Chemistry · Science General

Alcohols, Ethers and Carboxylic Acids

359 Questions

Alcohols, ethers, and carboxylic acids questions explore organic chemistry reactions, chemical formulas, and compound identifications. The topics cover practical applications like antifreeze production and specific chemical conversions. This material helps candidates preparing for science oriented competitive exams.

Organic reactionsChemical compounds identificationAlcohol conversionCarboxylic acid propertiesIndustrial chemical applications

Alcohols, Ethers and Carboxylic Acids Questions

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Methanol can be distinguished from ethanol by the following except :

  1. Reaction with iodine and alkali
  2. Reaction with salicylic acid and ${ H } _{ 2 }{ SO } _{ 4 }$

  3. Reaction with Lucas reagent

  4. Boiling point
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lucas reagent differentiates between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols based on their reaction rates, but methanol and ethanol both react sluggishly or similarly under standard room conditions, making Lucas reagent ineffective for distinguishing them. The other methods, such as the iodoform test and boiling points, successfully differentiate methanol from ethanol.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

The organic compound which when mixed with ethyl alcohol, [ethanol], makes a spurious is:

  1. methanol

  2. methanoic acid

  3. methanal

  4. ethanoic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Alcohol is used in large qualities to produce alcoholic ilquiors or beverages throughout the world. Excessive drinking of it damages kidney and produces other vices. So, to refrain people from drinking it, government controls its production and supply . This is done by making it unfit for drinking by addituion of poisonous, substances like methanol, action, pyridine, $CuSO _4.$ It is called methylated spirit/denatured alcohol. 

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Methyl alcohol is treated with conc HI and red P. The main product obtained is ?

  1. $CH _3OH$
  2. $CH _4$
  3. $CH _2I _2$
  4. $PH _3$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
$HI$/Red P is one of the strongest reducing agents. So, it reduces all functional groups to yield alkanes. Hence, methanol gives methane.
$CH _{3}OH \, \overset{HI/Red\, P}\rightarrow \,CH _{4}$
Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Which of the following is wood alcohol?

  1. $\displaystyle CH _{3}OH$
  2. $\displaystyle C _{2}H _{5}OH$

  3. 1-Butanol

  4. 2-Methyl -1-propanol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, wood naphtha, methyl hydrate, or wood spirits, is a chemical with the formula CH₃OH.


Methanol acquired the name wood alcohol because it was once produced chiefly by the destructive distillation of wood

Hence, the correct option is $\text{A}$

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Hydrolysis of an ester gives acid A and alcohol B. The acid reduces Fehlings solution. Oxidation of alcohol B gives acid A. The ester is:

  1. Mehthyl formate

  2. Ethyl formate

  3. Methyl acetate

  4. Ethyl acetate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A
A:- HCOOH
B:- $CH _{3}OH$
Therefore the ester is $HCOOCH _{3}$

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Which among the following reactions does not give methyl alcohol?

  1. The reaction of ethylene with ${H} _{2}{SO} _{4}$ at ${80}^{o}C$

  2. The reaction of water gas with hydrogen at high temperature

  3. Alkaline hydrolysis of methyl bromide
  4. Both $A$ and $B$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The reaction of ethylene with ${H} _{2}{SO} _{4}$ at ${80}^{o}C$ gives ethyl hydrogensulphate.
$CH _2=CH _2+H _2SO _4 \rightarrow CH _3CH _2OSO _2OH$
Water gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen) at high temperature gives methanol.
$CO + 2H _2 \rightarrow CH _3OH$.
Alkaline hydrolysis of methyl bromide gives methanol 
$CH _3Br + H _2O \rightarrow CH _3OH + HBr$

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Methanol can be prepared when :

  1. iodomethane is heated with moist silver oxide

  2. iodomethane react with sodium in the presence of ether

  3. both A and B

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Moist Silver oxide 
$Ag _2O + H _2O \rightarrow 2AgOH$
$CH _3-I + AgOH \rightarrow CH _3-OH + AgI$
Therefore, methanol can be prepared when iodomethane is heated with moist silver oxide. 
Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Destructive distillation of wood in the laboratory will result in the formation of :

  1. Ethanol

  2. Methane

  3. Methanol

  4. Butane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Methanol acquired the name "wood spirit" because it was once produced chiefly as a byproduct of the destructive distillation of wood.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Trivial name of methanol is _________ .

