Biology

Cardiovascular and Nervous System

981 Questions

Review the human cardiovascular system through these competitive exam practice questions. Key areas include heart valves, cardiac impulse pathways, and blood pressure regulation. A solid grasp of these fundamentals is crucial for science sections.

Heart anatomy and valvesCardiac impulse conductionBlood pressure mechanicsHeartbeat regulation

Cardiovascular and Nervous System Questions

Multiple choice

When pumping blood pressure cuff

  1. talk to patient

  2. valve should be closed

  3. legs should be crossed

  4. hold your breath
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

To accurately inflate a blood pressure cuff, the valve must be closed to prevent air from escaping. Talking, crossing legs, or holding breath can interfere with the reading or the patient's comfort, but they are not part of the inflation mechanism.

Multiple choice

What does hypotension mean?

  1. blood pressure higher than normal

  2. blood pressure lower than normal

  3. blood sugar lower than normal

  4. pulse rate slower than normal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Hypotension is the medical term for blood pressure that is lower than the normal range. It is distinct from hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) or bradycardia (slow pulse).

Multiple choice

Cardiac Tissue

  1. Epithelial

  2. Connective

  3. Muscular

  4. Nervous
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cardiac tissue is a specialized form of involuntary muscular tissue found only in the heart.

Multiple choice biology human body and organ system blood pressure circulatory system transportation in animal and plants

If the systolic pressure is 120 mm Hg and diastolic pressure is 80 mm Hg, the pulse pressure is ____.

  1. 120 x 80 = 9600 mm Hg

  2. 120 + 80 = 200 mm Hg

  3. 120-80 = 40 mm Hg
  4. $\frac {120}{80}$ = 1.5 mm Hg
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
The pulse pressure can be defined as the difference between the diastolic and systolic pressure of an individual’s heart. If the normal diastolic and systolic pressure of the adult human heart is 120 mm Hg and 80 mm Hg, respectively then the pulse pressure is 120 - 80 = 40 mm Hg.
Thus, the correct answer is '120-80 = 40 mm Hg.'
Multiple choice biology human body and organ system blood pressure circulatory system transportation in animal and plants

Which of the following figure illustrates the systolic and diastolic pressure?

  1. 120 mm Hg

  2. 80 mm Hg

  3. 120 mm Hg and 80 mm Hg respectively

  4. 80 mm Hg and 120 mm Hg respectively
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The diastole phase is the phase of relaxation where the chambers of the heart relax and blood fills into the respective chambers. The systolic phase is the phase of contraction. The normal systolic pressure is about 120 mm Hg & diastole pressure is 80 mm Hg.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology human body and organ system blood pressure circulatory system transportation in animal and plants

Cardiac systole is the .......... cardiac muscle in response to an electrochemical stimulus to the heart's cell. 

  1. Relaxation

  2. Contraction

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The diastole phase is the phase of relaxation where the chambers of the heart relax and blood fills into the respective chambers. The systolic phase is the phase of contraction. The normal systolic pressure is about 120 mm Hg & diastole pressure is 80 mm Hg. So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology human body and organ system blood pressure circulatory system transportation in animal and plants

Systolic pressure is higher than diastolic pressure due to

  1. Volume of blood in the heart is greater during systole

  2. Arteries contract during systole

  3. Blood vessels offer resistance to flowing blood during systole

  4. Blood is forced into arteries during systole
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Blood pressure is the pressure applied on the arteries and veins during the circulation. The instrument used is called a sphygmomanometer and two variables are measured as follows
1. Systolic pressure, which occurs during heart muscle contraction which forces blood into arteries, averages around 120mmHg and is expressed in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg).
2. Diastolic pressure, which occurs during relaxation of the heart muscle, averages around 80 mm Hg.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology human body and organ system blood pressure circulatory system transportation in animal and plants

In normal blood pressure of 120/80 mm Hg, the numerator presents

  1. Pulse pressure

  2. Cardiac index

  3. Systolic pressure

  4. Diastolic pressure
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A healthy blood pressure reading should be lower than 120/80 mm Hg. Normal blood pressure is less than 120 mm Hg systolic and 80 mm Hg diastolic, and may vary from 90/60mm Hg to 120/80mm Hg in a healthy young woman. A blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg or higher indicates high blood pressure.

So, the correct option is 'Systolic pressure'.

Multiple choice biology human body and organ system blood pressure circulatory system transportation in animal and plants

Systole causes

  1. Entry of blood into lungs

  2. Entry of blood into heart

  3. Exit of blood from heart

  4. Exit of blood from ventricles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Systole is the period of contraction of the ventricles of the heart that occurs between the first and second heart sounds of the cardiac cycle (the sequence of events in a single heart beat). Systole causes the ejection of blood into the aorta and pulmonary trunk.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology human body and organ system blood pressure circulatory system transportation in animal and plants

Which one of the following is a correct matching pair?

  1. Lubb - Sharp closure of AV valves at the beginning of ventricular systole

  2. Dup - Sudden opening of semilunar valves at the beginning of ventricular diastole

  3. Pulsation of the radial artery - Valves in the blood vessels

  4. Purkinje fibers - Initiation of the heart beat
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
First sound of heart is lubb (a long and booming sound), created by the closure of atrioventricular valves (AV), tricuspid and bicuspid at the beginning of ventricular systole. the second sound of heart is dupp which is short and sharp. The instrument used to hear heart sound is stethoscope.
Multiple choice biology human body and organ system blood pressure circulatory system transportation in animal and plants

Pressure exerted by blood against its walls of an artery during ventricular contraction is 

  1. Diastole

  2. Systole

  3. Cardiac Murmur

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The systole is a phase when the chambers of the heart relax and the blood is filled in the respective chambers. The pressure exerted by blood against its walls of an artery during ventricular contraction is systolic pressure. It is estimated as 120mm Hg.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology human body and organ system blood pressure circulatory system transportation in animal and plants

The difference between systolic and diastolic pressure in human is

  1. $120$mm Hg
  2. $80$mm Hg
  3. $40$mm Hg
  4. $200$mm Hg
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure readings. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). It represents the force that the heart generates each time it contracts. Systolic pressure in human is 120 mm Hg and Diastolic pressure in human is 80 mm Hg. Therefore difference between them is 40mm Hg. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.