Biology · General Awareness

Diseases and Health Risk Factors

2,602 Questions

Diseases and health risk factors examine the intrinsic and environmental causes of human illnesses. This includes common cancers, heart conditions, and substance abuse indicators. These topics are essential for biology papers in medical entrance and civil services examinations.

Cancer risk factorsSubstance abuse indicatorsIntrinsic disease factorsHeart disease risksInfant mortality causesChronic health conditions

Diseases and Health Risk Factors Questions

Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

Alcohol addiction leads to

  1. Neuritis

  2. Myitis

  3. Albuminuria

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Neuritis is the inflammation of axons of neurons in brain. Alcohol causes inflammation of nerves of peripheral nervous system. It is a severe condition in which nerves are damaged and this can cause unusual sensation in limbs and other body functions are also lost. Other symptoms include numbness in arms and legs, prickling sensations, impaired speech, impotency, vomiting, nausea, heat tolerance, dizziness etc.
So, the correct answer is 'Neuritis'.
Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

The factor responsible for cirrhosis of liver is 

  1. Sugar

  2. Hepatitis B

  3. Alcoholism

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cirrhosis of liver is characterized by replacement of liver tissue by fibrosis (scar tissue) and regenerative nodules (or lumps that occur due to attempted repair of the damaged tissue). Cirrhosis is most commonly caused by alcoholism, hepatitis-B, hepatitis-C and fatty liver disease. 

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is due to a number of reasons, including being overweight, diabetes, high blood fats, and high blood pressure.

Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

Cirrhosis of liver is caused by the chronic intake of

  1. Opium

  2. Alcohol

  3. Tobacco

  4. Cocaine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cirrhosis is an abnormal liver condition in which there is irreversible scarring of the liver. The main causes are sustained excessive alcohol consumption, viral hepatitis B and C, and fatty liver disease, however, there are many possible causes. People with cirrhosis may develop jaundice (yellowing of the skin, eyes and tongue), itching and extreme tiredness. So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

Fatty liver syndrome is due to excessive intake of

  1. Morphine

  2. Tobacco

  3. Alcohol

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Fatty liver syndrome occurs due to excessive intake of alcohol. It is the build-up of fat in liver. Gradually the liver hardens and dries up. The healthy cells of liver are replaced by fibrous tissue. This leads to build up of scar tissue in liver and leads to cirrhosis. Due to this, activities like protein synthesis and glycolysis are greatly reduced in liver. The structure of liver also gets changed and blood flow is blocked.
So, the correct answer is 'Alcohol'.
Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

Alcohol affects mental and motor functions because

  1. It causes degeneration of contractile fibers of muscles.

  2. It crosses blood-brain barrier.

  3. It is quickly absorbed in gut.

  4. It raises blood pressure.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Alcohol is circulated throughout the body as it enters the bloodstream. It affects the brain ability to control body behaviour and functions because it impairs the blood-brain barrier. It can cross the barrier between blood and brain and enter the blood cells from the blood circulating in brain thus, killing the brain cells.
So, the correct answer is 'It crosses blood-brain barrier'.
Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

Excessive consumption of alcohol results in

  1. Fatty liver syndrome

  2. Fixity of facial expression

  3. Twitching of face

  4. Atrophy of cerebral cortex
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Excessive consumption of alcohol leads to fatty liver syndrome in which there is build-up of fat in liver. Gradually the liver hardens and dries up. The healthy cells of liver are replaced by fibrous tissue. This leads to build up of scar tissue in liver and leads to cirrhosis. Due to this, activities like protein synthesis and glycolysis are greatly reduced in liver. The structure of liver also gets changed and blood flow is blocked.
So, the correct answer is 'Fatty liver syndrome'.
Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

Fatty alcohol syndrome occurs in

  1. Alcoholic men

  2. Alcoholic women

  3. Children of alcoholic mothers

  4. All the alcoholics
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Consumption of alcohol leads to fatty liver syndrome in which there is build-up of fat in liver in both men and women. Gradually the liver hardens and dries up. The healthy cells of liver are replaced by fibrous tissue. This leads to build up of scar tissue in liver and leads to cirrhosis. This causes permanent damage to the liver. Due to this, activities like protein synthesis and glycolysis are greatly reduced in liver. The structure of liver also gets changed and blood flow is blocked.
So, the correct answer is 'All the alcoholics'.
Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