  1. wood spirit

  2. methyl alcohol

  3. wood alcohol

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Methanol is known as methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, wood naphtha or wood spirit because it was once produced as a byproduct of the destructive distillation of wood.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Identify the correct sequence of given steps for the conversion of calcium carbide to methyl alcohol.
(a) Reaction with aqueous $KOH$
(b) Hydrolysis
(c) Reaction with soda lime
(d) Reaction with $Ha{SO} _{4}/{H} _{2}{SO} _{4}$
(e) Reaction with $Hg{SO} _{4}$
(f) Reaction with $P{Cl} _{5}$

  1. $b\ d\ e\ c\ f\ a$
  2. $b\ d\ c\ a\ f\ e$
  3. $b\ f\ d\ e\ a\ c$
  4. $d\ b\ c\ e\ f \ a$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Steps for the conversion of calcium carbide to methyl alcohol:
(b) Hydrolysis
(d) Reaction with $Ha{SO} _{4}/{H} _{2}{SO} _{4}$
(e) Reaction with $Hg{SO} _{4}$
(c) Reaction with soda lime
(f) Reaction with $P{Cl} _{5}$
(a) Reaction with aqueous $KOH$
$CaC _2 + 2 H _2O\rightarrow C _2H _2 + Ca(OH) _2 \Rightarrow C _2H _2  + H _2SO _4/ HgSO _4 \rightarrow CH _3CHO
 \Rightarrow CH _3CHO + H _2SO _4\rightarrow CH _3COOH \Rightarrow CH _3COOH + NaOH + CaO \rightarrow CH _3COONa
 \Rightarrow CH _3COONa + PCl _5 \rightarrow CH _3Cl\Rightarrow CH _3Cl + KOH \rightarrow CH _3OH$

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Under suitable condition temperature,pressure and catalyst,methanol can be obtain by:

  1. partial oxidation of hydrocarbons
  2. reacting $H _2$ with $CO$
  3. reacting $H _2$ with $CO _2$

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Partial oxidation of hydrocarbons produces methanol.

$CO + 2H _2O \longrightarrow CH _3OH$
$CO _2 + H _2O \longrightarrow CH _3OH + H _2O$
All the three processes produces mathanol.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

An industrial method for the preparation of methanol is:

  1. by catalytic reduction of carbon monoxide

  2. by reacting methane with steam in presence of a catalyst
  3. by reduction of $HCHO$ with $LiAlH _4$
  4. by reduction of $HCHO$ with aqueous $NaOH$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An industrial method for the preparation of methanol is by catalytic reduction of carbon monoxide.
$ \displaystyle \underset {  \displaystyle  \text { Synthetic gas } }{\underset {  \displaystyle  \text { water gas } }{CO+H _2}+H _2} \xrightarrow [ \text { 300 deg C, pressure }]{Cr _2O _3-ZnO} \underset {  \displaystyle  \text { Methanol } }{CH _3-OH}$

Multiple choice zoology microbes in human welfare commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products

Smack is chemically?

  1. Diacetyl morphine

  2. Diethyl morphine

  3. Ethyl alcohol
  4. $3-4$ Diacetylmorphine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

 Smack is one of the street names of heroin which is chemically diacetylmorphine. It is generally produced by the acetylation of crude morphine and is a narcotic analgesic that is used in the treatment of severe pain. Illicit heroin may be smoked or solubilised with a weak acid and then injected.

So, the correct answer is 'Diacetylmorphine'.