Tag: petroleum and natural gas

Questions Related to petroleum and natural gas

Which one is true for the octane number of following organic compounds?

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. Aromatic Compound $>$ Aliphatic compound

  2. Aromatic compound $<$ Aliphatic compound

  3. Aromatic compound $=$ Aliphatic compound

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
The octane number of a fuel is based on how fuels auto-ignite, under compression.
1. It is based on the scale where isooctane is 100 (minimal ignition under pressure) and heptane is 0 (easily ignites under pressure).
For example, petrol with an octane number of 92 has the same knock as a    mixture of 92% isooctane and 8% heptane.
2. Octane rating decreases with an increase in the carbon chain length.
3. Octane ratings increase with carbon chain branching.
4. Octane ratings increase in aromatics with the same number of carbons.

Hence, the correct option is $A$

In steam cracking, initiation usually involves breaking a chemical bond between:

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. carbon and hydrogen atom

  2. carbon atoms

  3. carbon-hydrogen and carbon-carbon simultaneously

  4. no bond is completely broken in initiation

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In steam cracking, initiation usually involves breaking a chemical bond between two carbon atoms, rather than the bond between a carbon and a hydrogen atom.

Most of the chemical reactions in Cracking is based on:

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. Carbocation formation

  2. Carbanion formation

  3. Radical formation

  4. Zwitter ion formation

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In cracking, the initial process involves the breaking down of hydrocarbons into free radicals.Only a small fraction of the feed molecules actually undergo initiation, but these reactions are necessary to produce the free radicals that drive the rest of the reactions.

Select the correct option about the Octane number of the organic compound.

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. Saturated compound $>$ Unsaturated compound

  2. Saturated compound $<$ Unsaturated compound

  3. Saturated compound $=$ Unsaturated compound

  4. Both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

An unsaturated compound has a higher octane rating than a saturated compound.

Common method of manufacturing synthetic petrol is/are:

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. Fischer Tropsch conversion

  2. Methanol to gasoline conversion

  3. Coal liquefaction

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Common methods for manufacturing Synthetic fuels include the Fischer Tropsch conversion, methanol to gasoline conversion or direct coal liquefaction.

The correct relation of the Octane number for the following is:

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. straight chain $>$ branched chain

  2. straight chain $<$ branched chain

  3. straight chain $=$ branched chain

  4. both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
The octane number of a fuel is based on how fuels auto-ignite, under compression.

1. It is based on the scale where isooctane is 100 (minimal ignition under pressure) and heptane is 0 (easily ignites under pressure).

2. Octane rating decreases with an increase in the carbon chain length.

3. Octane ratings increase with carbon chain branching.

4. Octane ratings increase in aromatics with the same number of carbons.

Hence, the correct option is $B$.

Raman took fuel for his vehicles from two petrol pumps $A$ and $B$ and found that the fuel from pump A caused more noise than that from pump B.Choose the correct relation of octane no.

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. Octane no(A)>Octane no(B)

  2. Octane no(B)>Octane no(A)

  3. Octane no(A)=Octane no(B)

  4. can't be predicted

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Octane number $\propto$ 1/knocking tendency

So, more the octane number, lesser the knocking tendency, and hence less is the noise.

Which of the following is not produced in Hydrocracking?

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. Jet fuel

  2. Diesel

  3. Petrol

  4. LPG

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The major products from hydrocracking are jet fuel and diesel, but low sulphur naphtha fractions and LPG are also produced. All these products have a very low content of sulphur and other contaminants.

The highest value of octane number among the following is of:

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. n-butane

  2. toluene

  3. i-pentane

  4. octane

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Octane number is a standard measure of the performance of an engine or aviation fuel. The higher the octane number a fuel has, more compression the fuel can withstand before igniting. Also, higher the octane number, better is the performance of the fuel.
In the given options, toluene has the highest octane number.

Which among the given examples, is not used as oxygenates?

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. MEG

  2. Ethanal

  3. MTBE

  4. TAME

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • Oxygenates are the chemical compounds containing oxygen.
  • They are usually employed as gasoline additives.
  • Commonly used oxygenates are alcohols or ethers.
  • Here, ethanal, MTBE and TAME are ethers. Thus, MEG (Mono ethylene glycol) is not used as oxygenates.