Biology · Chemistry

Carbohydrates and Biomolecules

1,073 Questions

Carbohydrates and biomolecules questions test your understanding of sugars, monosaccharides, and metabolic substrates. The topic covers food transportation in plants and the biochemical properties of sweeteners. Practicing these questions builds a strong foundation for exam preparation.

Disaccharides and monosaccharidesArtificial sweetenersGlycogen storagePlant food transportGlycoprotein hormones

Carbohydrates and Biomolecules Questions

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

Which among the following is the most common monomer of carbohydrate?

  1. Glucose

  2. Fructose

  3. Sucrose

  4. Maltose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Most common monomer used in polysaccharides is glucose. For example, starch, cellulose, glycogen all are polymers derived from glucose. Plants synthesize carbohydrates as glucose or fructose and store in other form like starch. The type of linkage between glucose molecules is different in storage and structural polysaccharides. The linkage in storage polysaccharides is $\alpha$- whereas $\beta$-linkage is present between glucose molecules in structural polysaccharides.

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

The enzyme which hydrolyses starch to maltose is

  1. Lactase

  2. Protease

  3. Maltase

  4. Amylase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Hydrolases catalyse hydrolytic reactions. Some of the important hydrolases includes amylases, sucrase, lactase, maltase, protease, esterase etc. 

Amylase catalyze hydrolysis of starch (polysaccharide form of glucose) into maltose (disaccharide of glucose).

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

Which of the following is a disaccharide?

  1. Glucose

  2. Lactose

  3. Starch

  4. Galactose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Disaccharides are oligosaccharides which are formed by condensation of two monosaccharides. Lactose is a disaccharide. It is made up of two hexose molecules, glucose, and galactose. Lactose is also known as milk sugar because it is found in milk. It is a reducing sugar. Thus, the correct answer is B

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

Which of the following sugars cannot be hydrolysed further to yield simple sugars?

  1. Ribose

  2. Maltose

  3. Sucrose

  4. Lactose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Carbohydrates which cannot be hydrolyzed further into smaller components are called monosaccharides or simple sugar. Ribose is a sugar which cannot be hydrolyzed further as it is a smaller sugar with 5 carbon. Maltose, Sucrose, and Lactose are complex sugar which can be hydrolyzed into a smaller unit of sugars. Thus, the correct option is A.

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

Which one of the following is not an oligosaccharide?

  1. Insulin

  2. Maltose

  3. Sucrose

  4. Raffinose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Insulin is a peptide hormone which helps to maintain the blood sugar level. it is secreted by the beta cells of pancreas.

Maltose is the a disaccharide which is formed by the linkage of alpha 1,4 glucose molecules. It is digested by enzyme maltase. It acts on the glycosidic bonds of the maltose and converts into simpler compounds.
Sucrose is formed by the glycosidic linkage between glucose and fructose. The bond is formed between the between C$ _1$on the glucosyl subunit and C$ _2$ on the fructosyl unit. 

Raffinose is a trisaccharide which is made up of galactose, glucose, and fructose. The enzyme α-galactosidase hydrolyses the raffinose to  D-galactose and sucrose.
So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

Which of the following groups contains all polysaccharides?

  1. Glycogen, sucrose and maltose

  2. Sucrose, glucose and fructose

  3. Maltose, lactose and fructose

  4. Glycogen, cellulose and starch
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The complex carbohydrates which are formed by polymerization of a large number of monosaccharides(more than 9 ). They are also known as glycans. Sucrose, Lactose, and maltose are disaccharides. Glucose and fructose are monosaccharides. Glycogen, cellulose, and starch are polysaccharides. Thus, the correct answer is D.

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

Which is structural polysaccharide?

  1. Glycogen

  2. Chitin

  3. Keratin

  4. Pectin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Chitin is the most abundant organic substance. It is a complex carbohydrate which is found in fungal walls as a structural component. It is also called as fungal cellulose. It provides strength and elasticity. Thus, the correct answer is B.

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

Select the correct answer from the following statemets
1. Cutin is fatty acid polymer
2. Starch is glucose polymer
3. Sucrose is monosaccharide
4. Maltose is polymer of fructose.

  1. 1, 2, 3 are correct

  2. 1 and 2 are correct

  3. 2 and 4 are correct

  4. 1 and 3 are correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cutin is a polymer of glycerol and certain types of fatty acids. It is an integral part of the cuticle of the leaf. 

Starch is formed by a-1,4 linkages between two glucose unit which is broken down during its digestion. It exist in two forms known as amylose and amylopectin. Amylose is a linear poly-D-glucose in which the monosaccharides are connected by alpha 1, 4 linkages. Amylopectin is has alpha 1, 4-glycosidic linkages with side chain branching of alpha 1,6 linkage.
Sucrose is a disaccharide formed by the glycosidic linkage between glucose and fructose. It can be broken into glucose and fructose by enzyme sucrase.
Maltose is a disaccharide formed by the glycosidic linkage between glucose monomers. It can be hydrolysed to glucose by enzyme maltase.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

Carbohydrates, the most abundant biomolecules on earth, are produced by -

  1. Some bacteria, algae and green plant cells

  2. All bacteria, fungi and algae

  3. Fungi, algae and green plants cells

  4. Viruses, fungi and bacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Green plants produce carbohydrates by the process of photosynthesis by using water, carbon die oxide and solar energy. Apart from this, some bacteria and algae can also produce carbohydrates in the form of food. 

So, option A is the correct answer. 

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

Which carbohydrate is found in the exoskeleton, of insects and crabs?

  1. Starch

  2. Chitin

  3. Cellulose

  4. Glycogen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Chitin is the substance which is fibrous and made up of the long-chain polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, is a derivative of glucose. It is a major constituent of the exoskeleton of arthropods, crabs and also make the cell wall of fungi.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Chitin'

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

Which of the following is primary metabolite?

  1. Carotenoid

  2. Glucose

  3. Morphine

  4. Cellulose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Primary metabolites are those that are formed during the growth phase and supports in the overall development of cells. E.g., Carbohydrates, vitamins, proteins etc.
  • Secondary metabolites are those which are the end products of primary metabolites and are required for ecological activities of cells. E.g., Carotenoids, morphine etc. 
So, the correct option is 'Glucose'.

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

Which of the following have a glycosidic bond and hydrogen bond respectively?

  1. Polysaccharide and Water

  2. Fat and Polysaccharide

  3. Protein and fat

  4. Fat and Protein
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The glycosidic bond is a bond that holds a carbohydrate molecule with another group, which may or may not be a carbohydrate. Polysaccharides contain several monosaccharides that are linked to one another by glycosidic bonds. In water each water molecule binds four other water molecules by hydrogen bonds. This helps the water molecules to hold together (cohesion of water). 

So, the correct answer is ' Polysaccharide and Water'.