Biology

Antibiotics and Immunity

859 Questions

Prepare for your science sections with these questions on antibiotics and immunity. The hub covers various classes of antibiotics, their sources, and mechanisms of microbial resistance. It also addresses the human antiviral response.

Antibiotic classes and sourcesMicrobial resistance mechanismsAntiviral proteinsDisease treatments

Antibiotics and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice

Bacterial capsule is medically important because the capsule is a

  1. simple cell structure

  2. prokaryotic cell structure

  3. virulent cell structure

  4. avirulent cell structure

  5. complex cell structure
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A bacterial capsule is, in fact, a virulent structure as it imparts virulence to a bacterial cell by helping the cell in attachment, adherence and by avoiding phagocytosis.

Multiple choice

Match the following items given - which represents inhibitors of bacterial protein synthesis and their functions respectively: Column-I Column-II

  1. Streptomycin A. prevents mRNA translocation along ribosome
  2. Tetracycline B. prevents the activity of peptidyl transferase
  3. Erythromycin C. prevents the initiation of translation
  4. Chloramphenicol D. prevents the interaction between mRNA and tRNA
  5. Neomycin E. prevents aminoacyl tRNA binding to ribosome

  1. 1 - A, 2 - B, 3 - C, 4- D, 5 - E

  2. 1- D, 2 - B, 3 - A, 4 - D, 5 - C

  3. 1 - B, 2 - A, 3 - D, 4 - C, 5 - E

  4. 1 - E, 2 - A, 3 - B, 4 - D, 5- C

  5. 1 - C, 2 - E, 3 - A, 4 - B, 5 - D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Streptomycin is powerful translation inhibitor due to antibiotic in polyamine-complement bacteria. Tetracycline particularly binds to 30S ribosome of bacteria inhibiting aminoacyl tRNA binding to RNA-ribosome. Erythromycin prevents protein synthesis by exciting isolation of peptidyl-tRNA from ribosomes. Chloramphenicol binds to 23S rRNA of 50S subunt of bacterial ribosome preventing peptidyl transferase. Neomycin prevents 30S subunit of ribosome by inhibiting the interaction between mRNA and tRNA.

Multiple choice

Antibiotics can destroy

  1. bacteria and viruses

  2. bacteria and fungi

  3. bacteria, fungi and viruses

  4. bacteria and algae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Antibiotics can kill bacteria, fungi and protozoa.

Multiple choice

Chloromycetin is an

  1. antibacterial

  2. antidepressant

  3. antiseptic

  4. analgesic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chloromycetin eye drops (Redidrops) and Chloromycetin eye ointment both contain the active ingredient chloramphenicol, which is a type of medicine called an antibiotic. Antibiotics are used to treat infections caused by bacteria.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

  1. DDT is an antiseptic.

  2. Deodorants are disinfectants.

  3. Antibiotics can be produced synthetically.

  4. Sulphonamides are the most commonly used antibiotics.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Antibiotics can be produced synthetically.  DDT is a disinfectant. Sulphonamides are rarely used now.

Multiple choice

Antibiotics are not required ___________________

  1. for providing protection against the post surgical infections

  2. to produce the antibodies against a specific agent

  3. preservation of food like meat and fish

  4. controlling the plant pathogen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Production of antibodies is induced by vaccines.

Multiple choice

In certain diseases, antibiotics are administered. The object is to

  1. produce toxins against bacteria

  2. stimulate production of white blood cells are fighting the diseases

  3. inhibit the growth of bacteria

  4. stimulate the production of antibodies
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Antibiotics refer to drugs that are used to treat infectious diseases in humans, animals or plants.  They work by inhibiting the growth of or killing microorganisms causing the disease.  Antimicrobials is a broader term that  refers  to any compound, including antibiotics, sanitizers, disinfectants, a number of food preservatives and other substances, that acts to inhibit the growth of or kill microorganisms.

Multiple choice

Which of the following pairs is/are incorrectly matched?

  1. A. Actinomycid D – Anti tumor
  2. Daunorubicin – Anti protosoal
  3. Rifamycin – Anti viral
  4. Griseofluvin – Anti fungal

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2 and 3

  3. Only 3

  4. Only 3 and 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Rifamycin is primarily an antibacterial antibiotic effective against mycobacteria (tuberculosis, leprosy), not an antiviral agent. Actinomycin D is correctly matched as anti-tumor, Daunorubicin as anti-tumor/anti-cancer (not anti-protozoal), and Griseofulvin as anti-fungal. Therefore, only pair 3 (Rifamycin - Anti viral) is incorrectly matched.