Biology

Cardiovascular and Nervous System

981 Questions

Review the human cardiovascular system through these competitive exam practice questions. Key areas include heart valves, cardiac impulse pathways, and blood pressure regulation. A solid grasp of these fundamentals is crucial for science sections.

Heart anatomy and valvesCardiac impulse conductionBlood pressure mechanicsHeartbeat regulation

Cardiovascular and Nervous System Questions

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Heart sounds are produced by:

  1. contraction of the myocardium

  2. flow of blood in the atria

  3. flow of blood in the ventricles

  4. closure of the heart valves
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Heart sounds are noises generated by the closing and opening of the heart valves. In a healthy individual, there are two normal heart sounds called lub and dub. 
  • Lub is the first heart sound. It is associated with the closure of the tricuspid and bicuspid valves at the beginning of systole. 
  • The second heart sound dub is associated with the closure of the semilunar valves at the beginning of diastole.
So, the correct option is 'Closure of the heart valves'.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
The impulses for heart beat originate in:

  1. A.VN.

  2. SAN.

  3. bundles of His

  4. fibres of Purkinje
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The sinoatrial node (SAN) is the impulse-generating (pacemaker) tissue located in the right atrium of the heart, and thus the generator of normal sinus rhythm. It is a group of cells positioned on the wall of the right atrium, near the entrance of the superior vena cava. 

So, the correct option is 'SAN'.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Rate of heart beat is directly proportional to the size of the body.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The rate of heartbeat is inversely proportional to the size of the body. Smaller animals have a greater heart rate due to increased metabolic rate than the large animals. 

So, the correct option is 'False'.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

Excessively high heart rate (> 180) can reduce cardiac output because 

  1. Blood is moving too fast through the lungs to pick up enough oxygen

  2. It tires out the heart muscles and so they pump slower

  3. It reduces the time for ventricular filling which reduces stroke volume

  4. The PR-interval increases which leads to longer ventricular diastole and shorter ventricular systole
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Heart rate affects both stroke volume and minute volume by altering the length of diastole and thereby the degree of filling and force of contraction. Minute volume and B.P may rise even if the stroke volume falls. This happens with a moderate rise in the heart rate. But if the heart rate is too high, the stroke volume becomes so low that the minute output falls far below the normal.

During muscular exercise, the output may be 30-40 litres i.e., 6-10 times the normal minute volume( stroke volume 170-200 ml; heart rate 150-180 per minute).
So, the correct answer is 'It reduces the time for ventricular filling which reduces stroke volume'.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

Bicuspid and tricuspid valves are open during

  1. Ventricular systole

  2. Ventricular diastole

  3. Atrial systole

  4. Late joint diastole
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Atrial systole occurs at the end of ventricular diastole. After the ventricle has pumped its blood, it begins to relax. There is now negative pressure in the ventricle (since it is now empty), and this pressure helps to draw in the blood from the atrium when it enters into systole. So during atrial systole, the bicuspid and tricuspid valves are open, and the pulmonary/aortic semilunar valves are closed. Then during the diastole, the bicuspid and tricuspid valves are closed.

Multiple choice biology structure and functions of living organisms -ii role of receptors in the mouth types of teeth circulatory system and organs

The graph of electrical activity of heart versus time produced by non-invasive medical procedure is called 

  1. Electro - cardiograph

  2. Electro - encephalograph

  3. Electro - cardiogram

  4. Electro - cardiography
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The graph of electrical activity of heart versus time produced by non-invasive medical procedure is called electrocardiograph. The process of recording the electrical activity of heart over a period of time is called as electrocardiography (ECG). The graph of electrical activity of brain versus time is called as electroencephalograph. The machine used to record the electrical activity of heart is called as electrocardiogram.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Electro - cardiograph.'

Multiple choice

The heart has how many chambers?

  1. 2

  2. 3

  3. 4

  4. 5
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The human heart is composed of four chambers: the right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle.

Multiple choice

The heart pumps ________.

  1. minerals

  2. oxygen

  3. blood

  4. water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The primary function of the heart is to pump blood throughout the body, which in turn carries oxygen, nutrients, and waste products.

Multiple choice

Where is the human heart located within the body?

  1. with the apex left of the clavicle

  2. to the right of the sternum

  3. left of center, midline of the sternum

  4. with the apex touching the lungs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The heart is located in the mediastinum, situated in the thoracic cavity, left of the midline, with its apex pointing toward the left hip.

Multiple choice

Where is the pericardium located?

  1. within the left ventricle

  2. around the entire heart

  3. lining the aorta

  4. within the right atrium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The pericardium is a double-walled sac that surrounds and protects the heart.