Biology

Respiration and Gas Transport

606 Questions

Respiration and gas transport deal with the physiological mechanisms of breathing, including the role of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and the removal of carbon dioxide from the blood. Questions cover both aerobic and anaerobic processes, along with related phenomena like altitude sickness. This human biology topic is a staple in the science sections of competitive tests.

Oxygen and hemoglobin transportAnaerobic respiration effectsCarbon dioxide removalAltitude sickness causesBreathing rate regulation

Respiration and Gas Transport Questions

Multiple choice zoology gas exchange and smoking gas exchange gas exchange in humans respiratory system in humans

Which of the following organ system involves in the exchange of gases with the environment?

  1. Digestive system

  2. Respiratory system

  3. Circulatory system

  4. Endocrine system

  5. Nervous system
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The digestive system includes alimentary canal and associated glands to carry out the digestion of food and release the energy stored in these food substances. The primary function of the respiratory system is to allow atmospheric oxygen from the air to enter the blood and carbon dioxide from the blood to exit into the air. The endocrine system includes endocrine glands and maintains the homeostasis of the body through hormonal actions. Nervous system serves in the reception of sensory input followed by their integration in the brain and spinal cord and generation of motor output to produce the response. Thus, the correct answer is B.

Multiple choice zoology gas exchange and smoking gas exchange gas exchange in humans respiratory system in humans

Gases diffuse over the respiratory surface because of.

  1. $pO _2$ is more in alveoli than in blood
  2. $pO _2$ is more in blood than in tissues
  3. $pCO _2$ is more in alveoli than in blood
  4. $pCO _2$ is more in blood than in tissues
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gas diffusion occurs from areas of higher partial pressure to areas of lower partial pressure. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli (high pO2) into the blood (low pO2).

Multiple choice zoology gas exchange and smoking gas exchange gas exchange in humans respiratory system in humans

Partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide in healthy human lung alveoli are respectively about.

  1. $104$ and $40$mm Hg
  2. $90$ and $20$mm Hg
  3. $40$ and $45$mm Hg
  4. $159$ and $0.3$mm Hg
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In healthy human alveoli, the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) is approximately 104 mm Hg and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) is approximately 40 mm Hg.

Multiple choice geography in the land of kerala introduction to metallurgy occurrence of metals study of kerala

CO is toxic because it forms complex with _________ in the blood.

  1. carbohydrate

  2. protein

  3. haemoglobin

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Carbon monoxide binds very strongly to the iron in hemoglobin. Once carbon monoxide attaches, it is very difficult to release. While breathing in carbon monoxide, it sticks to your hemoglobin and takes up all of the oxygen-binding sites. Eventually, blood loses all of its ability to transport oxygen and will cause unconsciousness.

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

In a resting person, the saturation level of haemoglobin as blood leaves the tissue capillaries is approximately

  1. 75%

  2. 40%

  3. 3%

  4. 46%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The relationship between oxygen levels and hemoglobin saturation is indicated by the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation (saturation) curve at high partial pressures of O2 (above about 40 mm Hg), hemoglobin saturation remains rather high (typically about 75 - 80%). This rather flat section of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve is called the 'plateau'. 40 mm Hg is the typical partial pressure of oxygen in the cells of the body. Examination of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve reveals that, under resting conditions, only about 20 - 25% of hemoglobin molecules give up oxygen in the systemic capillaries. This is significant (in other words, the 'plateau' is significant) because it means that you have a substantial reserve of oxygen. In other words, if you become more active, & your cells need more oxygen, the blood (hemoglobin molecules) has lots of oxygen to provide When you do become more active, partial pressures of oxygen in your (active) cells may drop well below 40 mm Hg.

So, the correct option is '75%'.

Multiple choice biology human system gas exchange and smoking gas exchange gas exchange in humans

By observing the interdependence of plants and animals and circulation of oxygen and carbon dioxide we can say that

  1. Some day all the oxygen will be used up by the animals.

  2. Some day all the carbon dioxide will be used up by the plants.

  3. The amount of oxygen is increasing and that of carbon dioxide is decreasing in our atmosphere.

  4. The level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is kept constant.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • The free oxygen in the atmosphere comes from photosynthesis by green plants, chiefly the phytoplankton in the ocean.
  •  Animals and combustion of organic matter absorb the oxygen and release CO2.
  • This Carbon dioxide is absorbed by green plants which are exhaled by animals.
  •  It’s a dynamic equilibrium. Hence, By observing the interdependence of plants and animals and circulation of oxygen and carbon dioxide we can say that The level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is kept constant.
So, the correct answer is 'The level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is kept constant'.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

Which of the following gas causes haemorrhage if inhaled ?

  1. Carbon dioxide

  2. Hydrogen sulphide

  3. Ozone

  4. Nitrogen oxide
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ozone is a toxic gas which causes severe effects on the body on inhalation. The gas causes irritation in the nose, throat and other parts of the respiratory system. Inhalation of about 0.1 ppm of the gas may result in effects like swelling and bleeding of the lungs. Haemorrhage of the lungs, stomach and intestine is a common effect of the ozone breathing. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C. 

Multiple choice evs the unique world of insects and animals sleeping time animal senses sense organs in animals sense organs in humans

$CO _{2}$, $pH$ and $O _{2}$ level in the blood is detected by which receptors?

  1. Baroreceptors

  2. Chemoreceptors

  3. Sensoryreceptors

  4. Baroreceptors and Chemoreceptors
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Chemoreceptors present in the carotid body, venacava and aortic sinus and responsible for receiving change in chemical composition of blood. CO$ _2$, pH and O$ _2$ levels in the blood are detected by the central chemoreceptors. Changes in CO$ _2$ level in blood is detected by chemoreceptors present in carotid bodies, O$ _2$ level is detected by the chemoreceptors present in Aortic bodies and changes in pH is detected by chemoreceptors present in the venacava and also that of carotid bodies and aortic bodies.
So, the correct answer is B.
Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

Glucose is transported to cell by 

  1. ${ Na }^{ + }$ Symport
  2. ${ K }^{ + }$Symport
  3. ${ Na }^{ + }$ Antiport
  4. ${ K }^{ + }$Antiport
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Carbohydrates are hydrolysed by concerning enzymes and converted into monosaccharides like glucose and fructose. Monosaccharides are absorbed via the capillary blood with in the villus to finally reach into portal vein. Absorption of glucose molecules occurs along with, Na+ by active import. Fructose is absorbed passively through facilitated diffusion.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

Which one of the following equations represents the Aerobic respiration?

  1. $6CO _2\,+\,6H _2O\,\rightarrow \,C _6H _{12}O _6\,+\,6O _2$
  2. $C _6H _{10}O _2\,+\,6O _2\,\rightarrow\,6CO _2\,+\,5H _2O\,+\,674Kcal$
  3. $C _6H _{12}O _6\,+\,6O _2\,\rightarrow\,6CO _2\,+\,6H _2O\,+\,674Kcal$
  4. $C _6H _{12}O _2\,+\,6O _2\,\rightarrow\,6H _2CO _3$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The equation C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 674 kcal represents the overall balanced chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration.

Multiple choice biology molecular biology fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

In which of the following, respiration takes place in absence of oxygen?

  1. Man

  2. Potato

  3. Yeast

  4. Spirogyra
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Respiration is the catabolic process in which reduced substrates are broken down. The process of respiration can occur in presence of oxygen (aerobic respiration) or absence of oxygen (anaerobic respiration). The process of anaerobic respiration is also called as fermentation. In some microorganisms like yeast, the process of anaerobic respiration (fermentation) results in incomplete breakdown of glucose to ethanol and carbon dioxide. 

Multiple choice biology respiration fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

Aerobic respiration is more advantageous than anaerobic respiration because

  1. It requires oxygen

  2. It produces more energy

  3. It causes complete breakdown of respiratory substrate

  4. Aerobic respiration produces water.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The oxidative breakdown of respiratory substrates with the help of atmospheric oxygen is known as aerobic respiration. It involves a complete breakdown of substrates into carbon dioxide and water releasing energy. The energy released per mole of glucose is 686 Kcal or 2870 kJ. 

Oxidation of respiratory substrates in the absence of atmospheric oxygen is termed as anaerobic respiration. It involves an incomplete breakdown of respiratory substrates in which the end products such as ethanol or lactic acid are produced and carbon dioxide is released. The amount of energy released in this case is 247 kJ.
Since the energy released is more in aerobic respiration, it is more advantageous. Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Multiple choice

Which of the following is true regarding aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

  1. Aerobic respiration uses oxygen, anaerobic does not.

  2. Both anaerobic and aerobic respiration use oxygen

  3. Anaerobic respiration uses oxygen, aerobic does not.

  4. Neither aerobic nor anaerobic respiraiton use oxygen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The fundamental difference between the two processes is the requirement for oxygen; aerobic respiration uses oxygen as the final electron acceptor, while anaerobic does not.