Chemistry · Science General

Alcohols, Ethers and Carboxylic Acids

359 Questions

Alcohols, ethers, and carboxylic acids questions explore organic chemistry reactions, chemical formulas, and compound identifications. The topics cover practical applications like antifreeze production and specific chemical conversions. This material helps candidates preparing for science oriented competitive exams.

Organic reactionsChemical compounds identificationAlcohol conversionCarboxylic acid propertiesIndustrial chemical applications

Alcohols, Ethers and Carboxylic Acids Questions

Multiple choice biology coal, petroleum and petrochemicals carbon cycling mineral coal carbon cycle coal and its products

What chemical reaction makes biodiesel?

  1. transesterification

  2. sublimation

  3. polymerization

  4. fermentation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase, without passing through the intermediate liquid phase.

Polymerization is a process of reacting monomer molecules together in a chemical reaction to form polymer chains.

The chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria, yeasts, or other microorganisms, typically involving effervescence and the giving off of heat is called fermentation.

Transesterification is the process of exchanging the organic group R″ of an ester with the organic group R′ of an alcohol.
The alcohol reacts with the fatty acids to form the mono-alkyl ester (biodiesel) and crude glycerol.

Biodiesel production is the process of producing the biofuel, biodiesel, through the chemical reactions transesterification and esterification. This involves vegetable or animal fats and oils being reacted with short-chain alcohols (typically methanol or ethanol).
Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Which of the following is used as an anti -knocking compound?

  1. TEL
  2. $C _2H _5OH$

  3. Glyoxal

  4. Freon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An anti-knocking agent is the substance which is used to reduce the engine knocking. It increases the octane number of the fuel. It helps in auto-ignition by raising the temperature and pressure. TEL is tetraethyl Lead which is used as an Anti-Knocking compound.

Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

In the liver, alcohol is converted into which toxic substance?

  1. Formic acid

  2. Acetaldehyde

  3. Nicotine

  4. Urea
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

There are 2 ways that alcohol can be processed by your liver. Most alcohol is broken down, or metabolised, by an enzyme in your liver cells known as alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). ADH breaks down alcohol into acetaldehyde and then another enzyme, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), rapidly breaks down acetaldehyde into acetate. The acetate is further metabolised and eventually leaves your body as carbon dioxide and water.

Acetaldehyde is a toxic substance that can cause an unpleasant reaction when it builds up. Symptoms you might experience if your ALDH enzyme does not function properly include flushing of the face, hot sensations, nausea and palpitations (an awareness of your heart beating faster than normal).
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

In liver, alcohol is converted into a more toxic substance called

  1. Acetaldehyde

  2. Formaldehyde

  3. Hydrogen cyanide

  4. Methane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
In liver, alcohol is converted to acetaldehyde by the enzyme alcoholic dehydrogenase. Acetaldehyde is more toxic than alcohol and its accumulation can cause hangover symptoms in which unpleasant mental and physical experiences occur in body. It can alter various functions of liver by binding to different proteins. Formation of adduct of acetaldehyde affects activity of various enzymes. It may also cause dizziness and skin reactions too.
So, the correct answer is 'Acetaldehyde'.
Multiple choice commercial applications bioenergy biofuels making biofuels technological and industrial development

Gasohol contains

  1. $50-60\%$ alcohol
  2. $10-15\%$ alcohol
  3. $30-40\%$ alcohol
  4. $80-90\%$ alcohol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Gasohol is a mixture of gasoline and alcohol (generally the composition of mixture is 9:1 for gasoline and alcohol i.e. 90% gasoline and 10% alcohol. It is used as fuel in engines. In many countries, gasohol is used as an alternative fuel in engines. The advantage of using gasohol is that there is less emission of pollutants because gasohol burns slowly and completely. However, alcohol based gasohol is expensive so it is not commonly used.
So, the correct answer is '10- 15% alcohol'.
Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

Which of the following can be used to increase the octane number?

  1. Increasing the percentage of branched or cycloalkanes

  2. By addition of BTX or TEL

  3. By addition of powder alcohol (ethanol)

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Octane number can be increased by any of the following methods:
(1) Increasing the percentage of branched or cycloalkanes.
(2) By addition of BTX or TEL.
(3) By addition of powder alcohol (ethanol).

Multiple choice chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

The rate of solvolysis of tert-butyl bromide will be maximum in which of the following solvents?

  1. ${ Et } _{ 2 }O$
  2. ${CCl} _{4}$
  3. $EtOH$
  4. ${H} _{2}O$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The rate of solvolysis of Tert - butyl bromide will be maximum in Water.

tert-butyl bromide follows $SN1$ mechanism thus it prefers weak nucleophiles like water.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

The following data were obtained for the saponification of ethyl acetate using equal concentrations of ester and alkali. The reaction order is:

Time(min) 0 4 10 20
Vol. of acid(mL)  8.04 5.30 3.50 2.22

  1. 0

  2. 1

  3. 2

  4. 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Saponification of ethyl acetate with equal concentrations of ester and alkali is a classic second-order reaction. The data provided would show a linear relationship for 1/[concentration] vs time, confirming second-order kinetics.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

What is tincture of iodine?

  1. 2-3% solution of iodine in alcohol-water mixture.

  2. A mixture of iodine in chloroxylenol.

  3. A mixture of 0.2% phenol and 2-3% iodine in water.

  4. 2-3% solution of iodine in potassium iodide.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

2-3% solution of iodine in alcohol-water mixture is known as tincture of iodine. It is a powerful antiseptic.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

Antiseptic chloroxylenol is:

  1. $4$ - chloro $3, 5 $ - dimethylphenol
  2. $3$ - chloro $3, 5 $ - dimethylphenol
  3. $4$ - chloro $2, 5 $ - dimethylphenol
  4. $5$ - chloro $3, 4 $ - dimethylphenol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chloroxylenol also known as para-chloro-meta-xylenol (PCMX), is an antiseptic and disinfectant agent used for skin disinfection and cleaning surgical instruments. Its chemical names are given as 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

The formulation of dettol contains:

  1. chloroxylenol

  2. terpineol

  3. Isopropyl alcohol

  4. all of these.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Dettol contains Chloroxylenol (comprises of 4.8% of dettol's total admixture) which is an antiseptic and disinfectant used for skin disinfection and cleaning surgical instruments, Terpineol which is a monoterpene alcohol that has been isolated from variety of sources such as cajuput oil, pine oil, and petotgrain oil. and isopropyl alcohol.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

The main constituents of dettol are:

  1. chloramphenicol and glycerol

  2. 2-3% solution of iodine in alcohol

  3. 0.2% solution of phenol

  4. chloroxylenol and terpineol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Antiseptics are applied to the living tissues such as wounds, cuts, ulcers and diseased skin surfaces. Examples are furacine, soframicine etc. These are not ingested like antibiotics. Commonly used antiseptic, dettol is a mixture of chloroxylenol and terpineol.