Biology

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders

706 Questions

Deficiency diseases and disorders are caused by a lack of essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals in the diet or environment. This includes conditions like anemia, goitre, and night blindness. Practice these questions to prepare for general science exams.

Vitamin deficiency symptomsMineral deficiency disordersMalnutrition conceptsHormonal and specific diseases

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following parts is affected by laryngitis?

  1. Liver

  2. Ear

  3. Brain

  4. Throat
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Laryngitis is the inflammation of the larynx (voice box), which is located in the throat. The larynx contains the vocal cords and is responsible for producing sound. When inflamed, it causes hoarseness or loss of voice. The liver (A) is involved in metabolism, ear (B) in hearing/auditory function, and brain (C) in neural processing - none are directly affected by laryngitis.

Multiple choice

Which of the following diseases is a protein deficiency disease?

  1. Eczema

  2. Night-blindness

  3. Kwashiorkor

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition caused specifically by protein deficiency, characterized by edema, liver enlargement, and skin/hair changes. It typically occurs when children are weaned from protein-rich breast milk to protein-poor diets. Eczema is inflammatory, night blindness is Vitamin A deficiency, and marasmus (not listed) is calorie deficiency.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following symptoms of nutritional deficiency disorders is specific to the deficiency of vitamin C?

  1. Cracks on lips

  2. Spongy bleeding gums

  3. Pale conjunctivae

  4. Rashes on skin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin C deficiency (scurvy) specifically causes spongy, bleeding gums due to impaired collagen synthesis. Cracks on lips suggest B-vitamin deficiency, pale conjunctivae indicates anemia/iron deficiency, and skin rashes are associated with various deficiencies but not specific to Vitamin C.

Multiple choice

The disease beriberi is caused by deficiency of vitamin

  1. B1

  2. B2

  3. C

  4. D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Beriberi is caused by thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency. It affects the nervous and cardiovascular systems, causing weakness, nerve damage, and heart failure. B2 deficiency causes Ariboflavinosis, C deficiency causes scurvy, and D deficiency causes rickets/osteomalacia.

Multiple choice

The deficiency of which of the following vitamins can cause ricket and osteomalacia?

  1. Vitamin A

  2. Vitamin B

  3. Vitamin D

  4. Vitamin E
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption and bone mineralization. Deficiency causes rickets (soft, weak bones in children) and osteomalacia (soft bones in adults). Vitamins A, B, and E are important for other functions but not directly for bone mineralization. The connection is calcium metabolism.

Multiple choice

Xerophthalmia is caused due to deficiency of

  1. vitamin E

  2. vitamin A

  3. vitamin D

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Deficiency of vitamin A causes xerophthalmia but there can be other causes also. In this defect, eye fails to produce tears because of dryness of cornea.

Multiple choice

Haemorrhage is caused by the deficiency of vitamin

  1. A

  2. D

  3. E

  4. K

  5. B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting. Its deficiency impairs the production of clotting factors in the liver, leading to hemorrhage (excessive bleeding). Vitamins A, D, E, and B are not primarily responsible for coagulation.