Biology · Chemistry

Carbohydrates and Biomolecules

986 Questions

Carbohydrates and biomolecules questions test your understanding of sugars, monosaccharides, and metabolic substrates. The topic covers food transportation in plants and the biochemical properties of sweeteners. Practicing these questions builds a strong foundation for exam preparation.

Disaccharides and monosaccharidesArtificial sweetenersGlycogen storagePlant food transportGlycoprotein hormones

Carbohydrates and Biomolecules Questions

Multiple choice

Cell wall in fungi is made up of

  1. glucans

  2. chitin

  3. hemicelluose

  4. Both 1 and 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Fungi possess cell walls that are made of the glucosamine polymer chitin and glucans.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is the most resistant known biological material?

  1. Lignin

  2. Hemicellulose

  3. Sporopollenin

  4. Lignocellulose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sporopollenin is one of the most chemically inert biological polymers. It is a major component of the tough outer (exine) walls of plant spores and pollen grains. It is chemically very stable and is usually well preserved in soils and sediments.

Multiple choice

Starch is stored in potato tuber because sugar is

  1. synthesised in the leaf

  2. changed to starch in tuber

  3. transported from leaf to tuber

  4. produced in tuber

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Food is formed in the form of sugar during photosynthesis in plants. Finally, the sugar is converted into starch as it is the storage form of food in plants.

Multiple choice

Aspartame is an artificial sweetener sold in the market. It consists of amino acids and provides calories like other amino acids. Yet, it is used as a low-calorie sweetening agent in food items. What is the basis of this use?

  1. Aspartame is a s sweet as table sugar, but unlike table sugar, it is not readily oxidized in human body due to lack of requisite enzymes.

  2. When aspartame is used in food processing, the sweet taste remains, but it becomes resistant to oxidation.

  3. Aspartame is as sweet as sugar, but after investigation into the body , it is converted into metabolites that yield no calories.

  4. Aspartame is several times sweeter than table sugar, hence food items made with small quantities of aspartame yield fewer calories on oxidation.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Aspartame, an artificial sweetener, is approximately 200 times sweeter than sucrose, or table sugar. Due to this property, even though aspartame produces four kilocalories of energy per gram when metabolized, the quantity of aspartame needed to produce a sweet taste is so small that its caloric contribution is negligible.

Multiple choice

In humans which biological component is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and the muscles, and functions as the secondary long-term energy storage?

  1. Glycogen

  2. Starch

  3. Cellulose

  4. Glucose

  5. Fructose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi. In humans, glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and the muscles, and functions as the secondary long-term energy storage.

Multiple choice

Which sugar acid will be produced when a monosaccharide is treated with mild oxidising agent?

  1. Saccharic acid

  2. Uronic acid

  3. Aldonic acid

  4. Gluconic acid

  5. Carboxylic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

An aldonic acid is any of a family of sugar acids obtained by oxidation of the aldehyde functional group of an aldose to form a carboxylic acid functional group.  Thus, their general chemical formula is HOOC-(CHOH)n-CH2OH. Oxidation of the terminal hydroxyl group instead of the terminal aldehyde yields a uronic acid, while oxidation of both terminal ends yields an aldaric acid.