Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,221 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice biology economic importance of bacteria and fungi common diseases in humans epidemics transmission of diseases

Consider the following substances.
a. Cellulose
b. Glucan
c. Lignin
Which of the statements is/are found as a component/components of fungal cell wall?

  1. $1$ and $2$ only
  2. $2$ and $3$ only
  3. $3$ only
  4. $1, 2$ and $3$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fungal cell walls are primarily composed of chitin and glucans. Cellulose is typically found in plant cell walls, and lignin is a structural polymer in vascular plants.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

Which component of a living cell are affected by the pollutant SO$ _2$ ?

  1. Membrane system of a cell

  2. Wall

  3. Plasmodesmata

  4. Nucleus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is known to damage plant cells by affecting the membrane system, leading to increased permeability and loss of cellular integrity.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell structure and organization eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

Eukaryotic cells have membrane bound organelles.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Organelles are the specialised and organised structures in a living cell. These may be bound by a single or double membrane (Exception is ribosomes which are non-membranous cell organelles present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes). Membrane-bound cell organelles include nucleus, vacuole, endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplasts, mitochondria, lysosomes, Golgi apparatus and are present only in eukaryotes.
So, the correct answer is 'True'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

.......... possesses an organised nucleus with a nuclear envelope.

  1. Prokaryotic

  2. Eukaryotic

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The eukaryotic cell is a cell which contains a membrane-bound nucleus. The nuclear membrane that surrounds nucleus in eukaryotic cells gives the defined structure to the nucleus which consists genetic material. So, the correct answer is option B.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

 Which of the following types of cell has a well developed cell nucleus?

  1. Prokaryotic

  2. Eukaryotic

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Eukaryotic cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus. The nuclear membrane that surrounds nucleus in eukaryotic cells gives the defined structure to the nucleus which consists genetic material and thus eukaryotic nucleus is called as well developed nucleus.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

Which of these cell organelles have double membranes?

  1. Mitochondria

  2. Chloroplast

  3. Nucleus

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Mitochondria are organelles in cells of eukaryotes. They are double-membraned and the inner membrane forms numerous folds called cristae which extend into the matrix.

The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear envelope which is double-membraned structure and consists of an outer membrane and an inner membrane that are perforated to allow entry of components into the nucleus.
Chloroplasts are organelles present in plants. They are double-membraned and the inner membrane shows the presence of thylakoids.
Thus the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

Which of the following statements is true for eukaryotic cells?

(i) They have unicellular cells only.
(ii) They have a well-organized nucleus.
(iii) They have lysosomes and peroxisomes.
(iv) Blue-green algae are eukaryotic cells.

  1. ii and iii

  2. ii only

  3. i and ii

  4. i and iv
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Eukaryotic cells contain a well organized, membrane-bound nucleus and organelles (mitochondria, lysosomes, Golgi apparatus) and not found in prokaryotes like bacteria, cyanobacteria. Eukaryotic cells are more complex than prokaryotic cells and are found in a great many different forms. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

A cell that is bound solely by a plasma membrane, contains ribosomes, cytoplasm, a nucleus, mitochondria, and Golgi bodies could be characterized as 

  1. Prokaryote

  2. Eukaryote

  3. Fungi

  4. Archaebacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cell organelles like mitochondria, nucleus, Golgi apparatus etc are components of an eukaryotic cell

So, the correct answer is 'Eukaryote'

Multiple choice bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

Eukaryotic cells include

  1. Only single envelope system

  2. Prochromosomes

  3. True sap vacuoles

  4. Only 80S ribosomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C,D Correct answer
Explanation

  • The eukaryotic cell contains double membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria, Golgi body, lysosomes, etc.
  • Prochromosomes are not present in the eukaryotic cell rather its DNA is linear and condensed to form a structure called chromosomes.
  • True sap vacuoles are present in plant cells they serve as storage of material.
  • The eukaryotic cell contains 80S ribosomes which are made up of two units first one is a small unit (40S) and the second one is a large unit (60S).
So the solution is 'option C  and D.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

In eukaryotic cells, the chromosomes are located in

  1. Nucleus

  2. Nucleolus

  3. Golgi complex

  4. Lysosomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In prokaryotes, the circular chromosomes are located in nucleoid which is present in the cytoplasm. In eukaryotes, the chromosome is stored inside the nucleus. Each eukaryotic chromosome is composed of DNA coiled and condensed around nuclear proteins called histones.

So the correct answer is the nucleus. 

Multiple choice bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

Which of the following groups of organelles are present in eukaryotic cells, specifically the plant and animal cells?

  1. The mesosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, mitochondria and lysosomes

  2. The endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, cytoplasm, nucleoid, nucleus and nucleolus

  3. The mitochondria, nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, Golgi bodies and endoplasmic reticulum

  4. The nucleoid, mesosome and pili
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The various cell organelles that can be seen in the eukaryotic cell cytoplasm include the nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, mitochondria, lysosomes, vacuoles and the ribosomes. The nucleoid is the naked chromosome which is found in the prokaryotic cells like bacteria and the mesosome is also found in the prokaryotic cells where it plays an important role in the respiration. Pili are hair-like structures that help the bacteria to adhere to the surfaces. So, the correct answer is 'The mitochondria, nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, Golgi bodies and endoplasmic reticulum'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

In addition to the nucleus, many membrane-bound cell organelles_______________________.

  1. are present in both Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell

  2. are present in Prokaryotic cell

  3. are present in Eukaryotic cell

  4. are absent in Eukaryotic cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Eukaryotic cells, in addition to the nucleus, have many membrane-bound organelles like the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies etc. Such membrane-bound organelles are absent in the Prokaryotic cells.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry unit of living - cell eukaryotic cell kinds of cell introduction to eukaryotic cell

Which of the following statements is correct

  1. The nuclear membrane is present in Eukaryotic cells

  2. The nuclear membrane is present in Prokaryotic cells

  3. The nuclear membrane is present in both Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

  4. The nuclear membrane is absent in the Eukaryotic cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus i.e. their chromosome is covered and protected by a nuclear membrane. Presence of Nuclear membrane or the nucleus is a unique feature of the Eukaryotic cells.