Biology

Cardiovascular and Nervous System

981 Questions

Review the human cardiovascular system through these competitive exam practice questions. Key areas include heart valves, cardiac impulse pathways, and blood pressure regulation. A solid grasp of these fundamentals is crucial for science sections.

Heart anatomy and valvesCardiac impulse conductionBlood pressure mechanicsHeartbeat regulation

Cardiovascular and Nervous System Questions

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

When the heart rate increases the condition is called as

  1. Bradycardia

  2. Tachycardia

  3. Leucopenia

  4. Cardiac arrest
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Tachycardia is a condition, when the heart rate exceeds the normal range in resting condition. Generally, when the heart rate (human) crosses more than 100 beats per minute in the resting state, then the person is said to be suffering from tachycardia. It can occur in fever, hypovolemia and hyperthyroidism.

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Below normal heartbeat, the condition is called as

  1. Bradycardia

  2. Tachycardia

  3. Hyperpiesis

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Bradycardia is an abnormality of the heart where an individual has the slow heart rate. The normal heart rate for an adult human being at rest is 72 beats per minute. In bradycardia, the heart rate is less than 60 beats per minute in adults. Shortage of oxygenated blood due to infection of lungs is the major cause of bradycardia. The heart is unable to get the sufficient amount of oxygenated blood from the lungs. It turns fatal and may cause cardiac arrest.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Oval depression or fossa is observed over

  1. Inter-atrial septum

  2. Interventricular septum

  3. Right auriculo-ventricular septum

  4. Left auriculoventricular septum

  5. Papillary muscles.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The fossa ovalis is a depression in the right atrium of the heart, located on the inter-atrial septum, which is the remnant of the foramen ovale from fetal circulation.

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Heart pumps blood more forcefully in older persons than younger ones due to

  1. Decrease in oxygen content of blood

  2. Decrease in elasticity of arteries

  3. Fall in nutrient content of blood

  4. Increase in elasticity of arteries
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

As people age, the elasticity of the arterial walls decreases (arteriosclerosis). This causes the heart to pump against higher resistance, requiring more forceful contractions.

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Which of the following is congenital heart disease?

  1. Patent ductus arteriosus

  2. Patent foramen ovale

  3. Ventricular septal defect

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital disorder in the heart, wherein a neonate's ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth. 

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a hole between the left and right atria (upper chambers) of the heart. 
Ventricular septal defect is a hole in the wall, that separates the right and left ventricles of the heart. It is a most common congenital heart defect.

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Acetyl choline causes

  1. Bradycardia

  2. Tachycardia

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

As the body fluids and tissues are good conductors of electricity, the electrical activity within the heart can be detected by attaching electrodes to the surface of the body. The pattern of electrical activity may be displayed on an oscilloscope screen or traced on paper. The apparatus used is an electrocardiograph and the tracing is an electrocardiogram (ECG). The normal ECG tracing shows five waves which, by convention, have been named P, Q, R, S and T. The standard ECG originates from the SA node and is known as sinus rhythm. The rate of sinus rhythm is 60 to 100 beats per minute. A faster heart rate is called tachycardia and a slower heart rate, bradycardia. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter of parasympathetic system of nerves and slows down heart rate.

Multiple choice evs transportation in living organisms circulatory system and organs blood and blood vessels circulatory system blood pressure

The left auricle opens into left ventricle through an aperture guarded by

  1. Tricuspid valve

  2. Bisuspid valve

  3. Mitral valve

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Bicuspid valve is another name for mitral valve. This valve is the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart. It is composed of two triangular flaps, that is located between the left atrium and left ventricle and regulates blood flow between these chambers. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice evs transportation in living organisms circulatory system and organs blood and blood vessels circulatory system blood pressure

Foramen ovale

  1. Connects the two atria in the foetal heart

  2. Connects pulmonary trunk and aorta in foetus

  3. ls condition in which heart valves do not completely close

  4. Is a shallow depression in the inter-ventricular septum.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The foramen ovale is an opening in the interatrial septum of the fetal heart that allows blood to bypass the non-functional fetal lungs by flowing directly from the right atrium to the left atrium.

Multiple choice evs transportation in living organisms circulatory system and organs blood and blood vessels circulatory system blood pressure

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Systole refers to the contraction of:

  1. major arteries

  2. SA node

  3. atria and ventricles

  4. all of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The systole is the rhythmic contraction of the chambers of the heart (Atria and Ventricles) and diastole is the rhythmic relaxation of the chambers of the heart. The events occurring during one heartbeat is known as the cardiac cycle. During this cycle, the auricles and the ventricles of the heart rhythmically contract and relax.

So, the correct option is 'Atria and ventricles'.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

The inhibitory effect of vagus nerve on the heart is due to the secretion of 

  1. Acetylcholine

  2. Norepinephrine

  3. Glycine

  4. Dopamine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The autonomous nervous system controls the heartbeat rate via the cardioregulatory centre in the medulla oblongata. The emergency conditions activate the sympathetic motor nerve and make the adrenal medulla to release epinephrine and norepinephrine which in turn increase the heartbeat rate. On the other hand, vagus nerve conducts the parasympathetic motor impulses which in turn slow down the heartbeat rate by the effect of acetylcholine; a neurotransmitter released by the parasympathetic nervous system. Glycine and dopamine are neurotransmitters of the central nervous system while the heartbeat rate is controlled by an autonomous nervous system; a division of peripheral nervous system. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

If parasympathetic nerve of the human is cut then heart beat -

  1. Unaffected

  2. Decreases

  3. Increases

  4. Stop
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
The parasympathetic nerve with spinal ganglionic nerves mediates the lowering of the heart rate. So if the parasympathetic nerve of human is cut or damaged it will result in an increase of heart rate which will result in an increase in heartbeat per minute.
So, the correct answer is 'Increase'
Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

If parasympathetic nerve of the rabbit is cut, then heart beat

  1. Remains unaffected

  2. Decreases

  3. Increases

  4. Stops
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

If parasympathetic nerve of the rabbit is cut, the most immediate effect would be an increase in heart rate. Also, the regulation of heart rate, contractile state, and conduction of electrical impulses through the heart would be impaired. The reason for the observed effects is that the vagus nerve carries important information to the heart from a part of the central nervous system called the parasympathetic nervous system. The parasympathetic nervous system is often considered the "rest and digest" system. It decreases heart rate, decreases how strongly the heart contracts with each beat, and decreases the rate at which electrical impulses are conducted through the heart.