Parts of Speech

'Capped' is a verb in past participle form (used in present perfect 'has had'). It means covered or fitted with a cap. The action was done to his teeth, making 'capped' the past participle of the verb 'cap'.

The word 'calm' describes the noun 'voice' by telling us what quality it has. Adjectives modify nouns, and here 'calm' modifies 'voice' by stating its emotional state (composed, peaceful).

'Calls' functions as a noun here because it's the object of 'has' and can be counted (five calls). It refers to scheduled visits/house calls the doctor must make, not the action of calling someone.

Babble as used in this sentense is a noun.

Babbling is a verb.

The word "baby" is a noun.

In the sentence 'A small boy rode on the elephant's back,' the word 'back' refers to the physical body part of the elephant - it's naming a place/location. Nouns name people, places, things, or ideas. Verbs show action, adverbs modify verbs, adjectives modify nouns, and prepositions show relationships.

Back is describing the noun row here. So, in the sentenece it is used as an adjective.

In 'I stepped back to let them pass,' the word 'back' tells WHERE the stepping happened - it modifies the verb 'stepped.' Adverbs answer how, when, where, or to what extent. Here 'back' indicates direction/location of the action. It's not a noun (thing), verb (action), adjective (describing noun), or preposition (showing relationship).

In 'refuse to back down,' the phrase 'back down' is a phrasal verb meaning to withdraw from a position or claim. Here 'back' functions as part of the verb itself (like 'look up,' 'give in'). It expresses action, not description (adjective), manner (adverb), naming (noun), or relationship (preposition). Phrasal verbs are verb + preposition combinations that create new meanings.

Babysits is a verb and the adverb regularly is modifying it.

In 'without a backward glance,' the word 'backward' describes the noun 'glance' - what kind of glance? A backward one. Adjectives modify/describe nouns. The pattern is 'article + adjective + noun' (a backward glance). Nouns name things, verbs show action, adverbs modify verbs, prepositions show relationships.

In 'the cops get the baddies,' the word 'baddies' refers to the criminals/wrongdoers - it's naming people/characters. 'Baddies' is a colloquial/informal plural noun meaning villains or bad characters. It's not describing (adjective), showing action (verb), modifying a verb (adverb), or showing relationship (preposition). The sentence structure 'get + the + baddies' shows it's the object noun.

The word 'badger' means to pester or harass someone repeatedly. In this sentence, it describes what reporters are doing to her - an action. Actions are expressed by verbs. Note that 'badger' can also be a noun (the animal), but here it's clearly functioning as a verb.

The word 'bad' modifies 'wanted' by telling HOW she wanted it. When a word describes HOW an action is done, it's an adverb. In informal English, 'bad' is often used as an adverb after verbs like 'want', 'need', 'feel' instead of the formal 'badly'. This colloquial usage is tested here.