Cardiovascular and Nervous System

A healthy blood pressure reading should be lower than 120/80 mm Hg. Normal blood pressure is less than 120 mm Hg systolic and 80 mm Hg diastolic, and may vary from 90/60mm Hg to 120/80mm Hg in a healthy young woman. A blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg or higher indicates high blood pressure.

Systole is the period of contraction of the ventricles of the heart that occurs between the first and second heart sounds of the cardiac cycle (the sequence of events in a single heart beat). Systole causes the ejection of blood into the aorta and pulmonary trunk.

The systole is a phase when the chambers of the heart relax and the blood is filled in the respective chambers. The pressure exerted by blood against its walls of an artery during ventricular contraction is systolic pressure. It is estimated as 120mm Hg.

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure readings. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). It represents the force that the heart generates each time it contracts. Systolic pressure in human is 120 mm Hg and Diastolic pressure in human is 80 mm Hg. Therefore difference between them is 40mm Hg. 

Systolic pressure is measured in the arteries when the heart contracts and is 120 mm of Hg in a normal condition.

A sphygmomanometer is an instrument, attached to an inflatable air bladder cuff and used with a stethoscope, for measuring blood pressure in an artery. Systolic pressure is identified with the first of the continuous korotkoff sounds. Diastolic pressure is identified at the moment the korotkoff sounds disappear. 

Hypertension is generally defined as blood pressure consistently at or above 130/80 or 140/90 mm Hg. Among the choices, 140/100 represents a hypertensive reading.

In a blood pressure reading of 120/80, the top number (120) is the systolic pressure, which is the pressure during heart contraction. The bottom number (80) is the diastolic pressure.

Pulse pressure is calculated as the difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure. Here, 120 - 80 = 40 mm Hg.

The pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure. For a standard 120/80 reading, the difference is 120 - 80 = 40 mm Hg.

A blood pressure reading of 140/90 mm Hg is considered elevated and is classified as hypertension. Normal is typically 120/80.

When the heart beats, it contracts and pushes blood through the arteries to the rest of the body. This force creates pressure on the arteries. This is called as systolic blood pressure. A normal systolic blood pressure is 120 mm hg. The diastolic blood pressure indicates the pressure in the arteries when the heart rests between beats. A normal diastolic blood pressure number is 80 mm hg.

Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of the blood vessels resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessels, in particular the large arteries and small arterioles. When blood vessels constrict, the flow of blood is restricted or decreased, thus increasing vascular resistance causing a reduction in blood flow. Thus, vasoconstriction usually results in an increase in systemic blood pressure.