Agricultural Practices in India

High Yield variety (HIY) seeds are the seeds of supreme quality which yields a high surplus and volume crop as compared to the normal ones. These seeds were used as strategic plan in green revolution to promote the better quality of crops at a reasonable rate. 

Green Revolution was a period of using modern methods or technology to increase productivity. It included the use of HYV seeds, pesticides, fertilizers, etc. Indian agriculture was converted into an industrial system. It had both positive and negative impacts. The second Green Revolution is being planned to improve the production of agro-commodities, especially in North-Eastern states.

Thus, the correct answer is B.

Genetic diversity refers to the variety of genes within a species. Each species is made up of individuals that have their own particular genetic composition. Within a species there may also be discrete populations with distinctive genes. Speciation is the evolutionary process by which new biological species arise. The biologist Orator F. Cook was the first to coin the term 'speciation' for the splitting of lineages or "cladogenesis," as opposed to "anagenesis" or "phyletic evolution" occurring within lineages.
More diversity will be introduced to gene pool when speciation occurs; as a result of which more and more species will be produced.

A staple food, sometimes simply referred to as a staple, is a food that is eaten routinely, and in such quantities that it constitutes a dominant portion of a standard diet in a given population, supplying a large fraction of the needs for energy-rich materials and generally a significant proportion of the intake of other nutrients as well. Most people live on a diet based on just a small number of staples.
Staple foods vary from place to place, but typically they are inexpensive or readily available foods that supply one or more of the three organic macronutrients needed for survival and health: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Wheat (Triticum spp.) is a cereal grain, originally from the levant region of the Near East but now cultivated worldwide. In 2013, world production of wheat was 713 million tons, making it the third most-produced cereal after maize (1,016 million tons) and rice (745 million tons). 

Norman Borlaug developed a special breed of dwarf wheat that resisted a wide spectrum of plant pests and diseases and produced two to three times more grain than the traditional varieties. During the period from 1949-55, M S Swaminathan undertook research on potato, wheat, rice and jute genetics, after which he worked on Mexican dwarf wheat varieties.

Agriculture in the North American Prairies is characterized by large-scale, mechanized, and scientific farming methods to maximize efficiency and output.

Energy crops are grown specifically for fuel production. Tapioca, sugarcane, and sugar beet are common energy crops, while Calotropis is a latex-producing plant not typically classified as an energy crop.

Poor agricultural growth in India is a multifaceted problem stemming from inadequate land reforms, lack of affordable credit for farmers, and outdated farming techniques. All three factors contribute to low productivity.

Indian agriculture has historically experienced slow and uneven growth due to dependency on monsoons, varying regional development, and structural issues.

The government announces Minimum Support Prices (MSP) for major food crops like wheat, paddy, and sugarcane. Mango is a horticultural product and is not typically covered by the standard MSP regime.

The agricultural census in India is conducted every five years to collect data on land holdings and agricultural operations. This interval allows for tracking long-term trends in land use and ownership.

Kharif is the primary cropping season in India, coinciding with the monsoon, which requires significant labor for sowing, weeding, and harvesting, thus concentrating employment.

The Food Corporation of India (FCI) is the nodal agency responsible for the procurement, storage, and maintenance of buffer stocks of food grains in India.

When crop failure occurs, food supply drops and prices rise. This increases the cost of living and lowers the standard of living for consumers.

More agricultural employment reduces rural unemployment, prevents urban migration (reducing congestion and pollution), and reduces rural brain drain as youth find local opportunities.