Biology

Respiration and Gas Transport

647 Questions

Respiration and gas transport deal with the physiological mechanisms of breathing, including the role of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and the removal of carbon dioxide from the blood. Questions cover both aerobic and anaerobic processes, along with related phenomena like altitude sickness. This human biology topic is a staple in the science sections of competitive tests.

Oxygen and hemoglobin transportAnaerobic respiration effectsCarbon dioxide removalAltitude sickness causesBreathing rate regulation

Respiration and Gas Transport Questions

Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

During the process of decomposition.

  1. $CO _2$ is consumed and $O _2$ is released
  2. $O _2$ is consumed and $CO _2$ is released
  3. $CO _2$ is consumed and $H _2O$ is released

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Decomposition is the process that concerns breakdown of complex organic matter by decomposers to inorganic raw materials like carbon dioxide, water and various nutrients. Oxygen is required by aerobic bacteria for decomposition.

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

The haemoglobin of a human foetus

  1. Has a higher affinity for oxygen than that of an adult

  2. Has a lower affinity for oxygen than that of the adult

  3. Its affinity for oxygen is the same as that of an adult
  4. Has only $2$ protein subunits instead of $4$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • The oxygen is needed for aerobic respiration and diffuses from a region of high to low concentration from the mother's blood to the blood of the foetus. 
  • The haemoglobin of the foetus has a higher affinity for oxygen than that of adult haemoglobin and so the efficiency of exchange is increased

So, the correct answer is 'Has a higher affinity for oxygen than that of an adult'
Multiple choice zoology gas exchange and smoking gas exchange gas exchange in humans respiratory system in humans

Which of the following eliminates carbon dioxide from the body?

  1. Circulatory system

  2. Respiratory system

  3. Excretory system

  4. A and B

  5. A, B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Carbon dioxide is the waste gas that is produced when carbon is combined with oxygen as part of the body's energy-making processes.
  • The lungs and respiratory system allow oxygen in the air to be taken into the body, it also helps the body to get rid of carbon dioxide in the air breathed out.
  • When the blood from the heart flows through the capillaries and collects oxygen from the alveoli. At the same time, carbon dioxide passes out of the capillaries and into the alveoli. These blood brings oxygen to the body cells and takes away their carbon dioxide.  Hence, the circulatory system and respiratory system eliminates carbon dioxide from the body.
So, the correct answer is 'A and B'.

Multiple choice zoology gas exchange and smoking gas exchange gas exchange in humans respiratory system in humans

Which of the following organ system involves in the exchange of gases with the environment?

  1. Digestive system

  2. Respiratory system

  3. Circulatory system

  4. Endocrine system

  5. Nervous system
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The digestive system includes alimentary canal and associated glands to carry out the digestion of food and release the energy stored in these food substances. The primary function of the respiratory system is to allow atmospheric oxygen from the air to enter the blood and carbon dioxide from the blood to exit into the air. The endocrine system includes endocrine glands and maintains the homeostasis of the body through hormonal actions. Nervous system serves in the reception of sensory input followed by their integration in the brain and spinal cord and generation of motor output to produce the response. Thus, the correct answer is B.

Multiple choice zoology gas exchange and smoking gas exchange gas exchange in humans respiratory system in humans

Gases diffuse over the respiratory surface because of.

  1. $pO _2$ is more in alveoli than in blood
  2. $pO _2$ is more in blood than in tissues
  3. $pCO _2$ is more in alveoli than in blood
  4. $pCO _2$ is more in blood than in tissues
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gas diffusion occurs from areas of higher partial pressure to areas of lower partial pressure. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli (high pO2) into the blood (low pO2).

Multiple choice zoology gas exchange and smoking gas exchange gas exchange in humans respiratory system in humans

Partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide in healthy human lung alveoli are respectively about.

  1. $104$ and $40$mm Hg
  2. $90$ and $20$mm Hg
  3. $40$ and $45$mm Hg
  4. $159$ and $0.3$mm Hg
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In healthy human alveoli, the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) is approximately 104 mm Hg and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) is approximately 40 mm Hg.

