Chemistry · Science General

Alcohols, Ethers and Carboxylic Acids

391 Questions

Alcohols, ethers, and carboxylic acids questions explore organic chemistry reactions, chemical formulas, and compound identifications. The topics cover practical applications like antifreeze production and specific chemical conversions. This material helps candidates preparing for science oriented competitive exams.

Organic reactionsChemical compounds identificationAlcohol conversionCarboxylic acid propertiesIndustrial chemical applications

Alcohols, Ethers and Carboxylic Acids Questions

Multiple choice chemistry carbon compounds some important carbon compounds ethanol and ethanoic acid introduction to alcohols - ethanol

According to this reaction, ethanol is :
2C$ _2$H$ _5$OH + 2Na -----> 2C$ _2$H$ _5$ONa + H$ _2$

  1. Acidic in nature

  2. Basic in anture

  3. Amphoteric

  4. Neutral
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

As ethanol has donated $H^{+}$ it suggests that it has acidic nature. Acid is defined as the substance which has replaceable $H^{+}$ions. In the products side, it has donated and became the reason for the formation of hydrogen molecule. Hence, option A is the correct answer. 

Multiple choice chemistry carbon compounds some important carbon compounds ethanol and ethanoic acid introduction to alcohols - ethanol

Which of the following product is obtained during reaction of ethanoic acid with diazomethane in presence of $dil. HCl$?

  1. Methyl acetate

  2. Ethyl acetate

  3. Methyl formate

  4. Ethyl formate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Methyl acetate is obtained during reaction of ethanoic acid with diazomethane in presence of dil HCl.
$CH _3COOH + CH _2N _2 \xrightarrow {dil HCl} CH _3COOCH _3 + N _2$

Multiple choice chemistry carbon compounds some important carbon compounds ethanol and ethanoic acid introduction to alcohols - ethanol

Ethanol reacts with sodium and forms two products. These are:

  1. sodium ethanoate and hydrogen

  2. sodium ethanoate and oxygen

  3. sodium ethoxide and hydrogen

  4. sodium ethoxide and oxygen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The equation for the reaction between sodium and ethanol can be written as:
$2CH _{3}CH _{2}OH + 2Na \rightarrow 2CH _{3}CH _{2}ONa + H _{2}$
Therefore, the products formed are sodium ethoxide and hydrogen.

Multiple choice chemistry carbon compounds some important carbon compounds ethanol and ethanoic acid introduction to alcohols - ethanol

Write the type of reaction.
Ethanol is warmed with ethanoic acid to form ethyl acetate in the presence of concentrated $H _{2}SO _{4}.$

  1. Esterification reaction

  2. Neutralisation reaction

  3. Decomposition reaction

  4. Double displacement reaction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Reaction of ethanol with warm ethanoic acid to form ethyl acetate(an ester) and water can be written as:
$ C _{2}H _{5}OH +  CH _{3}COOH  \overset{H^{+}}{\rightarrow}   CH _{3}COOC _{2}H _{5}  +  H _{2}O$
(ethanol)      (ethanoic acid)             (ester)
Above reaction is an esterification reaction as an alcohol and an acid are combined to formed an ester. 

Multiple choice chemistry carbon compounds some important carbon compounds ethanol and ethanoic acid introduction to alcohols - ethanol

An organic compound 'A' produces a gas with brisk effervescence when sodium bicarbonate is added to it. The compound 'A' contains same number of carbons as in ethane. The compound 'A' reacts with ethanol to form a sweet smelling compound 'C' in presence of conc. $H _2SO _4$. A and C respectively are :

  1. ethanoic acid and ethyl ethanoate

  2. methanoic acid and ethyl methanoate

  3. ethanoic acid and sodium ethanoate

  4. methanoic acid and sodium methanoate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ethanoic acid reacts with sodium bicarbonate, to form carbon dioxide which produces effervescence as: 


$CH _{3}COOH + NaHCO _{3} \rightarrow CH _{3}COONa + H _{2}O + CO _{2}$ 

Also, ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol to form the ester - ethyl ethanoate as follows: 


$CH _{3}COOH + C _{2}H _{5}OH \overset{conc.\ H _{2}SO _{4}}{\longrightarrow} CH _{3}COOCH _{2}CH _{3} + H _2O$ 

Thus, A is ethanoic acid and C is ethyl ethanoate.

