Biology

Cardiovascular and Nervous System

983 Questions

Review the human cardiovascular system through these competitive exam practice questions. Key areas include heart valves, cardiac impulse pathways, and blood pressure regulation. A solid grasp of these fundamentals is crucial for science sections.

Heart anatomy and valvesCardiac impulse conductionBlood pressure mechanicsHeartbeat regulation

Cardiovascular and Nervous System Questions

Multiple choice biology transport in animals cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle human heart

The cardiac impulse is initiated and conducted further upto ventricle. The correct sequence of conduction of impulse is 

  1. SA Node, AV node, Purkinje fibre, AV Bundle

  2. SA Node, Purkinje fibre, AV Node, AV Bundle

  3. SA Node, AV node, AV Bundle, Purkinjee fibre

  4. SA Node, Punkinje fibre, AV Bundle, AV Node
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
The nerve impulses produced by the SA node travel to the AV node and cause the initiation of the articular depolarization. From here, the impulse travels to the AV bundle and then to the Purkinje fibres.
Thus, the correct answer is 'SA Node, AV node, AV Bundle, Purkinje fibre.'
Multiple choice biology transport in animals cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle human heart

Read the following statements and choose the correct option.
Statement 1: Atrial receives blood from all parts of the body which subsequently flows to ventricles.
Statement 2: Action potential generated at sino-atrial node passes from atria to ventricles.

  1. Action mentioned in Statement 1 is dependent on action mentioned in Statement 2.

  2. Action mentioned in Statement 2 is dependent on action mentioned in Statement 1.

  3. Actions mentioned in Statements 1 and 2 are independent of each other.

  4. Actions mentioned in Statements 1 and 2 are synchronous.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Atria receive blood from all parts of the body which subsequently flows to the ventricles. Action potential generated at sinoatrial node passes from the atria to the ventricles. Both these events take place at the same time.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Actions mentioned in Statements 1 and 2 are synchronous.'

Multiple choice biology transport in animals cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle human heart

The atrio-ventricular node is situated

  1. Near the bicuspid valve

  2. In between the atrium

  3. At the base of inter-auricular septum

  4. In the interventricular septum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The heart beat originates at SA node and passes to the AV node which finally conducts it to the bundle of His. The AV node is placed between the atria and the ventricles of the heart, specifically in the posteroinferior region of the interatrial septum near the opening of the coronary sinus, which conducts the normal electrical impulse from the atria to the ventricles.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology transport in animals cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle human heart

What happens when the pacemaker becomes non-functional?

  1. Only auricles contract rhythmically

  2. Only ventricles contract rhythmically

  3. Cardiac muscles do not undergo coordinated rhythmic movements

  4. Cardiac muscles contract in coordinated manner rhythmically

  5. Auricles and ventricles contract rhythmically.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The natural (SA node) or artificial pacemaker has a function to send electrical impulses from atrium for contraction and pumping action into the ventricles. The impulses get transferred in the following route :

SA node(pacemaker) $\rightarrow$ Interatrial cardiac fibre $\rightarrow$ AV node(pacesetter) $\rightarrow$ Bundle of his $\rightarrow$ Bundle branch $\rightarrow$Purkinje fibres.
Thus, the rhythmic contraction of the heart is made by SA node.
So, if the pacemaker becomes non-functional then, cardiac muscles do not undergo coordinated rhythmic movement.

Multiple choice biology multicellular structure: tissue muscle tissue structure of protein muscle tissues

Their contraction is involuntary, vigorous and rhythmic holds true for

  1. Striated muscles

  2. Cardiac muscles

  3. Unstriated muscles

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cardiac muscles are the muscles of the heart. They are self-contracting, autonomically regulated (meaning involuntary and must continue to contract in a rhythmic fashion for the whole life of the organism.
Thus, the correct answer is option (B), 'Cardiac muscles'.

Multiple choice botany internal structure of root, stem and leaf internal structure of monocot stem internal structure of monocots internal structure of stem(dicot and monocot)

Read the following statements and select the correct  option.
A. Damage to chordae tending of semilunar valves in aorta causes back flow of blood in left ventricle.
B. Closure of atrio-ventricular valves during ventricular systole generates first heart sound

  1. Both statements are correct

  2. Only statement B is correct

  3. Only statement A is correct

  4. Both statements are incorrect.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The semilunar valves are present inbetween the aorta and the left ventricle (aortic semilunar valve) and between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery (pulmonary semilunar valve). The aortic semilunar valve functions to pevent backflow of blood into the ventricle. Damage to chordae tendinae of the aortic semilunar valve will therefore cause backflow of blood to the left ventricle. The first heart sound is produced by the closure of the mitral and the tricuspid valve, that are the atrioventricular valves. 

