Chemistry · Science General

Alcohols, Ethers and Carboxylic Acids

359 Questions

Alcohols, ethers, and carboxylic acids questions explore organic chemistry reactions, chemical formulas, and compound identifications. The topics cover practical applications like antifreeze production and specific chemical conversions. This material helps candidates preparing for science oriented competitive exams.

Organic reactionsChemical compounds identificationAlcohol conversionCarboxylic acid propertiesIndustrial chemical applications

Alcohols, Ethers and Carboxylic Acids Questions

Multiple choice chemistry hydroxy compounds and ethers physical properties of ethers ethers alcohols, phenols and ethers

An ether is more volatile than an alcohol having the same molecular formula, This is due to: 

  1. dipolar character of ethers

  2. alcohols having resonance structures

  3. intermolecular hydrogen bonding in ethers

  4. intermolecular hydrogen bonding in alcohols
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

An ether is more volatile than an alcohol having same molecular formula because intermolecular hydrogen bonding in alcohols. 


The $-OH$ group of alcohol can form intermolecular hydrogen bonds whereas $-O$ group of ethers cannot form hydrogen bonds. 

Hydrogen bond formation is possible when $H$ atom is attached to electronegative $N$, $O$ or $F$ atom. Intermolecular hydrogen bonds leads to molecular association. 

Hence correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice chemistry states of matter: boiling, evaporation and condensation atmospheric pressure and boiling point evaporation - factors and effects in daily life changes in physical state - boiling, evaporation and condensation

Which of the following is a volatile liquid?

  1. Alcohol

  2. Acetone

  3. Chloroform

  4. All of above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A volatile liquid is one that evaporates or vaporizes quickly at room temperature. Volatile liquids have low boiling point. As a result, they evaporate very easily at room temperature. All the above liquids are volatile.

Multiple choice chemistry substances in common use chemical from common salt compounds of carbon some useful compounds in everyday life

Action bleaching poweder on ethyyl alcohol gives?

  1. Chloroform

  2. Dichloro methane

  3. Trichloro ethane

  4. Ethylene chloride
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The reactions involved are-

$CaOCl _2 + H _2O \rightarrow Ca(OH) _2 + Cl _2$

$C _2H _5OH + [O] \rightarrow CH _3CHO$

$CH _3CHO + Cl _2 \rightarrow CCl _3HO$

$CCl _3CHO + Ca(OH) _2 \rightarrow CHCl _3 + (HCOO) _2Ca$


Hence the product formed is having Chloroform and the correct option is A.

Multiple choice chemistry organic chemistry : some basic principles and techniques methods of purification of organic compounds methods of purification - organic compounds biochemical techniques

Which of the following compounds can be purified by vacuum distillaiton?

  1. Glycerine

  2. Glycerol
  3. Propane-$1, 2, 3$-triol

  4. Ethanol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B,C Correct answer
Explanation

Vacuum distillation is used when the boiling point of the compound or the solvent is too high in order to distill the compound or the solvent off without significant decomposition. It is based on the fact that under vacuum the boiling point of the materials is lower than at normal atmospheric pressure. Glycerine, glycerol and propone 1,2,3-triol are the three names of the same compound. It has a boiling point of 290$^oC$ while ethanol has BP 79$^oC$ .

Option A, B and C are correct.

Multiple choice microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

To prevent the misuse of the important commercial solvent (Ethyl alcohol), it is mixed with ____

  1. Methanol

  2. Propanol

  3. Ethanoic acid

  4. Propane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ethyl alcohol is a very important solvent which is used in industries for preparation of paints, lacquers, dyes, varnishes, cosmetics, and perfumes etc. it is also used for drinking purpose in the form of beer, whiskey, rum, and gin. So, to avoid the misuse of ethyl alcohol meant for industrial processes, it is made unfit for drinking purpose by adding a small amount of CuSO4, methanol, and pyridine in it. This process is known as denaturation of alcohol and the alcohol thus obtained is called denatured alcohol.


