Biology · Chemistry

Carbohydrates and Biomolecules

986 Questions

Carbohydrates and biomolecules questions test your understanding of sugars, monosaccharides, and metabolic substrates. The topic covers food transportation in plants and the biochemical properties of sweeteners. Practicing these questions builds a strong foundation for exam preparation.

Disaccharides and monosaccharidesArtificial sweetenersGlycogen storagePlant food transportGlycoprotein hormones

Carbohydrates and Biomolecules Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following are a pair of epimers?

  1. Glucose and fructose

  2. Glucose and mannose

  3. Sorbose and fructose

  4. Allose and mannose

  5. Fructose and galactose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

When two sugars differ only in the configuration around one carbon atom, they are called epimers of each other; D-glucose and D-mannose, which differ only in the stereochemistry at C-2, are epimers.

Multiple choice

Glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid contains:

  1. glucuronic acid and N- acetylglucosamine

  2. amylose and amylopectin

  3. α1-4 linked glucose

  4. n-acetyl-D-glucosamine

  5. glucose in β1-4 glycosidic linkages
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid contains glucoronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine.

Multiple choice

Why glucose molecules are not stored in monomeric form?

  1. Glucose changes the pH of cytoplasmic fluid.

  2. Glucose cannot be dissolved in cytoplasmic fluid.

  3. Glucose molecule increases the osmolarity of the cell.

  4. Glucose molecule decreases the osmolarity of the cell.

  5. Glucose molecules degrade rapidly.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Glucose molecules dissolve in the cytoplasmic fluid, and thereby the osmolarity of the cytoplasmic fluid increases prohibitively.

Multiple choice

Which heteropolysaccharide serves as lubricant in the synovial fluid of the joints?

  1. Heparin

  2. Peptidoglycan

  3. Hyaluronate

  4. Heparan sulphate

  5. Proteoglycans
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The glycosaminoglycans hyaluronic acid(hyaluronate at physiological pH)contains alternating residues of D-glucoronic acid and N-acetyl glucosamine. Hyaluronates  have molecular weights grater than 1 million, they form clear, highly viscous solutions.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a mannose - binding lectin?

Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that are highly specific for sugar moieties, particularly, the high specificity of plant lectins for foreign glycoconjugates. Lectins serve a wide variety of cell-cell recognition, signalling and adhesion processes and intracellular  targeting of newly syntheisized proteins. Most lectins do not possess enzymatic activity and are not produced naturally by the immune system. They may bind to a soluble carbohydrate or to a carbohydrate moiety that is a part of aglycoproteinor glycolipid. They typically agglutinate certain animal cells and/or precipitate glycoconjugates.

  1. Peanut agglutinin

  2. Wheat germ agglutinin

  3. Concanavalin A

  4. Jacalin

  5. Elderberry lectin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

It is the first lectin to be purified on a large scale, recognizes hydrolytic enzymes containing mannose-6-phosphate, and targets these proteins for delivery to the lysosome. 

Multiple choice

With reference to diabetes, which among the following means levulose?

  1. Fructose

  2. Common sugar

  3. Galactose

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fructose is one of the sweetest of all sugars and is combined with glucose to make sucrose, galactose or common table sugar. An older common name for fructose is levulose, after its levorotatory property of rotating plane polarized light to the left (in contrast to glucose which is dextrorotatory).

Multiple choice

Match the following carbohydrates with their use in the food processing:

 
P. High amylose starch 1. White sauces in cook freeze operations
Q. Pectin 2. Edible film for wrapping candies
R. Starch phosphates 3. As humectant in confectionary
S. Glucose 4. Setting agent in jams and jellies

  1. P – 1, Q – 2, R – 4, S – 3

  2. P – 2, Q – 4, R – 1, S – 3

  3. P – 3, Q – 1, R – 2, S – 4

  4. P – 4, Q – 3, R – 1, S – 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

High amylose starch (P-1) for sauces, Pectin (Q-4) for jams, Starch phosphates (R-2) for films, Glucose (S-3) as humectant.

Multiple choice plant kingdom biology

Laminarin and mannitol, the reserve food of brown algae, are

  1. lipids

  2. complex carbohydrates

  3. proteins

  4. lipoproteins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The food in the members of Phaeophyceae is stored as complex carbohydrates in the form of laminarin or mannitol.

Multiple choice

Aerated sugar (sugar in the air) is...

  1. Carcinogenic

  2. Flamable

  3. Isotopic

  4. Buoyant
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Finely powdered sugar suspended in air creates a dust explosion hazard, making it highly flammable. This is a known risk in industrial food processing.

Multiple choice botany photosynthesis types of chlorophyll pigments photosynthetic pigments

Reserve food material in plants is in form is _______.

  1. Cellulose

  2. Starch

  3. Pectin

  4. Sucrose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Plants is the kingdom of organisms that possess chlorophyll. They synthesis their food by the process called photosynthesis. Starch is synthesized during the process of photosynthesis and stored as reserved food material.

Multiple choice

C6H12O6 stands for what?

  1. glucose

  2. fructose

  3. air

  4. water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

C6H12O6 is the chemical formula for glucose, a simple sugar produced by plants during photosynthesis.

Multiple choice

What is a plant's food?

  1. fructose

  2. glucose

  3. sugar

  4. Nutrasweet
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Plants produce glucose, which is a type of sugar, to serve as their primary energy source.