Agricultural Practices in India

Mixed farming is a system of farming which includes crop production, raising of livestock, etc. on a particular farm.

(i) Statement (1) is wrong. Wheat is a Rabi crop. (ii) Statement (2) is correct. The most common disease of wheat plant is Loose smut of wheat. It is a fungal disease, which infects the flowering of plant and reduces the yield. (iii) Statement (3) is wrong. In 2012, wheat was the second most produced crop of the world, after maize.

Statement 1 is wrong. The leguminous crops are cultivated to fix nitrogen in soil. Statement 2 is wrong. The common examples of leguminous crops are pulses, beans and peas.

This is the correct option. Mixed cropping is the practice of growing two or more crops simultaneously in the same piece of land. Crop rotation is the practice of growing different crops on a piece of land in a preplanned succession. Intercropping is a multiple cropping practice involving growing two or more crops in definite row patterns in proximity.

Commercial farming is characterized by high inputs of modern agricultural resources (HYV seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, irrigation, machinery) to maximize output for sale in markets. Subsistence farming focuses on self-consumption, shifting cultivation involves clearing new land, and extensive agriculture uses low inputs over large areas.

Rice is the main crop grown in Mizoram.

In India's official agricultural land classification, 'Marginal Farmers' are those who hold land up to 1 hectare (2.47 acres). Small farmers have 1-2 hectares, semi-medium have 2-4 hectares, and medium/large farmers hold more than 4 hectares. This classification is used for policy targeting and agricultural development programs.

Sunny environment is required for four weeks.

During the Vedic period, rice and wheat became chief crops. Other agricultural products were barley, cotton and various pulses. In Vedic texts, rice is also called as Vrihi.

In India, marginal holdings of less than 1 hectare (ha) accounts for 60% of all holdings but only 20% of total cultivated area. On the other hand, holdings above 2 hectares accounts for only around 20% of all holdings but 60% of cultivated area, with holdings above 10 hectares accounting for just 1% of holdings, but 12% of area.

Statement (1) is incorrect. The pasteurization of milk does not affect its nutritional value. It is the process of the heating of milk at 60⁰C temperature for 30 minutes to kill all the microorganisms. Statement (2) is correct. Olericulture is the science of vegetable growing, dealing with the culture of non-woody (herbaceous) plants for food.

Tallness and profuse branching are desirable characteristics of fodder crops.

This is the correct option. Millet is not a rabi crop. It is a kharif crop.

Shifting cultivation is an agricultural system in which plots of land are cultivated temporarily, then abandoned and allowed to revert to their natural vegetation while the cultivator moves on to another plot.

This is the correct option. Using the method of artificial selection, when some farmers wanted to grow large leaves of wild cabbage, they ended up producing a leafy vegetable called kale.