So, the correct option is 'Both statements are correct'.

Multiple choice biology body fluids and circulation cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Hypertension occurs when blood pressure is consistently above

  1. 120/180

  2. 140/180

  3. 120/85

  4. 140/90
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Hypertension is caused due to an elevation in the pressure applied during the blood flow in the blood vessels. Blood pressure is expressed by two measurements, the systolic and diastolic pressures, which are the maximum and minimum pressures, respectively, in the arterial system. The systolic pressure occurs when the left ventricle is most contracted, the diastolic pressure occurs when the left ventricle is most relaxed prior to the next contraction. Normal blood pressure at rest is within the range of 100–140 millimeters mercury (mmHg) systolic and 60–90 mmHg diastolic. Hypertension is present if the blood pressure is persistently at or above 140/90 mmHg for most adults. 

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology body fluids and circulation cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

An artifical pacemaker is implanted subcutaneously and
connected to the heart in patients

  1. Having 90% blockage of the three main coronary arteries

  2. Having a very high blood pressure

  3. With irregularity in the heart rhythm

  4. Suffering from arteriosclerosis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

When irregularity in the heart rhythm occurs, normal heart rhythm can be reared and maintained by surgically implanting an artificial pace maker, a device that sends out small electrical current to stimulate the heart to contract.

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Atherogenic lipoproteins are all EXCEPT

  1. LDL

  2. HDL

  3. VLDL

  4. Chylomicrons
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Chylomicron remnants, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and Lp (a) are all pro-atherogenic, while HDL is anti-atherogenic.

High density lipoproteins (HDL): These particles play an important role in reverse cholesterol transport from peripheral tissues to the liver, which is one potential mechanism by which HDL may be anti-atherogenic.

So the answer is 'HDL'. 

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Congenital heart disease is 

  1. A problem in the function of the heart that is present at birth

  2. A problem in the structure of the heart that is present at birth

  3. A problem in the structure of the heart that is developed later in life

  4. A problem in the function of the heart that is developed later in life
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Congenital heart disease refers to the problem in the structure of the heart that is present at birth. It can be related to the wall of the heart, the valves of the heart and the arteries and veins associated with the heart. Patent Foramen Ovale is the example of congenital heart disease in which the septal wall between the right and the left atrium is not formed.

Hence, the correct answer is 'a problem in the structure of the heart that is present at birth'.

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

The following list contains some of the events that lead to a 'heart attack'
I. Blood clot breaks loose and passes along blood vessel
II. Region of hurt muscle suffers a myocardial infraction
III. Narrow branch of coronary artery becomes blocked by thrombus
IV. Thrombus from on inner surface of coronary artery
The correct sequence of these events is

  1. I, IV, II and III

  2. I, IV, III and II

  3. IV, I, II and III

  4. IV, I, III and II
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The events of a heart attack can be put in a sequence of I, IV, II, III.

So, the correct option is 'I, IV, II, and III'.

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Myocardial infarction is caused by

  1. hardening of arteries

  2. lumpy thickness develop in the inner walls of arteries

  3. clot may occur in the lumen of coronary artery

  4. sudden interruption in blood flow towards a portion of heart
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A heart attack occurs when one of the heart's coronary arteries is blocked suddenly or has extremely slow blood flow. A heart attack also is called a myocardial infarction. The usual cause of sudden blockage in a coronary artery is the formation of a blood clot.

So, the correct answer is clot may occur in the lumen of coronary artery.

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Read the following statements :-
(a) Rise in body temperature lead to bradycardia 
(b) Weak condition of the heart leads to tachycardia 
(c) strong condition off the heart leads to Tachycardia
(d) Loss of the blood leads to braycardia 
(e) Stimulation by sympathetic nerves leads to tachycardia 
(f) Exercise leads to bradycardia 
out of these how many statements are incorrect?

  1. Two

  2. Three

  3. Four

  4. Five
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Abnormal enlargement of heart is 

  1. Angina pectoris

  2. Myocardial infarction

  3. Cardiomegaly

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Angina pectoris - It is the sensation of chest pain as a result of myocardial ischemia, caused by an imbalance between myocardial blood supply and oxygen demand. It is a common symptom among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
Myocardial infarction - commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood stops flowing properly to a part of the heart, and the heart muscle is injured because it is not receiving enough oxygen. Usually, this is because one of the coronary arteries that supplies blood to the heart develops a blockage due to an unstable buildup of white blood cells, cholesterol and fat.
Cardiomegaly - is a medical condition, which refers to the enlargement of heart.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.