Biology · Chemistry

Carbohydrates and Biomolecules

1,073 Questions

Carbohydrates and biomolecules questions test your understanding of sugars, monosaccharides, and metabolic substrates. The topic covers food transportation in plants and the biochemical properties of sweeteners. Practicing these questions builds a strong foundation for exam preparation.

Disaccharides and monosaccharidesArtificial sweetenersGlycogen storagePlant food transportGlycoprotein hormones

Carbohydrates and Biomolecules Questions

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life food spoilage and food preservation methods of preserving food chemicals in food

Name two $\alpha$-amino acids, which form a dipeptide, which is 100 times more sweet than cane sugar?

  1. Aspartic acid

  2. Alanine

  3. Serine

  4. Phenylalanine

  5. Tryptophan
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,D Correct answer
Explanation

Aspartame is the artificial sweetener, which is 100 times more sweet than cane sugar. It is methyl ester of dipeptide formed from aspartic acid and phenylalanine.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life food spoilage and food preservation methods of preserving food chemicals in food

Sugar is the main source of energy as it produces energy on metabolic decomposition. But these days low calorie drinks are more popular.

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Ambiguous

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sugar does produce energy through metabolic decomposition (approximately 4 kcal/g), which is true. The popularity of low-calorie drinks is also an observable market trend. However, framing these as connected facts makes for an odd true/false question.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life food spoilage and food preservation methods of preserving food chemicals in food

Which of the following are artificial sweeteners?

  1. Sodium benzoate

  2. Saccharin

  3. Galactose

  4. Aspartame
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B,D Correct answer
Explanation

For diabetic patients, sugar cannot be used as a sweetening agent. Artificial sweetening agents that are non-nutritive in nature are used as substituents for sugar (specially in soft drinks). 


Examples are saccharin (500 times sweeter than sucrose) and cyclamates. Aspartame (160 times sweeter than sucrose), another artificial sweetener is the methyl ester of the dipeptide aspartyl phenylalanine.

So, the correct options are B and D.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life food spoilage and food preservation methods of preserving food chemicals in food

Which of the following is/are examples of artificial sweetener?

  1. Sucralose

  2. Saccharin

  3. Neotame

  4. Aspartame
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B,C,D Correct answer
Explanation

Artificial sweeteners are used in one of two ways. They may be used directly in commercially processed foods, or they are mixed with one or more starch-based sweeteners before sale to consumers. Artificial sweeteners are so intensely sweet that dextrose or maltodextrin, or both, must be added to dilute their intense sweetness in order to imitate the sweetness of a sugar. Artificial sweeteners can not be sold directly to consumers since only infinitesimally small amounts are required to mimic sugar’s sweet taste. All of the given compounds are artificial sweeteners.

Multiple choice evs sources of food food of animals animal and their eating habit classification of animals on the basis of food

Which of the following component is maximum in honey?

  1. Glucose

  2. Sucrose

  3. Ash

  4. Fructose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
About 82% of honey is formed of carbohydrates.  Of it the composition is mostly of the monosaccharides fructose (38.2%) and glucose (31.3%), and disaccharides are approximately around 9%. About 4.2% oligosaccharides are also present.
So, the correct option is 'Fructose'.
Multiple choice evs food and health effect on general health diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diet, drugs and disease

Polysaccharides such as lignin, cellulose, hemi-cellulose and pectin though do not supply energy but are important fibrous component of our body.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The main components of dietary fiber are derived from the cell walls of plant material in the diet and comprise cellulose, hemi-cellulose and pectin (the non-starch polysaccharides). Lignin, a non-carbohydrate component of the cell wall is also often included. Dietary fiber is a term which is felt to be valuable for the consumer who looks upon this as a healthy component of the diet. At the present time, there is no consensus as to which components of carbohydrate should be included as dietary fiber and different authors have variously included non-starch polysaccharides and resistant starch.

So, the correct option is 'True'.

Multiple choice biology the leaf mechanism of absorption mineral absorption significance of transpiration

Carbohydrates, the most abundant biomolecules on earth are produced by

  1. Some bacteria, algae and green plants

  2. Fungi, algae and green plants

  3. All bacteria, fungi and algae

  4. Viruses, fungi and bacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Carbohydrate synthesis occurs through photosynthesis Chloroplasts are the green plastids which occur in all the green parts of the plants. They are the actual site of photosynthesis. 

Cyanobacteria and other photosynthetic bacteria do not possess chloroplasts. However, the photosynthetic pigments of these organisms are located on thylakoids which lie freely in the cytoplasm.
The algae also contain the chloroplasts to perform the photosynthesis.
Fungi are either saprophytic, symbiotic or parasitic organisms. Viruses are parasitic.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Some bacteria, algae and green plants'.

Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport in the phloem of plants vascular tissue permanent tissue

Plant transfers glucose in the form of sucrose in order to

  1. Increase energy storage

  2. Provide efficient energy transfer

  3. Remove it in between reactions

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Starch and sucrose are more efficient forms in which the energy can be stored when compared to glucose. The starch is not soluble in water. Hence, the sucrose which is soluble in water is the form which is used for transport. This structural form increases the efficient energy transfer. Sucrose is not as reactive as glucose. This helps to prevent the chemical reactions which can convert the sucrose while transport. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport in the phloem of plants vascular tissue permanent tissue

Phloem transports sugar in the form of

  1. Glucose

  2. Sucrose

  3. Cellulose

  4. Starch
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Sugars are synthesized as glucose and fructose, translocated as sucrose and stored as starch for long-term storage in plants. Translocation of organic nutrients from the region of source or supply to the region of utilization is mostly in the form of sucrose. Sucrose is water soluble and more efficient in energy storage as compared to the glucose and fructose as well as glucose is more reactive and hence, phloem transports sugar in the form of sucrose.

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice evs nutrition and its deficiency general functions of food nutrition and its need in plants nutrition and its need

Our food mainly contains

  1. Carbohydrates

  2. Cellulose

  3. Sucrose

  4. Glucose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Carbohydrates are the major energy yielding macromolecules. Our food mainly consists of carbohydrates. The carbohydrates can be simple monosaccharides or disaccharides or complex polysaccharides. Cellulose, glucose, sucrose, starch are all various types of carbohydrates.

Multiple choice botany caskets of life the cell structure multicellular organisms number and shape of cells

In the presence of glucose and lactose. Escherichia coli utilizes glucose. However, lactose also enters the cells because.

  1. low level of permease is always present in the cell

  2. it uses the same transporter as glucose

  3. it diffuses through the bacterial cell membrane

  4. it is transported through porins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Even when glucose is preferred, a basal, low level of lactose permease is constitutively expressed in E. coli, allowing some lactose to enter the cell to induce the lac operon.