Consumption of drugs may causes

  1. Cancer

  2. Chickenguniya

  3. AIDS

  4. Both A and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Drugs are chemicals that affect the body and brain. Different drugs can have different effects. 
  • Misuse of drugs may affect the brain. They cause the release of large amounts of dopamine, a neurotransmitter that helps regulate our emotions, motivation and feelings of pleasure, to flood the brain eventually leading to intense cravings and compulsive drug use. 
  • Side effects of drug addiction may include: A weakened immune system, increasing the risk of illness and infection, Heart conditions ranging from abnormal heart rates to heart attacks and collapsed veins and blood vessel infections from injected drugs, cancer, Increased strain on the liver, which puts the person at risk of significant liver damage or liver failure, Seizures, stroke, mental confusion and brain damage, AIDS, lung disease.
  •  Hence, the consumption of drugs may cause cancer and AIDS.
  •  So, the correct answer is 'Both A and C'.
Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

Which of the following can cause cancer?

  1. Brown sugar

  2. Opium

  3. Cocaine

  4. Cannabis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Cocaine is also known as coke. It is a strong stimulant mostly used as a recreational drug.
  •  It is commonly snorted, inhaled as smoke, or dissolved and injected into a vein. 
  • Mental effects may include loss of contact with reality, an intense feeling of happiness, or agitation. 
  • Physical symptoms may include a fast heart rate, sweating, and large pupils. High doses can result in very high blood pressure or body temperature.
  •  Its usage increases the risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, lung problems in those who smoke it, blood infections, cancer and sudden cardiac death. 
  • Hence, Cocaine can cause cancer.
  •  So, the correct answer is 'Cocaine'.
Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

The continuous and excessive intake of alcohol causes

  1. Cirrhosis

  2. Fatty liver syndrome

  3. Hypertension

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Alcohol affects the body in the following way :
1. Brain: Alcohol interferes with the brain’s communication pathways, and can affect the way the brain looks and works. These disruptions can change mood and behavior, and make it harder to think clearly and move with coordination. 
2. Heart: Drinking a lot over a long time or too much on a single occasion can damage the heart, causing problems including Cardiomyopathy, Irregular heart beat, Stroke, High blood pressure
3. Liver: Heavy drinking takes a toll on the liver, and can lead to a variety of problems and liver inflammations including Steatosis, or fatty liver, Alcoholic hepatitis, Fibrosis, Cirrhosis.
4. Pancreas: Alcohol causes the pancreas to produce toxic substances that can eventually lead to pancreatitis, a dangerous inflammation and swelling of the blood vessels in the pancreas that prevents proper digestion.
So, the correct option is 'All of these'
Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

Excessive intake of alcohol damages

  1. Liver

  2. Lung

  3. Kidney

  4. Heart
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,D Correct answer
Explanation
Alcohol affects the body in the following way :
1. Brain: Alcohol interferes with the brain’s communication pathways, and can affect the way the brain looks and works. These disruptions can change mood and behavior, and make it harder to think clearly and move with coordination. 
2. Heart: Drinking a lot over a long time or too much on a single occasion can damage the heart, causing problems including Cardiomyopathy, Irregular heart beat, Stroke, High blood pressure
3. Liver: Heavy drinking takes a toll on the liver, and can lead to a variety of problems and liver inflammations including Steatosis, or fatty liver, Alcoholic hepatitis, Fibrosis, Cirrhosis.
4. Pancreas: Alcohol causes the pancreas to produce toxic substances that can eventually lead to pancreatitis, a dangerous inflammation and swelling of the blood vessels in the pancreas that prevents proper digestion.
So, the correct option is 'Liver' and 'Heart'
Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

Addiction to alcohol drinking leads to ........... diseases.

  1. renal

  2. heart

  3. liver

  4. all of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Addition to alcohol drinking leads to twelve kinds of diseases. Renal, heart, liver is also one of them. Because alcohol intoxication in our bloodstream and as a result the concentration of alcohol is higher in blood and intoxication 

which is injurious to our health.

Multiple choice zoology our health harmful microorganism for humans microbes and diseases categories of diseases

Which of the following is a chronic disease?

  1. Cold

  2. Asthma

  3. Diabetes

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Chronic disease is a long-lasting condition that can be controlled but not cured. The term chronic is usually applied when the course of the disease lasts for more than three months. Common chronic diseases include arthritis, asthma, cancer, diabetes and viral diseases such as hepatitis C and HIV/AIDS.

So, the correct answer is option D.