Tag: petroleum and natural gas

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Questions Related to petroleum and natural gas

Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

The RON/MON values of $n$-heptane is:

  1. $0$
  2. $100$
  3. $1000$
  4. $50$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Octane number can be determined by RON, MON and AKI. The most common method used for the measurement is RON. RON is determined by running the fuel in a test engine and comparing the results with those for mixtures of iso- octane and $n$- heptane. The RON/MON value for $n$- heptane is 0.

Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

Which of the following is a measurement method for octane number?

  1. Research octane number (RON)

  2. Motor octane number (MON)

  3. Anti-knock index (AKI)

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Octane number can be determined by all the three methods. The most common method used for the measurement is RON. RON is determined by running the fuel in a test engine and comparing the results with those for mixtures of iso-octane and $n$-heptane.

Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

Anti-knock index (AKI) is the:

  1. geometric mean of RON and MON

  2. arithmetic mean of RON and MON

  3. harmonic mean of RON and MON

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Octane number can be determined by RON, MON and AKI. The most common method used for the measurement is RON. AKI is the arithmetic mean of RON and MON. 

It is given by : $\frac{R+M}{2}$. 
It is sometimes called as posted octane number.

Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

With increase in octane number:

  1. cetane number decreases

  2. activation energy increases

  3. both A & B

  4. neither A nor B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Higher is the octane number higher is the activation energies. Activation energy is the amount of energy required to initiate combustion. 

Cetane number is the fuel's eagerness to ignite from the heat created in the bore from the compression of the air. Higher is the cetane number lower is the octane number.

Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

A fuel with a higher octane rating:

  1. is less prone to auto-ignition

  2. can withstand a greater rise in temperature during the compression stroke

  3. has lower cetane number

  4. has lesser knocking
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B,C,D Correct answer
Explanation
  • The fuels with higher octane ratings will require high activation energies and are less prone to auto-ignition.
  • They can withstand the greater rise in temperature during the compression stroke of an internal combustion engine without auto igniting and thus allow more power to be extracted.
  • They have lower cetane number. Cetane number and octane rating are opposite to each other.
  • A fuel with higher octane rating leads to less engine knocking.
Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

The RON/MON value of iso-octane is:

  1. $0$
  2. $100$
  3. $50$
  4. $1000$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Octane number can be determined by RON, MON and AKI. The most common method used for the measurement is RON. RON is determined by running the fuel in a test engine and comparing the results with those for mixtures of iso-octane and $n$- heptane. The RON/MON values of iso-octane is 100.

Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

Which is the most common type of octane rating worldwide?

  1. MON

  2. RON

  3. AKI

  4. Aviation gasoline octane rating
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Octane number can be determined by RON, MON and AKI.The most common method used for the measurement is RON. 

RON is determined by running the fuel in a test engine and comparing the results with those for mixtures of isooctane and $n$- heptane. 

Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

The activity of the catalyst in a semi-regenerative catalytic reformer is reduced over time during operation by:

  1. chloride loss

  2. carbonaceous coke

  3. both A and B together

  4. either A or B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In catalytic reforming process, the noble metals platinum and rhenium are the catalysts used on a silica or silica-alumina support base. Fresh catalyst is chlorinated prior to use. On the other hand, an excessive chlorination could depress excessively the activity of the catalyst. Also in the case of the semi-regenerative catalytic reformer, the catalyst is reduced over time by carbonaceous coke deposition and chlorine loss.

Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

The support base used for the noble metals in catalytic reforming is/are: 

  1. alumina

  2. silica

  3. silica-alumina

  4. all
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B,C Correct answer
Explanation

In catalytic reforming process, high octane number reformate is formed which is the main component of the motor, fuel, aviation gasoline or aromatic rich feedstock. The noble metals platinum and rhenium are the catalysts used on a silica or silica-alumina support base. Fresh catalyst is chlorinated prior to use.

Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

The fresh catalyst in catalytic reforming of petroleum is _______ prior to use.

  1. amalgamated

  2. brominated

  3. chlorinated

  4. oxygenated
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In catalytic reforming process; high octane number reformate is formed which is the main component of the motor, fuel, aviation gasoline or aromatic rich feedstock. The noble metals platinum and rhenium are the catalysts used on a silica or silica-alumina support base. Fresh catalyst is chlorinated prior to use.