Biology

Antibiotics and Immunity

974 Questions

Prepare for your science sections with these questions on antibiotics and immunity. The hub covers various classes of antibiotics, their sources, and mechanisms of microbial resistance. It also addresses the human antiviral response.

Antibiotic classes and sourcesMicrobial resistance mechanismsAntiviral proteinsDisease treatments

Antibiotics and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice

Which important parts are present in pBR322?

  1. Penicillin--Ori--EcoRI; HindIII, EcoRV, BamHI

  2. Lipramycin--EcoRI; HindIII, EcoRV, BamHI

  3. Cephalosporin--Ori--EcoRI; HindIII, EcoRV, BamHI

  4. amp--tet--Ori--EcoRI; HindIII, EcoRV, BamHI

  5. Ampicillin--terramycin--Ori--EcoRI; HindIII, EcoRV, BamHI
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

--amp--tet-- are ampicillin and tetracycline markers for identification and isolation of transformed cloning vectors.

Multiple choice

Teixobactin was discovered using a new method of culturing bacteria in soil in 2015. Which of the following organisms produces this antibiotic?

  1. Bacillus lentus

  2. Micrococcus roseus

  3. Streptococcus tigurinus

  4. Eleftheria terrae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Eleftheria terrae produces teixobactin. It was previously an unculturable bacterium, which was cultured in the soil. It is active against Staphylococcus aureus or Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Multiple choice

A large outbreak of drug resistant bacteria at Lutheran General Hospital in northeast Illinois occurred in 2014. It was linked to procedures performed at the hospital and infected forty-four patients. Which of the following bacteria were responsible for this outbreak?

  1. Vancomycin-resistant enterobacteriaceae

  2. Carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae

  3. Methicillin-resistant enterobacteriaceae

  4. Oxazolidinone-resistant enterobacteriaceae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The bacteria responsible for the outbreak at Lutheran hospital were Carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae. Carbapenems are often referred to as last-resort antibiotics. These bacteria possessed enzymes which can deactivate Carbapenem, making them resistant to this antibiotic.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding mycoplasma?

  1. Mycoplasmas were discovered by Nocard and Roux (1898).

  2. Mycoplasmas exhibits respiratory metabolism.

  3. Mycoplasmas exhibit pleomorphic morphology.

  4. In mycoplasmas, ribosome is of 70S type.

  5. Mycoplasmas are not affected by penicillin.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer. Mycoplasmas exhibits fermentation metabolism.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is the antiviral protein that is produced by the human body?

  1. Tetracycline

  2. Rifampicin

  3. Thioacetazone

  4. Quinoclones

  5. Interferon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Interferon is the antiviral protein that is produced by the human body. It is released from the infected and dying host cells. On reaching the uninfected cells, interferon makes them resistant to the virus infection. Quinoclone is not the antiviral protein that is produced by the human body. This is a wrong option.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements regarding S. aureus is false?

  1. S. aureus is both a commensal bacterium and a pathogen.

  2. S. aureus can become resistant to flucloxacillin.

  3. S. aureus is an important cause of endocarditis.

  4. S. aureus is a gram-positive coccal bacterium.

  5. S. aureus is transmitted through air droplets or aerosol.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

S. aureus is an important cause of skin, bone and joint infections.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements about gram +ve bacteria is true?

  1. Gram +ve bacteria can be lysed by complement.

  2. They have a particularly thick outer carbohydrate capsule.

  3. Gram +ve bacteria are stained by crystal violet.

  4. They contain endotoxin.

  5. A gram-positive bacterium's cell wall consists of mainly glygozen.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Staining with crystal violet is the means by which bacteria have been classified historically.