Chemistry · Science General

Alcohols, Ethers and Carboxylic Acids

391 Questions

Alcohols, ethers, and carboxylic acids questions explore organic chemistry reactions, chemical formulas, and compound identifications. The topics cover practical applications like antifreeze production and specific chemical conversions. This material helps candidates preparing for science oriented competitive exams.

Organic reactionsChemical compounds identificationAlcohol conversionCarboxylic acid propertiesIndustrial chemical applications

Alcohols, Ethers and Carboxylic Acids Questions

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

Antiseptic chloroxylenol is:

  1. $4$ - chloro $3, 5 $ - dimethylphenol
  2. $3$ - chloro $3, 5 $ - dimethylphenol
  3. $4$ - chloro $2, 5 $ - dimethylphenol
  4. $5$ - chloro $3, 4 $ - dimethylphenol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chloroxylenol also known as para-chloro-meta-xylenol (PCMX), is an antiseptic and disinfectant agent used for skin disinfection and cleaning surgical instruments. Its chemical names are given as 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

The formulation of dettol contains:

  1. chloroxylenol

  2. terpineol

  3. Isopropyl alcohol

  4. all of these.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Dettol contains Chloroxylenol (comprises of 4.8% of dettol's total admixture) which is an antiseptic and disinfectant used for skin disinfection and cleaning surgical instruments, Terpineol which is a monoterpene alcohol that has been isolated from variety of sources such as cajuput oil, pine oil, and petotgrain oil. and isopropyl alcohol.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

The main constituents of dettol are:

  1. chloramphenicol and glycerol

  2. 2-3% solution of iodine in alcohol

  3. 0.2% solution of phenol

  4. chloroxylenol and terpineol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Antiseptics are applied to the living tissues such as wounds, cuts, ulcers and diseased skin surfaces. Examples are furacine, soframicine etc. These are not ingested like antibiotics. Commonly used antiseptic, dettol is a mixture of chloroxylenol and terpineol.
Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

1% Phenol is used as

  1. Disinfectant

  2. Antiseptic

  3. Antifertility drug

  4. Artificial sweetener
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

One per cent solution of phenol is used as a disinfectant and $0.2$ per cent solution of phenol is an antiseptic so a higher concentration of the same compound is harmful to the body but can be used as a disinfectant to kill microorganisms on the non-living thing.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

__________ is a disinfectant and is used for the preservation of zoological samples.

  1. Formaldehyde

  2. Acetic acid

  3. Ketone

  4. Alcohol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Formaldehyde in its aqueous solution called formalin (40% formaldehyde) is used as a disinfectant and for preserving the samples in labs.

Multiple choice biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

For formation of ethanol, pyruvic acid is first changed to acetaldehyde by enzyme

  1. Pyruvate dehydrogenase

  2. Pyruvate decarboxylase

  3. Alcohol oxidase

  4. Alcohol dehydrogenase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Alcoholic fermentation employs the conversion of pyruvic acid to ethanol for the release of energy. This is an incomplete oxidation in which aldehyde is first formed as an intermediate which is then further oxidised to alcohol. Pyruvic acid to acetaldehyde conversion is brought about by pyruvate decarboxylase which releases CO2.

So the answer is 'Pyruvate decarboxylase'.

Multiple choice biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

Ethanol is formed from acetaldehyde by an enzyme called

  1. Lactate dehydrogenase

  2. Pyruvate kinase

  3. Alcohol dehydrogenase

  4. Pyruvate decarboxylase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Alcoholic fermentation occurs in the absence of O2 and is a type of anaerobic respiration in which the end products are CO2 and alcohol. Aldehyde is an intermediate product in fermentation and is further oxidised to alcohol with the help of an enzyme called dehydrogenase. So ethanol is formed from acetaldehyde with the help of alcohol dehydrogenase.

Hence the answer is 'Alcohol dehydrogenase'.

Multiple choice biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

Enzyme required to oxidise acetaldehyde is

  1. Ethanol oxidase

  2. Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

  3. Alcohol hydrogenase

  4. Glyceraldehyde dehyadrogenase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme oxidises acetaldehyde into acetate. This enzyme belongs to class of aldehyde dehydrogenases. Acetaldehyde is produced from the metabolism of alcohol by the enzyme alcoholic dehydrogenase. Acetaldehyde is toxic and its accumulation can lead to effects of hangover so it needs to be metabolized. It is converted into acetate by aldehyde dehydrogenase. Acetate is then converted into carbon dioxide and water. These metabolic reactions occur in liver.
So, the correct answer is 'Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase'.
Multiple choice chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

90% benzol is named so because 100. c.c of the fraction when distilled below 100 deg C gives 90 c.c of toluene.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

90% benzol is named so because 100. c.c of the fraction when distilled below 100 deg C gives 90 c.c of distillate.
90% benzol contains 70% benzene, 24% toluene and 3-5% xylene.


Multiple choice chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

50% benzol is named so because 100. c.c of the fraction when distilled below 100 deg C gives 50 c.c of distillate.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

50% benzol or 90% Toluol is named so because 50% of it distills upto 100 deg C and 90% of it distills between 110-140 deg C. 50% benzol or 90% Toluol consists mainly of xylenes and small amounts of benzene and toluene.

Multiple choice chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Which of the following compound/(s) obtained during fractional distillation of 50% benzol or 90% Toluol are used as solvents?

  1. benzene

  2. toluene

  3. xylene

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Benzene, toluene and xylene, obtained during fractional distillation of 50% benzol or 90% Toluol are used as solvents. They are also used in dry cleaning, as fuel and for preparing dyes, drugs, explosives etc.