Biology

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders

722 Questions

Deficiency diseases and disorders are caused by a lack of essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals in the diet or environment. This includes conditions like anemia, goitre, and night blindness. Practice these questions to prepare for general science exams.

Vitamin deficiency symptomsMineral deficiency disordersMalnutrition conceptsHormonal and specific diseases

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders Questions

Multiple choice

If the diet of a 5 years old child is deficient in both proteins and carbohydrates. Which of the following symptoms can he face? (a) He may become lean and thin. (b) His growth may stop completely. (c) He may become unable to walk.

  1. Both (a) and (b)

  2. Both (b) and (c)

  3. Both (a) and (c)

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A person who does not take proteins and carbohydrates in his diet for long may become so lean and thin that he will not be able to walk properly and his growth may also stop completely. This is because these two are the major nutrients for our body.

Multiple choice

The deficiency of which of the following in the body causes bones and teeth decay?

  1. Carbohydrates and proteins

  2. Vitamin D and calcium

  3. Proteins and fats

  4. Iron and calcium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Carbohydrates and fats are the energy-providing foods and proteins are the basic building blocks of the body. Vitamin D also helps in maintaining the calcium requirements of the body. So, the deficiency of vitamin D and calcium in the body causes bones and tooth decay.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is the odd one out?

  1. Anemia

  2. Night blindness

  3. Brittle bones

  4. Malaria

  5. Rickets
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Malaria is caused by the Plasmodium parasite. The parasite can be spread to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes. This is not a deficiency disease which is making it odd from others.

Multiple choice

Match the following.

 
1. Lack of iron A. Kwashiorkor
2. Excess fat B. Brittle bones
3. Lack of protein C. Obesity
4. Lack of calcium D. Anemia

  1. 1 - D, 2 - C, 3 - A, 4 - B

  2. 1 - D, 2 - A, 3 - B, 4 - C

  3. 1 - C, 2 - B, 3 - A, 4 - D

  4. 1 - A, 2 - B, 3 - C, 4 - D

  5. 1 - B, 2 - A, 3 - D, 4 - C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer. Lack of iron causes anemia. Excess of fat causes obesity and lack of protein leads to disease called Kwashiorkor. Kwashiorkor is a form of malnutrition that occurs when there is not enough protein in the diet. Lack of calcium causes brittle bones.

Multiple choice

Deficiency of Vitamin-A causes which of the following?

The various forms of Vitamin-A work as hormone and are present in the vertebrate eye in the form of visual pigment. Vitamin-A activity is seen in both carotenoids and retinoids.

  1. Pellagra

  2. Affects liver and central nervous system

  3. Dermatitis

  4. Xerophthalmia and dryness of eyes, mucous membrane and skin

  5. Haemorrhagic disease
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Xerophthalmia is a disease in which the cornea and conjunctiva of the eye get dried due to prolonged Vitamin-A deficiency. In this condition the eye fails to produce tears. Vitamin-A deficiency also causes dryness in mucous membrane, skin and delayed growth and development.

Multiple choice

Match the vitamins with their deficiency diseases

  1. Vitamin B2 A. Low and scurvy healing of wounds
  2. Vitamin A B. Pernicious anaemia
  3. Vitamin C C. abrasion at corners of lips, tongue and mouth
  4. Vitamin D D. night blindness
  5. Vitamin B12 E. Rickets

  1. 1 - C, 2 - D, 3 - A, 4 - E, 5 - B

  2. 1 - B, 2 - D, 3 - A, 4 - E, 5 - C

  3. 1 - C, 2 - A, 3 - D, 4 - E, 5 - B

  4. 1 - D, 2 - C, 3 - A, 4 - E, 5 - B

  5. 1 - C, 2 - D, 3 - E, 4 - A, 5 - B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin B2 acts as the coenzyme in reactions where oxidation and reduction take place. Its deficiency causes abrasion at corners of lips, tongue and mouth. Vitamin A occurs in the retina of vertebrates in the form of visual pigments. Its deficiency causes night blindness. Vitamin C is an antioxidant and its deficiency causes low and scurvy healing of wounds. Vitamin D maintains balance of calcium and its deficiency causes rickets due to improper mineralization of bones. Vitamin B12 acts as the coenzyme in metabolism of folic acid and its deficiency causes pernicious anaemia.

Multiple choice

Directions: Read the information given below and answer the question that follows:

The classic clinical syndrome is a seborrhoeic dermatitis-like eruption, atrophic glossitis with ulceration, angular cheilitis, conjunctivitis, intertrigo, and neurologic symptoms of somnolence, confusion and neuropathy.

The deficiency of which vitamin is explained in the passage given above?

  1. Thiamine

  2. Pyridoxine

  3. Biotin

  4. Pantothenic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The classic clinical syndrome for vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) deficiency is a seborrhoeic dermatitis-like eruption, atrophic glossitis with ulceration, angular cheilitis, conjunctivitis, intertrigo, and neurologic symptoms of somnolence, confusion and neuropathy.