Tag: petroleum and natural gas

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Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

The final product in the following reaction can be used as, $4CH _3-CH _2-Cl+4Na+Pb \rightarrow$

  1. anaesthatic

  2. narcotics

  3. analgesic

  4. antiknocking agent
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • The final product of this reaction is $(CH _3CH _2) _4Pb$ [tetraethyl lead (TEL)].
$4CH _3-CH _2-Cl + 4Na + Pb \rightarrow (CH _3CH _2) _4Pb$
It is also used as an antiknocking agent in fuels for automobiles.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels coal and petroleum
List I List II
A Kerosene I Metalling of roads
B Diesel II Jet aircraft fuel
C Paraffin Wax III Generation of electricty
D Bitumen IV Lubricants

  1. (A)-I, (B)-II, (C)-III, (D)-IV

  2. (A)-I, (B)-III, (C)-IV, (D)-II

  3. (A)-II, (B)-III, (C)-IV, (D)-I

  4. (A)-IV, (B)-II, (C)-III, (D)-I4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Kerosene is used in jet aircraft as fuel.


Diesel is used in generation of electricity.

Paraffin wax is used as lubricant.

Bitumen is used for metalling of roads.

Option C is correct.

Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

What happens during carbonisation?

  1. Conversion of organic substance to carbon

  2. Conversion to carbon dioxide

  3. Conversion of carbon to diamond

  4. Conversion of carbon to water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

During carbonisation an organic substance converts into carbon or a carbon-containing residue through pyrolysis or destructive distillation. 

Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

Liquid hydrocarbons can be converted to a mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons by:

  1. oxidation

  2. cracking

  3. distillation under reduced pressure

  4. hydrolysis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The process of breaking higher hydrocarbons with high boiling points into a variety of lower hydrocarbons that are more volatile (low boiling), is called cracking (or pyrolysis). For example, a higher hydrocarbon $C _{10}H _{22}$ splits according to the reaction.

$C _{10}H _{22}  \xrightarrow {heat \ 770K} C _8H _{18} + C _2H _4$
The process of cracking or pyrolysis increases the relative amounts of the lower hydrocarbons, which exists in a gaseous state, while higher hydrocarbons exist in the liquid or solid state.

Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

Process of conversion of wood into coal by biochemical process, taking over millions of years is called :

  1. Catenation

  2. Carbonation

  3. Pyrolysis

  4. Destructive distillation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Process of conversion of wood into coal by biochemical process over a millions of years is called carbonation.This process occurs in the deep level of earth.

Hence option B is correct.

Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

Cracking is a process in which :

  1. Petrol is produced by cracks on the surface of wax.

  2. Combustion of petrol is carried out.

  3. Compounds of high molecular mass are converted into compounds of lower molecular mass

  4. None of the statements is correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cracking is a chemical process in petroleum refining where heavy hydrocarbon molecules of high molecular mass are broken down into lighter, more useful molecules of lower molecular mass.

Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

Straight chain hydrocarbons have high octane number values than branched-chain hydrocarbons. 

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Branched-chain hydrocarbons generally have higher octane numbers than straight-chain hydrocarbons because they burn more smoothly in engines.

Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

Octane number can be changed by :

  1. alkylation

  2. cyclisation

  3. isomerisation

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All the three reactions, i.e. alkylation, cyclisation, and isomerisation convert straight-chain hydrocarbons to branched-chain or cyclic compounds, which changes the percentage of straight-chain hydrocarbon. 


Hence, the octane number is changed.

So, the correct option is D.