Biology · Chemistry

Carbohydrates and Biomolecules

986 Questions

Carbohydrates and biomolecules questions test your understanding of sugars, monosaccharides, and metabolic substrates. The topic covers food transportation in plants and the biochemical properties of sweeteners. Practicing these questions builds a strong foundation for exam preparation.

Disaccharides and monosaccharidesArtificial sweetenersGlycogen storagePlant food transportGlycoprotein hormones

Carbohydrates and Biomolecules Questions

Multiple choice evs skeleton and muscular systems human muscular system closer look into muscular system muscles and its types

Blood glucose level is not dependent upon muscle glycogen, because of the absence of 

  1. Phosphorylase

  2. Branching enzyme

  3. Glucose-6-phosphatase

  4. Aldolase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Stores of readily available glucose to supply the tissues with an oxidizable energy source are found principally in the liver, as glycogen. 

Glycogen is a polymer of glucose residues, linked by (1,4)- and -(1,6)-glycosidic bonds. A second major source of stored glucose is the glycogen of skeletal muscle. 
However, muscle glycogen is not generally available to other tissues, because muscle lacks the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase. 
Glucose-6-phosphatase enzyme catalyses the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to glucose. So, Blood glucose level is not dependent upon muscle glycogen.

Multiple choice biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

Which of the following is the characteristic of plants ________________.

  1. Glucose and cellulose

  2. Pyruvic acid and glucose

  3. Cellulose and starch

  4. Starch and pyruvic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cellulose is a structural polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plants.

Plant cell wall is required not only for the structure to determine the actual shape of cells and functional properties to control inner and outer cellular communication but also for overall growth and tree expansion. Cellulose is the most significant component of plant cell walls. 
Starch is an energy storage polysaccharide found in plants.Plants need energy to grow.They use energy from sunlight to make a simple sugar, glucose.Plants make polymers - starch - out of extra glucose,so it's right there when they need it.

Multiple choice chemistry mix and separate different types of solutions various mixtures introduction to solutions

Sugar is soluble in water due to:

  1. high solvation energy.

  2. ionic character of sugar.

  3. high dipole moment of water.

  4. hydrogen bond formation with water.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

 The bond between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms ($O–H$ bond) in sugar (sucrose) gives the oxygen a slight negative charge and the hydrogen a slight positive charge.Sucrose is a polar molecule.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life food spoilage and food preservation methods of preserving food chemicals in food

The sweeteners value of aspartame in comparison to cane sugar is:

  1. 550

  2. 100

  3. 600

  4. 2000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Sugar substitutes are substances that are used in place of sweeteners with sugar (sucrose) or sugar alcohols. They may also be called artificial sweeteners.
  • Natural sweeteners add to calorie intake and therefore many people prefer to use artificial sweeteners.
  • Aspartame is the most successful and widely used artificial sweetener. It is roughly 100 times as sweet as cane sugar. It is methyl ester of dipeptide formed from aspartic acid and phenylalanine. Use of aspartame is limited to cold foods and soft drinks because it is unstable at cooking temperature.
Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life food spoilage and food preservation methods of preserving food chemicals in food

Name two $\alpha$-amino acids, which form a dipeptide, which is 100 times more sweet than cane sugar?

  1. Aspartic acid

  2. Alanine

  3. Serine

  4. Phenylalanine

  5. Tryptophan
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,D Correct answer
Explanation

Aspartame is the artificial sweetener, which is 100 times more sweet than cane sugar. It is methyl ester of dipeptide formed from aspartic acid and phenylalanine.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life food spoilage and food preservation methods of preserving food chemicals in food

Sugar is the main source of energy as it produces energy on metabolic decomposition. But these days low calorie drinks are more popular.

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Ambiguous

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sugar does produce energy through metabolic decomposition (approximately 4 kcal/g), which is true. The popularity of low-calorie drinks is also an observable market trend. However, framing these as connected facts makes for an odd true/false question.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life food spoilage and food preservation methods of preserving food chemicals in food

Which of the following are artificial sweeteners?

  1. Sodium benzoate

  2. Saccharin

  3. Galactose

  4. Aspartame
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B,D Correct answer
Explanation

For diabetic patients, sugar cannot be used as a sweetening agent. Artificial sweetening agents that are non-nutritive in nature are used as substituents for sugar (specially in soft drinks). 


Examples are saccharin (500 times sweeter than sucrose) and cyclamates. Aspartame (160 times sweeter than sucrose), another artificial sweetener is the methyl ester of the dipeptide aspartyl phenylalanine.

So, the correct options are B and D.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life food spoilage and food preservation methods of preserving food chemicals in food

Which of the following is/are examples of artificial sweetener?

