Biology

Antibiotics and Immunity

974 Questions

Prepare for your science sections with these questions on antibiotics and immunity. The hub covers various classes of antibiotics, their sources, and mechanisms of microbial resistance. It also addresses the human antiviral response.

Antibiotic classes and sourcesMicrobial resistance mechanismsAntiviral proteinsDisease treatments

Antibiotics and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not an antibiotic?

  1. Penicillin

  2. Streptomycin

  3. Neomycin

  4. Botulism
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Botulism is a serious illness caused by botulinum toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum bacteria - it is not an antibiotic. Penicillin, Streptomycin, and Neomycin are all antibiotics produced by microorganisms that kill or inhibit bacteria. The suffix -cin or -mycin typically indicates antibiotic compounds.

Multiple choice

Which kind of bacteria is called 'cocci'?

  1. Round shaped

  2. Rod shaped

  3. Comma Shaped

  4. Spiral shaped
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cocci are spherical or round-shaped bacteria. The term comes from the Greek word 'kokkos' meaning berry. Different arrangements include staphylococci (clusters), streptococci (chains), and diplococci (pairs). Rod-shaped bacteria are called bacilli, comma-shaped are vibrio, and spiral-shaped are spirilla.

Multiple choice

Which among the following is not an antibiotic?

  1. Ciprofloxacin

  2. Penicillin

  3. Tetracycline

  4. Epinephrine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Epinephrine (also known as adrenaline) is a hormone and a neurotransmitter. Epinephrine has many functions in the body; regulating heart rate, blood vessel and air passage diameters, and metabolic shifts. Epinephrine release is a crucial component of the fight-or-flight response of the sympathetic nervous system.

Multiple choice

Identify the mechanism by which the antibiotic penicillin checks bacterial diseases.

  1. Penicillin blocks the bacterial mitochondria.

  2. Penicillin blocks the bacterial processes that build the bacterial toxin.

  3. Penicillin blocks the bacterial processes that build the cell wall.

  4. Penicillin blocks the bacterial processes that build the ribosomes.

  5. Penicillin blocks the bacterial processes that build the flagella.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Penicillin blocks the bacterial processes that build the cell wall.

Multiple choice

What is the name of the antibiotic that works against bacteria?

  1. Quinine

  2. Penicillin

  3. Chloroquine

  4. Anti-tetanus serum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Penicillin is an antibiotic obtained from the fungus ‘Penicillium notatum’ and it works against bacteria. Quinine and chloroquine are drugs that are used to treat malaria. Anti-tetanus serum is a vaccine used to prevent tetanus.

Multiple choice

It is most difficult to prepare drugs against

  1. bacteria

  2. viruses

  3. fungi

  4. protozoa
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Viruses do not have defined body structures or body physiologies. They use the machinery of host cells and live life on that. Hence, it is difficult to control them because we cannot prepare drugs to arrest any step of their physiology because those drugs will actually affect our own (host) cells and harm us. Hence, it is very difficult to prepare drugs against viruses. On the contrary, the physiologies of bacteria, fungi and protozoa are well known and the reactions are different from host cells. We can easily prepare drugs to attack those specific reactions.

Multiple choice

Which of the following could replace 'antibiotics' as used in the passage?

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and select the most suitable option according to the corresponding number in the passage.

What are Pimples?
Acne known as Pimples is a common disorder developed in teenagers and at times in young adults due to the inflammation of skin, as superficial skin eruption caused by the blockage of skin pores.

W hen dealing with the phenomenon of pimples it is usually youth pimples that come to mind. Youth pimples stand out from pimples in grown ups in that the latter variant is more likely to be accompanied by oily skin. Adults are considered to respond better to treatment with antibiotics than youths. The emergence of acne has its origin in the production of tallow in the skin on one hand, and in the fact that openings of the surface of the skin of sebaceous glands is stopped up, usually by horn cells (skin cells).

  1. analgesics

  2. fungicides

  3. bactericides

  4. virus killing
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Antibiotics fight bacteria; fungicides fight fungus; analgesics are pain relievers.

Multiple choice

Antibiotics kill or stop the growth of microorganisms by blocking or altering their biochemical pathways.

Which of the following diseases cannot be controlled by use of antibiotics?

  1. Tuberculosis

  2. Typhoid

  3. Cholera

  4. Pneumonia

  5. Influenza

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Influenza is caused by virus. Viruses do not have their own biochemical pathways, but depend on host cell mechanisms for their growth. Thus, antibiotics cannot target viruses.  

Multiple choice

The most common microorganism causing subacute bacterial endocarditis, after oral surgical procedure is ____________.

  1. streptococcus viridians

  2. streptococcus mutans

  3. streptococcus aureus

  4. staphylococcus albus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  1. It is also called endocarditis lenta.
    1. It is caused by the streptococcus viridans group, enterococci.
    2. It occurs on damaged valves.
    3. Acute endocarditis-main cause is staphylococcus aureus. Acute endocarditis is more fatal than subacute bacterial endocarditis.