Multiple choice chemistry carbon compounds some important carbon compounds ethanol and ethanoic acid introduction to alcohols - ethanol

Which of the following is a property of ethanol?

  1. Ionic compound

  2. Noble gas

  3. Polar covalent compound

  4. Nonpolar covalent compound

  5. Metallic substance
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

$C _2H _5OH$ has polar covalent $C-O$ bond due to significant electronegativity difference between $C$ and$ O.$ Similarly $O-H$ bond is also polar covalent due to significant electronegativity difference between $O$ and $H$ atoms.
A covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons. When this electron sharing is to an equal extent, the bond is non polar covalent. Otherwise the bond is polar covalent.

Multiple choice chemistry carbon compounds some important carbon compounds ethanol and ethanoic acid introduction to alcohols - ethanol
Name the process for ethanol to ethene conversion and reactants used.
  1. hydrogenation of ethanol in the presence of concentrated $H _{2}SO _{4}.$
  2. dehydration of ethanol in the presence of concentrated $H _{2}SO _{4}.$
  3. oxidation of ethanol in the presence of concentrated $H _{2}SO _{4}.$
  4. reduction of ethanol in the presence of concentrated $H _{2}SO _{4}.$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ethanol can be converted to ethene as:

    $CH _{3}CH _{2}OH \xrightarrow[hot]{conc.H _{2}SO _{4}} CH _{2}= CH _{2} + H _{2}O$

In above reaction, dehydration of ethanol takes place in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid.
Hence, the correct option is B.

Multiple choice chemistry hydrocarbons introduction to alkenes - ethyne acetylene alkynes

Sodium fumarate on Kolbes electrolysis gives :

  1. Ethene

  2. Ethyne

  3. Ethane

  4. Methane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Kolbe's electrolysis of sodium fumarate (a salt of an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid) results in the formation of ethyne (acetylene) due to the elimination of CO2 and formation of a triple bond.

Multiple choice chemistry hydrocarbons introduction to alkenes - ethyne acetylene alkynes

Acetylene may be prepared using Kolbes electrolytic method employing:

  1. Pot. acetate

  2. Pot. succinate

  3. Pot. fumarate

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Acetylene may be prepared using Kolbes electrolytic method employing potassium fumerate. Acetylene is obtained at anode. The solution is basic due to formation of KOH at cathode.
$\displaystyle  (CHCOONa) _2 \xrightarrow {Electrolysis} C _2H _2+2CO _2+2KOH + H _2$

Multiple choice chemistry hydrocarbons introduction to alkenes - ethyne acetylene alkynes

$X+2Zn\overset{Alcohol}{\rightarrow}H-C\equiv C-H$ 


Here X is :

  1. 1, 1-Dibromoethane

  2. 1, 2-Dibromoethane

  3. Dibromo ethane

  4. 1, 1, 2, 2-Tetrachloroethane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is dehalogenation process:


$CHCl _2-CHCl _2+2Zn\overset{Alcohol}{\longrightarrow}H-C\equiv C-H$

Option D is correct.

Multiple choice distinction between pairs of amines organic compounds containing nitrogen organic compounds with functional group containing nitrogen chemistry

The reaction between primary amine, chloroform and few drops of alcoholic KOH is known as: 

  1. Hofmann's reaction

  2. Reimer-Tiemann's reaction

  3. Carbylamine reaction

  4. Kolbe's reaction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Carbylamine reaction:
$C{ H } _{ 3 }C{ H } _{ 2 }N{ H } _{ 2 }+CH{ Cl } _{ 3 }+3KOH\longrightarrow C{ H } _{ 3 }C{ H } _{ 2 }NC+3KCl+3{ H } _{ 2 }O$
It forms isocyanide.
Multiple choice chemistry measurement and data processing and analysis spectroscopic identification of organic compounds materials science introduction superconducting metals and x-ray crystallography

The correct order of the solubility of the different alcohols in water is

  1. n-propyl alcohol > ethyl alcohol >n-butyl alcohol

  2. Ethyl alcohol>n-butyl alcohol>n-propyl alcohol

  3. n-butyl alcohol>n-propyl alcohol>ethyl alcohol

  4. Ethanol>n-propanol>n-butyl alcohol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer