Tag: application of biology in therapy and vaccine

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Questions Related to application of biology in therapy and vaccine

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future gene therapy application of biology in therapy and vaccine gene cloning
Assertion : Genital herpes cannot be cured if recurrent.
Reason : Genital herpes can be inhibited by acyclovir.

  1. Both the Assertion and the Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

  2. Both the Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

  3. The Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

  4. Both the Assertion and Reason are false.

  5. The Assertion is false but Reason is true.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

An antiviral drug is used to treat genital herpes outbreaks stay symptom-free longer. These drugs can also reduce the severity and duration of symptoms when they do flare up. Drug therapy is not a cure, but it can make living with the condition easier. Because of lack of research about the Herpes virus action mechanism, there is no cure for Herpes but it is inhibited by acyclovir. It is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. 

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future gene therapy application of biology in therapy and vaccine gene cloning

Which of these is used as vector for gene therapy in SCID and gene cloning in higher organisms?

  1. Retrovirus

  2. Enterovirus

  3. Arbovirus

  4. Rotavirus

  5. Parvovirus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Retroviruses are frequently used as vectors in gene therapy, particularly for SCID (Severe Combined Immunodeficiency), because they can integrate their genetic material into the host genome.

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future gene therapy application of biology in therapy and vaccine gene cloning

Enzyme adenosine deaminase is deficient in .......... genetic disorder.

  1. Alzheimers disease

  2. Muscular dystrophy

  3. SCID

  4. Colour blindness
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The correct option is C


Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is an X-limbed inherited disorder of the immune system, that occurs almost exclusively in males. Boys with x-linked SCID are prone to recurrent and persistent infections because they 
lack the necessary immune cells to fight off certain bacteria, viruses, etc, It is 
caused by a disorder of or by a deficiency of the adenosine deaminase which is very necessary for lymphocyte development.

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future gene therapy application of biology in therapy and vaccine gene cloning

First clinical application of gene therapy was used in 1992 over a four year old girl for

  1. Adenosine deficiency

  2. Adenine deficiency

  3. Growth deficiency

  4. Adenosine deaminase deficiency
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The first successful gene therapy trial in 1990 (often cited as 1992 in some texts) was performed on Ashanthi DeSilva for Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) deficiency.

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future gene therapy application of biology in therapy and vaccine gene cloning

The genetic defect adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency may be cured permanently by

  1. Introducing bone marrow cells producing (ADA) into cells at an early embryonic stage.

  2. Administrating adenosine deaminase activators.

  3. Periodic infusion of genetically engineered lymphocytes having functional ADA cDNA.

  4. Enzyme replacement therapy.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Permanent cure for ADA deficiency involves introducing functional ADA genes into bone marrow stem cells at an early stage, allowing the body to produce its own functional enzyme.

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future gene therapy application of biology in therapy and vaccine gene cloning

Due to .......... therapy changes would be heritable.

  1. Magnetic therapy

  2. Somatic cell gene therapy

  3. Germ line gene therapy

  4. Chemotherapy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Gene therapy is treating the diseases by modifying the gene expression or inserting the deficient gene therapeutically into the patients cells. Gene therapy is of two types, somatic gene therapy and germline gene therapy.
In somatic gene therapy, gene manipulation is done in the cells which will affect the patient but it will not be inherited. In germline gene therapy, gene manipulation is done in the germ cells or the gametes that will be used to conceive. The modified germ cells will produce the gametes having the inserted gene and on fertilisation will produce a zygote that will form the individual in which each and every cell will have the manipulated gene, because every cell descendes from the zygote. Thus, the changes will be heritable.
So, the correct answer is C.
Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future gene therapy application of biology in therapy and vaccine gene cloning

Gene therapy is treatment done on

  1. Adults only

  2. Child or embryo only

  3. Pregnant mothers only

  4. Persons of any age and condition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Gene therapy can theoretically be applied to patients of any age, although the type of therapy (somatic vs germline) and the specific condition dictate the feasibility and ethical considerations.

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future gene therapy application of biology in therapy and vaccine gene cloning

Which of the following statements is incorrect about gene therapy in ADA deficiency?

  1. Lymphocytes from patient's blood are taken out and cultured.

  2. A functional ADA cDNA is introduced into these lymphocytes.

  3. Lymphocytes are then introduced in the body of patient.

  4. Patient does not require periodic infusion of genetically engineered lymphocytes.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
As a first step towards gene therapy, lymphocytes from the blood of the patient are grown in a culture outside the body. A functional ADA-cNDA  (using a retroviral vector) is then introduced into these lymphocytes, which are subsequently returned to the body of the patient. However, as these cells are not immortal, the patient requires periodic infusion of such genetically engineered lymphocytes.
So, the correct answer is 'Patient does not require periodic infusion of genetically engineered lymphocytes'.