Biology

Antibiotics and Immunity

974 Questions

Prepare for your science sections with these questions on antibiotics and immunity. The hub covers various classes of antibiotics, their sources, and mechanisms of microbial resistance. It also addresses the human antiviral response.

Antibiotic classes and sourcesMicrobial resistance mechanismsAntiviral proteinsDisease treatments

Antibiotics and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice

Match the following items given - which represents inhibitors of bacterial protein synthesis and their functions respectively: Column-I Column-II

  1. Streptomycin A. prevents mRNA translocation along ribosome
  2. Tetracycline B. prevents the activity of peptidyl transferase
  3. Erythromycin C. prevents the initiation of translation
  4. Chloramphenicol D. prevents the interaction between mRNA and tRNA
  5. Neomycin E. prevents aminoacyl tRNA binding to ribosome

  1. 1 - A, 2 - B, 3 - C, 4- D, 5 - E

  2. 1- D, 2 - B, 3 - A, 4 - D, 5 - C

  3. 1 - B, 2 - A, 3 - D, 4 - C, 5 - E

  4. 1 - E, 2 - A, 3 - B, 4 - D, 5- C

  5. 1 - C, 2 - E, 3 - A, 4 - B, 5 - D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Streptomycin is powerful translation inhibitor due to antibiotic in polyamine-complement bacteria. Tetracycline particularly binds to 30S ribosome of bacteria inhibiting aminoacyl tRNA binding to RNA-ribosome. Erythromycin prevents protein synthesis by exciting isolation of peptidyl-tRNA from ribosomes. Chloramphenicol binds to 23S rRNA of 50S subunt of bacterial ribosome preventing peptidyl transferase. Neomycin prevents 30S subunit of ribosome by inhibiting the interaction between mRNA and tRNA.

Multiple choice

Antibiotics can destroy

  1. bacteria and viruses

  2. bacteria and fungi

  3. bacteria, fungi and viruses

  4. bacteria and algae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Antibiotics can kill bacteria, fungi and protozoa.

Multiple choice

Chloromycetin is an

  1. antibacterial

  2. antidepressant

  3. antiseptic

  4. analgesic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chloromycetin eye drops (Redidrops) and Chloromycetin eye ointment both contain the active ingredient chloramphenicol, which is a type of medicine called an antibiotic. Antibiotics are used to treat infections caused by bacteria.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following antibiotic is used?

In hybridoma technology for monoclonal Ab production antibiotic is used to select hybridoma cell over myeloma cells.

  1. Gentamycin

  2. Aminopterin

  3. Novobiocin

  4. Penicillin

  5. Rifampicin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Aminopterin is used to select hybridoma over myeloma . Aminoptorine inhibits the denovo nucleotide synthesis pathway . However normal cells survive in a medium as they are able to use salvage pathway for nucleic acid biosynthesis. But if the cell unable to produce the enzyme Hypoxanthine Guanine Phospho Ribosyl –Transferase ( HGPRT ) utilized in salvage pathway, they die. Here in this method, myeoloma cell lack that particular enzyme thus, they die in Aminopterin containing medium.

Multiple choice

Lysol is a mild chemical substance, which when applied on body, kills germs. Under which of the following categories can it be classified?

  1. Disinfectants

  2. Antibiotics

  3. Antiseptics

  4. Vaccines
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Antiseptics are antimicrobial substances applied to living tissue or skin to reduce infection risk. Lysol, when used on the body to kill germs, falls under antiseptics. Disinfectants (A) are for surfaces, antibiotics (B) are systemic medications, and vaccines (D) prevent disease through immunity rather than killing germs directly.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

  1. DDT is an antiseptic.

  2. Deodorants are disinfectants.

  3. Antibiotics can be produced synthetically.

  4. Sulphonamides are the most commonly used antibiotics.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Antibiotics can be produced synthetically.  DDT is a disinfectant. Sulphonamides are rarely used now.

Multiple choice

Antibiotics are not required ___________________

  1. for providing protection against the post surgical infections

  2. to produce the antibodies against a specific agent

  3. preservation of food like meat and fish

  4. controlling the plant pathogen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Production of antibodies is induced by vaccines.