  1. Sucralose

  2. Saccharin

  3. Neotame

  4. Aspartame
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B,C,D Correct answer
Explanation

Artificial sweeteners are used in one of two ways. They may be used directly in commercially processed foods, or they are mixed with one or more starch-based sweeteners before sale to consumers. Artificial sweeteners are so intensely sweet that dextrose or maltodextrin, or both, must be added to dilute their intense sweetness in order to imitate the sweetness of a sugar. Artificial sweeteners can not be sold directly to consumers since only infinitesimally small amounts are required to mimic sugar’s sweet taste. All of the given compounds are artificial sweeteners.

Multiple choice evs sources of food food of animals animal and their eating habit classification of animals on the basis of food

Which of the following component is maximum in honey?

  1. Glucose

  2. Sucrose

  3. Ash

  4. Fructose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
About 82% of honey is formed of carbohydrates.  Of it the composition is mostly of the monosaccharides fructose (38.2%) and glucose (31.3%), and disaccharides are approximately around 9%. About 4.2% oligosaccharides are also present.
So, the correct option is 'Fructose'.
Multiple choice evs food and health effect on general health diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diet, drugs and disease

Polysaccharides such as lignin, cellulose, hemi-cellulose and pectin though do not supply energy but are important fibrous component of our body.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The main components of dietary fiber are derived from the cell walls of plant material in the diet and comprise cellulose, hemi-cellulose and pectin (the non-starch polysaccharides). Lignin, a non-carbohydrate component of the cell wall is also often included. Dietary fiber is a term which is felt to be valuable for the consumer who looks upon this as a healthy component of the diet. At the present time, there is no consensus as to which components of carbohydrate should be included as dietary fiber and different authors have variously included non-starch polysaccharides and resistant starch.

So, the correct option is 'True'.

Multiple choice biology the leaf mechanism of absorption mineral absorption significance of transpiration

Carbohydrates, the most abundant biomolecules on earth are produced by

  1. Some bacteria, algae and green plants

  2. Fungi, algae and green plants

  3. All bacteria, fungi and algae

  4. Viruses, fungi and bacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Carbohydrate synthesis occurs through photosynthesis Chloroplasts are the green plastids which occur in all the green parts of the plants. They are the actual site of photosynthesis. 

Cyanobacteria and other photosynthetic bacteria do not possess chloroplasts. However, the photosynthetic pigments of these organisms are located on thylakoids which lie freely in the cytoplasm.
The algae also contain the chloroplasts to perform the photosynthesis.
Fungi are either saprophytic, symbiotic or parasitic organisms. Viruses are parasitic.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Some bacteria, algae and green plants'.

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents functions and principal sources of lipids chemical organization in living beings lipids
Choose the correct combination:

$a$ Fatty acid $1.$ Glutamic acid
$b$ Phospholipid $2.$ Tryptophan
$c$ Aromatic Amino Acid $3.$ Lecithin
$d$ Acidic Amino Acid $4.$ Palmitic acid
  1. $a - 1, b - 2, c - 3, d - 4$
  2. $a - 4, b - 3, c - 2, d - 1$
  3. $a - 2, b - 3, c - 4, d - 1$
  4. $a - 3, b - 4, c - 1, d - 2$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

a) Palmitic acid is a saturated fatty acid. Its chemical formula is CH$ _3$(CH$ _2$)$ _{14}$COOH. Meat, cheese and diary products are the main source of the palmitic acid. It was first discovered in saponified palm oil. Excess carbohydrate in the body is converted into palmitic acid. 

b) Lecithin is an essential phospholipid which is present in the body. It is composed of choline, fatty acids, glycerol, glycolipids, phospholipids, phosphoric acid and triglycerides.
c) Tryptophan is a aromatic amino acid which acts as a precursor to the neurotransmitter. It helps in biosynthesis of proteins. It also helps in the synthesis of niacin and auxin.
d) Glutamic acid is an acidic amino acid which acts as a important neurotransmitter.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents functions and principal sources of lipids chemical organization in living beings lipids

Match the column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.

 Sr. No  Column I  Sr.No  Column II
 A.  Fats made of three fatty acid chain attached to glycerol   (i)  Glycogen 
 B.  Glycolysis metabolic made from glycerol   (ii)  Glyceraldehyde 
 C.  Storage form of glucose  (iii)   Triglycerides
 D.  the common respiratory substrate of glycolysis  (iv)  Glucose

  1. A-(iv),B(ii),C(i),D(iii)

  2. A-(iii),B(ii),C(i),D(iv)

  3. A-(iv),B(iii),C(i),D(ii)

  4. A-(i),B(ii),C(iii),D(iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
 Column I  Column II
 A.Fats made of three fatty acid chain attached to glycerol iii)Triglycerides
B. Glycolysis metabolic made from glycerol  ii) Glyceraldehyde
 C. Storage form of glucose  i) Glycogen 
 D. common respiratory substrate for glycolysis iv) glucose 

So, the correct option is 'A-(iii),B(ii),C(i),D(iv)'.