Biology

Cardiovascular and Nervous System

983 Questions

Review the human cardiovascular system through these competitive exam practice questions. Key areas include heart valves, cardiac impulse pathways, and blood pressure regulation. A solid grasp of these fundamentals is crucial for science sections.

Heart anatomy and valvesCardiac impulse conductionBlood pressure mechanicsHeartbeat regulation

Cardiovascular and Nervous System Questions

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

The heart is an organ which beats

  1. Twenty hours in twenty four hours

  2. Ten hours in twenty four hours

  3. Continuously

  4. Eight hours in twenty four hours
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The heart beat continuously and pumps the blood by contraction and relaxation of cardiac muscles.
Cardiac output is defined as the amount of blood pumped out by the ventricles in a minute.The volume of blood pumped by each ventricle in 1 minute is termed as the cardiac output. 
So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

Normal heart rate of a healthy individual is 

  1. 20-40 beats/min

  2. 60-100 beats/min

  3. 200-600 beats/min

  4. 2-10 beats/min
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The cardiac cycle refers to a complete heartbeat from its generation to the beginning of the next beat. The frequency of the cardiac cycle or the heart rate is expressed as heart beats per minute. Normal adult human heart rate ranges from 60-100 bpm. So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

Heart beat is  initiated by

  1. Sinu-auricular node

  2. Atria-ventricular node

  3. Sodium ion

  4. Purkinje's fibres
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The sino-atrial node (SAN) is a mass of nodal tissue found in the upper part of right auricle. It generates the nerve impulses which is responsible for starting the contraction of the heart. It controls the rhythm of the heart contraction. Hence, it is called as the natural pacemaker of the heart.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

Pulse rate can be defined as

  1. The rate at which the blood is pumped

  2. The rate at which the blood is filtered

  3. The rate at which the blood is oxygenated

  4. The rate at which the blood is deoxygenated
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This sequential event in the heart which is cyclically repeated is called the cardiac cycle. Each cardiac cycle consists of systole and diastole of both the atria and ventricles. Each cardiac cycle represents one heartbeat. The normal heart rate is about 72 beats per minute. The heart rate is same as pulse rate because the pumping action of the heart causes an increase in blood pressure in arteries that leads to noticeable pulse. Hence pulse rate can be defined as the rate at which the blood is pumped.

So, the correct answer is 'The rate at which the blood is pumped'.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

The normal heart rate is

  1. 62 beats per minute

  2. 72 beats per minute

  3. 54 beats per minute

  4. 52 beats per minute
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • This sequential event in the heart that is cyclically repeated is called the cardiac cycle.
  • Each cardiac cycle consists of systole and diastole of both the atria and ventricles. 
  • Each cardiac cycle represents one heartbeat. The number of heartbeats per minute in resting person is called a normal heart rate. 
  • The normal heart rate is about 72 beats per minute.

So, the correct answer is '72 beats per minute'.
Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

The amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute is

  1. 2 litres

  2. 3 liters

  3. 5 litres

  4. 4 litres
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • The amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute is called the cardiac output.
  • The heart of a normal person beats 72 times per minute. This is called the heart rate. During each and every heartbeat, the ventricles pump about 70 ml of blood.
  • This is known as stroke volume. This means heart pumps 72 x 70 ml = 5040 ml or approximately 5 liters of blood per minute.

    Thus the correct answer is option C.
Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

The pulse rate can be determined from the

  1. Arteries

  2. Veins

  3. Capillaries

  4. Venules
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The pulse rate is the number of times one can feel a pulse in one minute. The radial artery is present on the thumb side of the wrist. To measure the pulse rate place two fingers between the bone and the tendon over your radial artery. Count the number of beats in 15 seconds, multiply this with four you will get the pulse rate. Therefore The pulse rate can be determined from the arteries.

So, the correct answer is 'Arteries'.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

The unit of measurement of heart beat is

  1. Beats per minute

  2. Liters per minute

  3. Beats per second

  4. Beats per hour
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • This sequential event in the heart that is cyclically repeated is called the cardiac cycle. Each cardiac cycle consists of systole and diastole of both the atria and ventricles. 
  • Each cardiac cycle represents one heartbeat. The number of heartbeats per minute in resting person is called a normal heart rate. 
  • The normal heart rate is about 72 beats per minute. Hence the unit of measurement of the heartbeat is Beats per minute.

So, the correct answer is 'Beats per minute'.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

'Dup' sound is produced during closure of

  1. Semilunar valves

  2. Bicuspid valve

  3. Tricuspid valve

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Two distinct sounds can be heard during heart beat with the help of stethoscope. These are 'lubb' and 'dup'.
  • Lubb is the first sound which has a low pitch and produced by the closure of tricuspid and bicuspid valves (collectively called atrioventricular valves) at the beginning of ventricular systole.
  • Dup is the second sound which is sharp and has a high pitch. It is produced by closure of semilunar valves by the end of ventricular systole.
So, the correct answer is 'Semilunar valves'.
Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

The pulse rate can be measured in the 

  1. Veins of neck

  2. Veins of the wrist

  3. Pulmonary vein

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This sequential event in the heart which is cyclically repeated is called the cardiac cycle. Each cardiac cycle consists of systole and diastole of both the atria and ventricles. Each cardiac cycle represents one heartbeat. The normal heart rate is about 72 beats per minute. The heart rate is same as pulse rate because the pumping action of the heart causes an increase in blood pressure in arteries. Hence pulse rate can be measured in the arteries of the neck and arteries of the wrist.

So, the correct answer is 'None of the above'.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

Heart beat is heard on left side as

  1. Aorta is on left side

  2. Heart is on left side

  3. Ventricles are on left side

  4. Left ventricle is on left side.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The heart is located in the mediastinum, but the apex of the heart, which is formed by the left ventricle, is directed toward the left side of the chest, making the heartbeat more audible there.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

Sympathetic nervous system

  1. Decreases heart beat

  2. Increases heart beat

  3. Not related to heart beat

  4. Controls heart beat.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the fight or flight response. This response includes increasing the heart rate to prepare the body for physical activity.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

Origin of heart beat and its conduction is represented by

  1. AV node $\rightarrow$ Bundle of His $\rightarrow$ SA node $\rightarrow$ Purkinje fibres
  2. SA node $\rightarrow$ Purkinje fibres $\rightarrow$ AV node $\rightarrow$ Bundle of His
  3. Purkinje fibres $\rightarrow$ AV node $\rightarrow$ SA node $\rightarrow$ Bundle of His
  4. SA node $\rightarrow$ AV node $\rightarrow$ Bundle of His $\rightarrow$ Purkinje fibres
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • The impulse for heart beat is originated in SA node. It is known as the pace maker of heart and situated in upper right corner of right atrium. 
  • The electrical impulses generated by SA node are conducted to Atrio Ventricular or AV node. 
  • From the AV node, the impulses are transmitted to AV bundle, known as bundle of His which convey the impulses of contraction to the apex of myocardium. 
  • The impulses cause the Purkinje fibres to sweep upwards and outwards which results in pumping of blood into aorta and pulmonary artery.
  • So, the correct sequence of propagation of cardiac impulse is SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibres.
So, the correct answer is 'SA node →→ AV node →→ Bundle of His →→ Purkinje fibres'.