Multiple choice geography in the land of kerala introduction to metallurgy occurrence of metals study of kerala

CO is toxic because it forms complex with _________ in the blood.

  1. carbohydrate

  2. protein

  3. haemoglobin

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Carbon monoxide binds very strongly to the iron in hemoglobin. Once carbon monoxide attaches, it is very difficult to release. While breathing in carbon monoxide, it sticks to your hemoglobin and takes up all of the oxygen-binding sites. Eventually, blood loses all of its ability to transport oxygen and will cause unconsciousness.

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

In a resting person, the saturation level of haemoglobin as blood leaves the tissue capillaries is approximately

  1. 75%

  2. 40%

  3. 3%

  4. 46%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The relationship between oxygen levels and hemoglobin saturation is indicated by the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation (saturation) curve at high partial pressures of O2 (above about 40 mm Hg), hemoglobin saturation remains rather high (typically about 75 - 80%). This rather flat section of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve is called the 'plateau'. 40 mm Hg is the typical partial pressure of oxygen in the cells of the body. Examination of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve reveals that, under resting conditions, only about 20 - 25% of hemoglobin molecules give up oxygen in the systemic capillaries. This is significant (in other words, the 'plateau' is significant) because it means that you have a substantial reserve of oxygen. In other words, if you become more active, & your cells need more oxygen, the blood (hemoglobin molecules) has lots of oxygen to provide When you do become more active, partial pressures of oxygen in your (active) cells may drop well below 40 mm Hg.

So, the correct option is '75%'.

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

During blood clotting, which of the following is used?

  1. Co
  2. $Ca^{++}$
  3. $Na^+$
  4. $Cl^-$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Blood clotting (coagulation) is the process by which blood vessels repair ruptures after injury. Calcium works together with vitamin K and a protein, called as fibrinogen in the clotting cascade, which forms fibrin. The fibrin hardens very quickly to form a scab over the wound. 

Hence, correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology human system gas exchange and smoking gas exchange gas exchange in humans

By observing the interdependence of plants and animals and circulation of oxygen and carbon dioxide we can say that

  1. Some day all the oxygen will be used up by the animals.

  2. Some day all the carbon dioxide will be used up by the plants.

  3. The amount of oxygen is increasing and that of carbon dioxide is decreasing in our atmosphere.

  4. The level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is kept constant.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • The free oxygen in the atmosphere comes from photosynthesis by green plants, chiefly the phytoplankton in the ocean.
  •  Animals and combustion of organic matter absorb the oxygen and release CO2.
  • This Carbon dioxide is absorbed by green plants which are exhaled by animals.
  •  It’s a dynamic equilibrium. Hence, By observing the interdependence of plants and animals and circulation of oxygen and carbon dioxide we can say that The level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is kept constant.
So, the correct answer is 'The level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is kept constant'.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

Which of the following gas causes haemorrhage if inhaled ?

  1. Carbon dioxide

  2. Hydrogen sulphide

  3. Ozone

  4. Nitrogen oxide
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ozone is a toxic gas which causes severe effects on the body on inhalation. The gas causes irritation in the nose, throat and other parts of the respiratory system. Inhalation of about 0.1 ppm of the gas may result in effects like swelling and bleeding of the lungs. Haemorrhage of the lungs, stomach and intestine is a common effect of the ozone breathing. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C. 

Multiple choice evs the unique world of insects and animals sleeping time animal senses sense organs in animals sense organs in humans

$CO _{2}$, $pH$ and $O _{2}$ level in the blood is detected by which receptors?

  1. Baroreceptors

  2. Chemoreceptors

  3. Sensoryreceptors

  4. Baroreceptors and Chemoreceptors
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Chemoreceptors present in the carotid body, venacava and aortic sinus and responsible for receiving change in chemical composition of blood. CO$ _2$, pH and O$ _2$ levels in the blood are detected by the central chemoreceptors. Changes in CO$ _2$ level in blood is detected by chemoreceptors present in carotid bodies, O$ _2$ level is detected by the chemoreceptors present in Aortic bodies and changes in pH is detected by chemoreceptors present in the venacava and also that of carotid bodies and aortic bodies.
So, the correct answer is B.