Biology

Cardiovascular and Nervous System

981 Questions

Review the human cardiovascular system through these competitive exam practice questions. Key areas include heart valves, cardiac impulse pathways, and blood pressure regulation. A solid grasp of these fundamentals is crucial for science sections.

Heart anatomy and valvesCardiac impulse conductionBlood pressure mechanicsHeartbeat regulation

Cardiovascular and Nervous System Questions

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

If the systolic pressure is $120$mm Hg and diastolic pressure is $80$mm Hg, the pulse pressure is $80$mm Hg, the pulse pressure is ______.

  1. $120\times80 = 9600$mm Hg
  2. $120+80 = 200$ mm Hg
  3. $120 - 80 = 40$mm Hg
  4. $\frac{120}{40} = 3$mm Hg
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
The pulse pressure can be defined as the difference between the diastolic and systolic pressure of an individual’s heart. If the normal diastolic and systolic pressure of the adult human heart is 120 mm Hg and 80 mm Hg, respectively then the pulse pressure is 120 - 80 = 40 mm Hg.
Thus, the correct answer is '120−80=40mm Hg.'
Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

Which one of the following is a matching pair?

  1. Lubb - sharp closure of AV valves at the beginning of ventricular systole

  2. Dub - sudden opening of semilunar valves at the beginning of ventricular diastole

  3. Pulsation of the radial artery - valves in the blood vessels

  4. Initiation of the heart beat - Purkinje fibres
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The first heart sound (Lubb) is caused by the closure of the atrioventricular valves at the start of ventricular systole.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

The first heart sound is produced when

  1. Intraventricular pressure decreases

  2. Semilunar valve snaps shut

  3. Bicuspid and tricuspid close quickly

  4. Diastole begins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

first heart sound is produced by the closing of the atrioventricular valves . The first heart sound, or S1, forms the "lub" of "lub-dub" and is composed of components M1 (mitral valve closure) and T1 (tricuspid valve closure). Normally M1 precedes T1 slightly. It is caused by the closure of the atrioventricular valves, i.e. tricuspid and mitral (bicuspid), at the beginning of ventricular contraction, or systole. So, the correct option is C.( Bicuspid and tricuspid close quickly )

Multiple choice biology simple nutrients into cells heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

In a normal human adult (at resting position), how much blood does the heart pump per minute?

  1. 5 litre

  2. 3 litre

  3. 1 litre

  4. 7 litre
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The blood travels around the body and back to the heart in about one minute if the person is at rest. The heart beats 70 times a minute, with each beat the heart pumps 60 to 90 mililiters (2 to 3 ounces) of blood out of the heart. It can move 5 liters of blood in one minute and 7600 liters (2000 gallons) per day. So, the correct option is "A" (5 Litre).

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

The first heart sound is

  1. DUP

  2. LUBB

  3. LUPP

  4. BUD
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The first heart sound 'lubb' is made by the closing of the mitral valve and tricuspid valve (atrioventricular valves). The second heart sound is 'dub' and is caused by the closure of the aortic valve and the pulmonary valve. 

So, the correct option is 'LUBB'.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

In human beings heart beat is initiated by

  1. Purkinje fibres

  2. AV node

  3. SA node

  4. Bundles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sinoatrial node is a cluster of cells present in the right atria just below the opening of  Vena cava. It autonomously generates electrical impulses that initiate the muscle contraction in the atria.

It is called the natural pacemaker of the heart.
So, the correct answer is 'SA node'.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

First heart sound is called?

  1. Lubb

  2. Dub

  3. Murmur

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • The heart produces a characteristic sound at the beginning g of ventricular systole or contraction. 
  • These sounds are a result of the closure of the atrioventricular valves, the mitral valve and the tricuspid valve. 
  • The sounds produced are “lubb-dub”, lubb being the first of the two. 
  • So, the correct answer is 'Lubb'.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

An artifical pacemaker is implanted sub-cutaneously and connected to heart in patients.

  1. having high B.P

  2. having irregularity in heartbeat

  3. having blockage in heart

  4. suffering from arteriosclerosis.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A pacemaker insertion is the implantation of a small electronic device that is usually placed in the chest (just below the collarbone) to help regulate slow electrical problems with the heart. A pacemaker may be recommended to ensure that the heartbeat does not slow to a dangerously low rate.


So, the Correct option is B.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

Human heart is myogenic and it is supplied with sympathetic and vagus nerve branches that are acceleratory  and inhibitory in nature respectively.Which one of the following statement is incorrect w.r.t the heart beat?

  1. In foetal heart the heart rate is $140-130$ beats per minutes

  2. Mental status such as depression and grief decrease heart rate
  3. An excess of $Ca^{++}$ ion decreases heart beat rate
  4. High levels of $Na^+$ and $K^+$ decreases the strength of contraction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Heartbeat rate is the number of the beating of the heart per minute.

  • It is found that in normal humans, the rate of heartbeat is about 70 - 72 times per minute but in feotus or babies it is found much higher about 140 - 130 times per minute or may even up to 160 per minute. 
  • At the time of mental disorders like depression, grief or sadness body releases stress hormone, these stress hormone tightens the blood vessels, thus increases the heart rate.
  • Calcium ions play a major role in cardiac activity as well in muscle contraction when they are present in high amount then causes a lower heartbeat.
  • Sodium-potassium pumps are the ion channels or proton pumps that regulate the activity of contraction in the heart muscles. Excess of these ions dilates the blood vessels, thus lowers the heart rate and strength of the contraction of the heart muscles.
So, the correct option is 'Mental status such as depression and grief decrease heart rate'.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

What happen on heart beating if the parasym-pathetic nerve going towards heart is cut down?

  1. Increases

  2. Decreases

  3. Normal

  4. Stopped
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The parasympathetic nervous system (via the vagus nerve) acts to slow down the heart rate. If this nerve is cut, the inhibitory effect is removed, leading to an increase in heart rate.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

The volume of blood pumped by heart in one minute is called?

  1. Heart rate

  2. Systole

  3. Cardiac output

  4. Diastoles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cardiac output is the blood volume pumped in a minute by the core. It is equivalent to the rate of heart multiplied by the quantity of the stroke. So if there are 70 beats per minute and with each heart beat 70 ml of blood is drawn, the power production is 4900 ml / minute. This value is typical of an average resting adult, although during intense practice, cardiac production can achieve up to 30 liters / minute.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

The first heart sound is semilunar valves

  1. Closure of the tricuspid and Biscuspid valves

  2. Closure of the tricuspid and biuspid valves

  3. Opening of the semilunar valves

  4. Opening of the eustachian valve
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The first heart sound which we hear is produced by the simultaneous closure of both the atrioventricular valves namely, the bicuspid (mitral) valve and the tricuspid valve.

It resembles the word "LUBB" and is produced due to the isometric contraction period and the earlier part of ejection period.

Multiple choice biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

The volume of blood pumped by heart in one minute is called?

  1. Heart rate

  2. Systole

  3. Cardiac output

  4. Diastols
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cardiac output is the blood volume pumped in a minute by the core. It is equivalent to the rate of heart multiplied by the quantity of the stroke. So if there are 70 beats per minute and with each heart beat 70 ml of blood is drawn, the power production is 4900 ml / minute. This value is typical of an average resting adult, although during intense practice, cardiac output can reach  upto 30 liters / minute.

So, the correct answer is 'Heart rate'