Biology · Chemistry

Carbohydrates and Biomolecules

1,073 Questions

Carbohydrates and biomolecules questions test your understanding of sugars, monosaccharides, and metabolic substrates. The topic covers food transportation in plants and the biochemical properties of sweeteners. Practicing these questions builds a strong foundation for exam preparation.

Disaccharides and monosaccharidesArtificial sweetenersGlycogen storagePlant food transportGlycoprotein hormones

Carbohydrates and Biomolecules Questions

Multiple choice

Aspartame is an artificial sweetener sold in the market. It consists of amino acids and provides calories like other amino acids. Yet, it is used as a low-calorie sweetening agent in food items. What is the basis of this use?

  1. Aspartame is a s sweet as table sugar, but unlike table sugar, it is not readily oxidized in human body due to lack of requisite enzymes.

  2. When aspartame is used in food processing, the sweet taste remains, but it becomes resistant to oxidation.

  3. Aspartame is as sweet as sugar, but after investigation into the body , it is converted into metabolites that yield no calories.

  4. Aspartame is several times sweeter than table sugar, hence food items made with small quantities of aspartame yield fewer calories on oxidation.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Aspartame, an artificial sweetener, is approximately 200 times sweeter than sucrose, or table sugar. Due to this property, even though aspartame produces four kilocalories of energy per gram when metabolized, the quantity of aspartame needed to produce a sweet taste is so small that its caloric contribution is negligible.

Multiple choice

The database contains a classification and associated information about enzymes involved in the synthesis, metabolism, and transport of carbohydrates is ..........................

  1. Ensembl

  2. HPRD

  3. UniProt

  4. CAZy

  5. GSS
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

CAZy is a database of Carbohydrate-Active enZYmes (CAZymes). The database contains a classification and associated information about enzymes involved in the synthesis, metabolism, and transport of carbohydrates.

Multiple choice

In humans which biological component is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and the muscles, and functions as the secondary long-term energy storage?

  1. Glycogen

  2. Starch

  3. Cellulose

  4. Glucose

  5. Fructose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi. In humans, glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and the muscles, and functions as the secondary long-term energy storage.

Multiple choice

Which sugar acid will be produced when a monosaccharide is treated with mild oxidising agent?

  1. Saccharic acid

  2. Uronic acid

  3. Aldonic acid

  4. Gluconic acid

  5. Carboxylic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

An aldonic acid is any of a family of sugar acids obtained by oxidation of the aldehyde functional group of an aldose to form a carboxylic acid functional group.  Thus, their general chemical formula is HOOC-(CHOH)n-CH2OH. Oxidation of the terminal hydroxyl group instead of the terminal aldehyde yields a uronic acid, while oxidation of both terminal ends yields an aldaric acid.

Multiple choice

Which of the following are a pair of epimers?

  1. Glucose and fructose

  2. Glucose and mannose

  3. Sorbose and fructose

  4. Allose and mannose

  5. Fructose and galactose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

When two sugars differ only in the configuration around one carbon atom, they are called epimers of each other; D-glucose and D-mannose, which differ only in the stereochemistry at C-2, are epimers.