Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

5,038 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice biology plant kingdom alternation of generation in angiosperms alternation of generation angiosperms

Zygote does not undergo immediate reduction division in all, except :

  1. Gymnosperms

  2. Pteridophytes

  3. Bryophytes

  4. Angiosperms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Answer is option C i.e. "Bryophytes"
The zygote does not undergo meiosis immediately in bryophytes to form the sporophyte (a multi-cellular body). Some cells of the sporophyte undergo meiosis to form haploid spores. Spores further germinate to produce the gametophyte.

Multiple choice biology plant kingdom alternation of generation in angiosperms alternation of generation angiosperms

The term prothallus is used for

  1. Stage before thallus

  2. Plant body without differentiation of stem.leaves and roots

  3. Reduced gametophyte

  4. Reduced sporophyte
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In pteridophytes, the spore germinates to form a small, inconspicuous, multicellular, free-living, photosynthetic thallus called a prothallus. This structure represents the reduced gametophyte stage of the plant.

Multiple choice biology plant kingdom alternation of generation in angiosperms alternation of generation angiosperms

Opening of floral buds into flowers, is a type of:

  1. Autonomic movement of growth

  2. Autonomic movement of locomotion

  3. Autonomic movement of variation

  4. Paratonic movement of growth
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The opening of floral buds is a growth-related movement that occurs independently of external stimuli, making it an autonomic movement of growth (specifically a nastic movement).

Multiple choice biology plant kingdom alternation of generation in angiosperms alternation of generation angiosperms

Which one of the following is not a common feature of gametophyte selfincompatibility systems?

  1. Pollen is $3$-celled

  2. Pistil is wet

  3. Rejection reaction occurs in the style

  4. In vitro germination of pollen is easy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In gametophytic self-incompatibility, the pollen is typically 2-celled at the time of shedding, whereas in sporophytic self-incompatibility, the pollen is often 3-celled.

Multiple choice biology plant kingdom alternation of generation in angiosperms alternation of generation angiosperms

Gametophyte self incompatibility does not differ from saprophytic self incompatibility in that.

  1. There is co dominance of self incompatibility alleles
  2. Both give $50\%$ functional. Pollen in pollinations on some other plants

  3. There is breakdown of incompatibility on induction of polyploidy

  4. There is complete failure of seed set on self pollination
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Both gametophytic and sporophytic self-incompatibility systems involve the interaction of alleles that prevent self-fertilization, and both can be overcome by polyploidy, which often leads to the breakdown of the incompatibility reaction.

Multiple choice biology plant kingdom alternation of generation in angiosperms alternation of generation angiosperms

Which of the following is a diploid?

  1. Capsule of moss

  2. Gametophyte. archegonia and egg of moss

  3. Gametophyte, antheridia and sperm of moss

  4. Gametophyte and spore of moss
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Mosses have neither pollen nor flowers and rely on water to carry the male gametes (the sperm) to the female gametes (the eggs). The spore capsules are produced after the sperms have fertilized the eggs. As they are produced after fertilisation, these spore capsules are diploid.

So, the correct option is 'Capsule of moss'.

Multiple choice botany division for growth and reproduction difference between meiosis and mitosis meiosis the origin of cells and cell division

Meiosis not occurs in 

  1. Ovule

  2. Anther

  3. Microsporangia

  4. Shoot tip
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cell division or mitotic division is active in developing embryos and in the shoot tips and roots tips of plants. 

Meiosis is a process that occurs only in specialized tissues of an organism. The end results of the process are the production of gametes (egg and sperm) or spores having half as many chromosomes as the beginning cell. Meiosis divides the chromosome number to half for each gamete. Meiosis occurs in ovules, anther, and microsporangia.
So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice c3, c4 and cam plants photosynthesis in higher plants biology

Which one is false about Kranz anatomy?

  1. It is found in Atriplex

  2. Bundle sheath cells have large chloroplasts and less developed grana

  3. Mesophyll cells have large chloroplasts and more developed grana
  4. The plants with Kranz anatomy have better photosynthetic power than $C _3$ plants.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In Kranz anatomy, bundle sheath cells contain large chloroplasts with well-developed grana (or sometimes reduced), while mesophyll cells have smaller chloroplasts with well-developed grana. The statement that mesophyll cells have large chloroplasts and more developed grana than bundle sheath cells is generally false in the context of C4 specialization.

Multiple choice botany stem - external morphology habit of plants plant classifications type of plants

Underground stems are primarily meant for

  1. Vegetative reproduction

  2. Perennation

  3. Protection from strong light

  4. Anaerobic respiration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Underground stems are primarily modified for perennation, allowing the plant to survive unfavorable conditions, and often for food storage and vegetative propagation.

Multiple choice botany stem - external morphology habit of plants plant classifications type of plants

In one plant, underground stems are modified to store food and in another plant, the stem tendrils develop from axillary buds to help plant climb. They are

  1. Ginger, Cucumber

  2. Carrot, Jasmine

  3. Sweet Potato, Bougainvillea

  4. Opuntia, Eichhornia

  5. Sweet Potato, Mint
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ginger is a rhizome (underground stem for storage), and Cucumber is a plant that uses stem tendrils derived from axillary buds for climbing.