Chemistry · Science General

Alcohols, Ethers and Carboxylic Acids

391 Questions

Alcohols, ethers, and carboxylic acids questions explore organic chemistry reactions, chemical formulas, and compound identifications. The topics cover practical applications like antifreeze production and specific chemical conversions. This material helps candidates preparing for science oriented competitive exams.

Organic reactionsChemical compounds identificationAlcohol conversionCarboxylic acid propertiesIndustrial chemical applications

Alcohols, Ethers and Carboxylic Acids Questions

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

The organic compound which when mixed with ethyl alcohol, [ethanol], makes a spurious is:

  1. methanol

  2. methanoic acid

  3. methanal

  4. ethanoic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Alcohol is used in large qualities to produce alcoholic ilquiors or beverages throughout the world. Excessive drinking of it damages kidney and produces other vices. So, to refrain people from drinking it, government controls its production and supply . This is done by making it unfit for drinking by addituion of poisonous, substances like methanol, action, pyridine, $CuSO _4.$ It is called methylated spirit/denatured alcohol. 

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Methyl alcohol is treated with conc HI and red P. The main product obtained is ?

  1. $CH _3OH$
  2. $CH _4$
  3. $CH _2I _2$
  4. $PH _3$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
$HI$/Red P is one of the strongest reducing agents. So, it reduces all functional groups to yield alkanes. Hence, methanol gives methane.
$CH _{3}OH \, \overset{HI/Red\, P}\rightarrow \,CH _{4}$
Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Which of the following is wood alcohol?

  1. $\displaystyle CH _{3}OH$
  2. $\displaystyle C _{2}H _{5}OH$

  3. 1-Butanol

  4. 2-Methyl -1-propanol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, wood naphtha, methyl hydrate, or wood spirits, is a chemical with the formula CH₃OH.


Methanol acquired the name wood alcohol because it was once produced chiefly by the destructive distillation of wood

Hence, the correct option is $\text{A}$

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Hydrolysis of an ester gives acid A and alcohol B. The acid reduces Fehlings solution. Oxidation of alcohol B gives acid A. The ester is:

  1. Mehthyl formate

  2. Ethyl formate

  3. Methyl acetate

  4. Ethyl acetate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A
A:- HCOOH
B:- $CH _{3}OH$
Therefore the ester is $HCOOCH _{3}$

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Which among the following reactions does not give methyl alcohol?

  1. The reaction of ethylene with ${H} _{2}{SO} _{4}$ at ${80}^{o}C$

  2. The reaction of water gas with hydrogen at high temperature

  3. Alkaline hydrolysis of methyl bromide
  4. Both $A$ and $B$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The reaction of ethylene with ${H} _{2}{SO} _{4}$ at ${80}^{o}C$ gives ethyl hydrogensulphate.
$CH _2=CH _2+H _2SO _4 \rightarrow CH _3CH _2OSO _2OH$
Water gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen) at high temperature gives methanol.
$CO + 2H _2 \rightarrow CH _3OH$.
Alkaline hydrolysis of methyl bromide gives methanol 
$CH _3Br + H _2O \rightarrow CH _3OH + HBr$

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Methanol can be prepared when :

  1. iodomethane is heated with moist silver oxide

  2. iodomethane react with sodium in the presence of ether

  3. both A and B

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Moist Silver oxide 
$Ag _2O + H _2O \rightarrow 2AgOH$
$CH _3-I + AgOH \rightarrow CH _3-OH + AgI$
Therefore, methanol can be prepared when iodomethane is heated with moist silver oxide. 
Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Destructive distillation of wood in the laboratory will result in the formation of :

  1. Ethanol

  2. Methane

  3. Methanol

  4. Butane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Methanol acquired the name "wood spirit" because it was once produced chiefly as a byproduct of the destructive distillation of wood.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Methanol is called as Marine Methanol beacuse:

  1. it is an essential compound for marine life

  2. it is mostly obtained from deep sea bed

  3. it is used as a marine fuel

  4. it serves as a signal indicator for big ships on burning
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Currently, methanol is being developed and utilized as a marine fuel. Interest in methanol as a ship fuel is growing in response to international regulatory changes and cost advantages relative to other fuels. Methanol is an alternative which is sulphur free, has low emissions; perhaps three to four times cheaper than marine distillate fuel; and has a higher score on the International Martine Organization (IMO) energy efficiency design index (EEDI)than LNG or diesel. Globally, Methanol is already in widespread production (~70 million tons per annum) for a multitude of chemical and energy applications, and is one of the world’s most widely shipped chemicals.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Trivial name of methanol is _________ .

  1. wood spirit

  2. methyl alcohol

  3. wood alcohol

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Methanol is known as methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, wood naphtha or wood spirit because it was once produced as a byproduct of the destructive distillation of wood.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

The compound (s) used as an antifreeze in radiators of automobiles is/are?

  1. methyl alcohol

  2. ethyl alcohol

  3. ethyl alcohol + water

  4. methyl alcohol + water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C,D Correct answer
Explanation

Anitfreeze agents work to prevent the vehicle from overheating in summers and freezing in winters. The anifreeze agents used are ;ethyl alcohol + water and methyl alcohol + water.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

Identify the correct sequence of given steps for the conversion of calcium carbide to methyl alcohol.
(a) Reaction with aqueous $KOH$
(b) Hydrolysis
(c) Reaction with soda lime
(d) Reaction with $Ha{SO} _{4}/{H} _{2}{SO} _{4}$
(e) Reaction with $Hg{SO} _{4}$
(f) Reaction with $P{Cl} _{5}$

  1. $b\ d\ e\ c\ f\ a$
  2. $b\ d\ c\ a\ f\ e$
  3. $b\ f\ d\ e\ a\ c$
  4. $d\ b\ c\ e\ f \ a$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Steps for the conversion of calcium carbide to methyl alcohol:
(b) Hydrolysis
(d) Reaction with $Ha{SO} _{4}/{H} _{2}{SO} _{4}$
(e) Reaction with $Hg{SO} _{4}$
(c) Reaction with soda lime
(f) Reaction with $P{Cl} _{5}$
(a) Reaction with aqueous $KOH$
$CaC _2 + 2 H _2O\rightarrow C _2H _2 + Ca(OH) _2 \Rightarrow C _2H _2  + H _2SO _4/ HgSO _4 \rightarrow CH _3CHO
 \Rightarrow CH _3CHO + H _2SO _4\rightarrow CH _3COOH \Rightarrow CH _3COOH + NaOH + CaO \rightarrow CH _3COONa
 \Rightarrow CH _3COONa + PCl _5 \rightarrow CH _3Cl\Rightarrow CH _3Cl + KOH \rightarrow CH _3OH$