Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

Cell vacuole contains which of the following?

  1. Water

  2. Cytoplasm

  3. Dissolved substances

  4. Water and metabolic wastes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Plant cell vacuoles contain water and metabolic wastes. They are widely diverse in form, size, content and functional dynamics and a single cell may contain more than one kind of vacuole. In mature plant cells, vacuoles tend to be very large and are extremely important in providing structural support, as well as serving functions such as storage, waste disposal, protection, and growth. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

What is a cell sap?

  1. Living contents of cell

  2. Non living contents of protoplasm

  3. Non living contents of vacuole

  4. Living content of cytoplasm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • A plant cell is characterized by a single large sap vacuole. They enclose sap or water or vacuolar fluid with dissolved inorganic and organic substances. It is surrounded by a membrane called tonoplast. 
  • Plant cell vacuole maintains osmotic pressure for turgidity and osmosis. They also store useful as well as waste orgastic substances. Plant vacuole along with the cell inclusions is the non-living component of the cell.
Multiple choice botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

..........  are enclosed compartments filled with water and organic molecules.

  1. Vacuoles

  2. Cytoplasm

  3. Nucleotides

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vacuoles are the membrane-bound organelle and perform various functions according to the type of cell in which they are present. Vacuoles are filled with water containing inorganic and organic molecules including enzymes in solution, though in certain cases they may contain solids which have been engulfed. The organelle has no basic shape or size, its structure varies according to the needs of the cell. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

In a plant cell, the vacuole contains which of the following?

  1. Water

  2. Organic substances only

  3. Inorganic substances only

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A plant cell is characterised by a single large sap vacuole. They enclose sap or water with dissolved inorganic and organic substances. It is surrounded by a membrane called as tonoplast. Plant cell vacuole maintains osmotic pressure for turgidity and osmosis. They also store useful as well as waste substances. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

.......... are the storage bubbles of cells.

  1. Chloroplast

  2. Cytoplasm

  3. Mitochondria

  4. Vacuole
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vacuoles are the membrane-bound storage bubbles found in cells. They are large and centrally located in plant cell whereas in animal cells either they are too small or absent .They can store food materials, waste products, water etc.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion liver functions of the liver secretory organs

Cells of liver which act as phagocytes are

  1. Dieters cells

  2. Kupffer cells

  3. Hensen cells

  4. Acinar cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Kupffer cells, also known as Browicz-Kupffer cells are specialized macrophages located in the liver lining the walls of the sinusoids that form part of the reticuloendothelial system. Red blood cells are broken down by phagocytic action of Kupffer cells, where the hemoglobin molecule is split. The globin chains are re-utilized, while the iron-containing portion, heme, is further broken down into iron, which is re-utilized, and bilirubin, which is conjugated to glucuronic acid within hepatocytes and secreted into the bile.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion liver functions of the liver secretory organs

Specific cells found in liver are

  1. Alpha cells

  2. Beta cells

  3. Kupffer cells

  4. Islets of Langerhans
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Kupffer cells, also known as Browicz-Kupffer cells are specialized macrophages located in the liver lining the walls of the sinusoids that form part of the reticuloendothelial system. 

Multiple choice

In which location does the Calvin Cycle take place?

  1. thylakoid membrane

  2. cytoplasm

  3. cytoplasm

  4. stroma in chloroplast
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Calvin Cycle occurs in the stroma, which is the fluid-filled space surrounding the thylakoids inside the chloroplast.

Multiple choice

What are somatic cells?

  1. Any cell of a living organism

  2. reproductive cells

  3. one female reproductive cell

  4. non reproductive cells in a living organism
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Somatic cells are any cells in an organism that are not reproductive cells (gametes). They make up the body tissues and organs.

Multiple choice

What is somatic cell nuclear transfer?

  1. transfer of a somatic cell from child to mother

  2. cloning using differentiated adolescent cells

  3. cloaning using differentiated adult cells

  4. transfer of a somatic cell from a mother to child
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a cloning technique that uses the nucleus from a differentiated adult somatic cell. The nucleus is transferred into an enucleated egg cell to create an embryo genetically identical to the adult cell donor. This is how Dolly the sheep was cloned.