Agricultural Practices in India

Organic farming is a technique of developing agriculture by using organic fertilizers like manure, compost, green manure, bone meal etc. Use of synthetic fertilizers are completely eliminated to develop healthy agriculture.

Sikkim has declared adoption of organic farming in the year 2003. It is the only state to convert entire agriculture into organic farming.

Cooperative farming societies are formed by small farmers to pool their land and resources to improve agricultural productivity, which includes irrigation management.

APPCO (Andhra Pradesh State Handloom Weavers Cooperative Society) and Haryana Handloom are examples of producer cooperatives, as they assist in the production and marketing of handloom goods.

This is a duplicate of question 404899. The correct answer remains (1) & (4) - APPCO and Haryana Handloom. APPCO (Andhra Pradesh Pradesh Cooperative Marketing Society) is a producers' cooperative owned by farmers for agricultural marketing. Haryana Handloom is a producers' cooperative of weavers. The others represent different types: Kendriya Bhandar and Apna Bazar are consumer cooperatives, while the Gujarat federation is a secondary-level marketing organization.

The Green Revolution has made India self-sufficient in food grains. In India, after Green Revolution, production of many crops has increased many times. The production of wheat was just 88 lakh tones in 1955-56.Now it has crossed 718 lakh tones.  India adopted a new strategy in agriculture in which HYV, insecticides and pesticides were used which resulted in Green Revolution or great production of wheat and rice. The highest rate of growth was achieved in Punjab and. Haryana where food grain production jumped from 7.23 million tons in 1964-65 to an all time high of 30.33 million tons in 1995. The success of wheat was later replicated in rice production.  

The State government of Karnataka had fixed a limit on the land a family could possess. The maximum limit of owning land was fixed by the then government. A family could have 54 acres of fertile land that had no facility of water. If the land had irrigation facility and more than one crop was being grown there, the family could have 10 to 18 acres. If it was irrigated land with only one crop being grown, each family could have maximum 27 acres. In 1977, the Inam Cancellation Act came into being.

The State government of Karnataka had fixed a limit on the land a family could possess. The maximum limit of owning land was fixed by the then government. A family could have 54 acres of fertile land that had no facility of water. If the land had irrigation facility and more than one crop was being grown there, the family could have 10 to 18 acres. If it was irrigated land with only one crop being grown, each family could have maximum 27 acres. In 1977, the Inam Cancellation Act came into being.

Farmers voluntarily form co-operative associations, give up their lands for collective supervision and cultivate the lands together. When the crop is harvested and sold, they set aside money for long-term development of the land and divide the rest of the money among themselves. This is called Co-operative Farming System. On account of the land reforms, it was possible for the landless to obtain right to own land, though in a small measure. The tillers rights were protected. The farmers could get at least a small amount of profit through the co-operative farming system. However, this system could not generate more support from people.

Farmers voluntarily form co-operative associations, give up their lands for collective supervision and cultivate the lands together. When the crop is harvested and sold, they set aside money for long-term development of the land and divide the rest of the money among themselves. This is called Co-operative Farming System. On account of the land reforms, it was possible for the landless to obtain right to own land, though in a small measure. The tillers rights were protected. The farmers could get at least a small amount of profit through the co-operative farming system. However, this system could not generate more support from people.

Intercropping involves growing two or more crops simultaneously on same field but they are not mixed with each other. They are grown in set pattern. They are grown in alternating rows. This pattern prevents pests and diseases to spread in all the plants of one crops in the field. 

Berseem (Trifolium alexandrium) is an annual leguminous fodder crop. It is suitable fodder crop for areas below 1700m altitude with irrigation facilities. It is grown under area with highest water table. Lucerne (Medicago sativa) is a perennial leguminous fodder crop for unirrigated areas including low, medium and high hills of the state. It has good vegetative growth almost throughout the year except during heavy rains or when temperature is below freezing point.

Mango is originally grown in southern Asia, specifically in Burma and eastern India. It is an edible fruit. Banana is originally from South East Asia, mainly from India. It is rich source of vitamins, magnesium and calcium. Orange is a citrus fruit. It is originated in southeastern Asia, specifically in southern China and northeastern India. It is rich in vitamin C. Pea is native to western Asia and North Africa. It is an edible seed.

Banana is a perennial plant. It is originally from South East Asia, mainly from India. It is rich source of vitamins, magnesium and calcium. Radish is a root vegetable. It is originated in India, Asia. It is used as salad. Brinjal is originally found Southern India and Sri Lanka. It is a herbaceous plant. It is rich in potassium, vitamin, fibre and some flavonoids.

Potato is originated in the area of southern Peru and extreme northwestern Bolivia. It is an edible tuber which contains high amount of carbohydrates. Tomato is originated from Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Ecuador. It is an edible fruit. It is used in making salads, juice, sauces. Green chillies are originated in Mexico. It is used to spice up the food. 

Chilli is originated in Mexico. It is used as both food and medicine. It is used to spice up the food. Bhindi is originated in West Africa and South Asian. It is used as vegetables in many countries. Pea is originated in western Asia and North Africa. It is an edible seed. Potatoes come from northern Spain. It is an edible tuber.