So, the correct answer is 'Methanol'.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical kinetics kinetic study of some first order reactions rate of chemical reaction endothermic and exothermic reactions

The hydrolysis of acetic anhydride$(CH _3CO) _2O+ H _2O\rightarrow2CH _3COOH$ is an example of :

  1. Pseudo first order reaction

  2. Pseudo second order reaction

  3. Zero order reaction

  4. Third order reaction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

It is an example of pseudo first order reaction because here $H _{2}O$ is in excess. Thus, rate of reaction depends on only concentration of acetic anhydride.
So, rate is given by
$=k[(CH _{3}CO) _{2}O]$

Multiple choice chemistry chemical kinetics kinetic study of some first order reactions rate of chemical reaction endothermic and exothermic reactions

For which of the following reactions the molecularity and orders of the reaction are two and two respectively:

  1. ester hydrolysis in acid medium.

  2. inversion of cane sugar in acid aqueous solution.

  3. hydrolysis of ethyl acetate in caustic soda aqueous solution.

  4. decomposition hydrogen peroxide in acid solution.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The hydrolysis of ethyl acetate in caustic soda aqueous solution is represented by the following reaction.
$CH _{3}COOC _{2}H _{5}+NaOH\rightarrow  CH _{3}COONa+C _{2}H _{5}OH$
The expression for the rate of the reaction is $r=k[CH _{3}COOC _{2}H _{5}][NaOH].$
The overall order of the reaction is 2 and it is a bimolecular reaction.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical kinetics kinetic study of some first order reactions rate of chemical reaction endothermic and exothermic reactions

The hydrolysis of ethyl acetate in an acidic medium is a:

  1. zero order reaction

  2. first order reaction

  3. pseudo first order reaction

  4. second order reaction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
$1.$ Decomposition of $H _2O _2$ in aqueous solution.
$H _2O _2\rightarrow H _2O+1/2O _2$
$2.$ Hydrolysis of methyl acetate in the presence of mineral acids.
$CH _3COOCH _3 +H _2O\rightarrow CH _3COOH+CH _3OH$
$3.$ Inversion of cane sugar in the presence of mineral acids.
$C _{12}H _{22}O _{11}+H _2O\xrightarrow {[H^+]}C _6H _{12}O _6+C _6H _{12}O _6$
$4.$ Decomposition of ammonium nitrate in aqueous solution.
$NH _4NO _2\rightarrow N _2+2H _2O$
$5.$ Hydrolysis of diazo derivatives.
$C _5H _5N+NCl + H _2O\rightarrow C _6H _5OH+N _2+HCl$
FIRST ORDER REACTION : When the rate of reaction depends only on one concentration term of reactant. A first order reaction is one whose rate varies as first power of the concentration of the reactant, i.e. the rate increases as number of times as the concentration of reactant is increased.
Examples are given above:
Multiple choice chemistry chemical kinetics kinetic study of some first order reactions rate of chemical reaction endothermic and exothermic reactions

The hydrolysis of ethyl acetate,
$CH _{3}COOC _{2}H _{5} + H _{2}O\xrightarrow {H^{+}} CH _{3}COOH + C _{2}H _{5}OH$ is a reaction of:

  1. zero order

  2. pseudo first order

  3. second order

  4. third order
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A reaction which is not the first-order reaction naturally but made the first order by increasing or decreasing the concentration of one or the other reactant is known as Pseudo first-order reaction. 


Hydrolysis of ethyl acetate in presence of an excess of water:

$CH _3COOC _2H _5+H _2O(\text{excess}) \xrightarrow{H+} CH _3COOH+C _2H _5OH$

$r = k[CH _3COOC _2H _5]^2[H _2O]^0$

Excess $[H _2O]$ can cause the independency of reaction on $H _2O$.


Hence, it is a pseudo-first-order reaction.

Hence, the correct answer is option $\text{B}$.

Multiple choice chemistry hard water and soft water heavy water study of heavy water hydrogen and its compounds

Which of the following is not the possible enol form of propanone in the presence of heavy water?

  1. ${ CH } _{ 3 }-CD=\overset { \overset { OD }{ | } }{ C } -D$
  2. ${ CH } _{ 3 }-\overset { \overset { OD }{ | } }{ C= } CHD$
  3. ${ CH } _{ 2 }=\overset { \overset { OD }{ | } }{ C- } { CD } _{ 3 }$
  4. ${ CD } _{ 2 }=\overset { \overset { OD }{ | } }{ C- } { CD } _{ 3 }$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In the presence of D2O, the alpha-hydrogens of propanone are replaced by deuterium through keto-enol tautomerism. Option A shows a structure that is not a standard enol form of propanone as it implies incorrect substitution patterns or connectivity for the enolization of propanone.