Chemistry

Organic Chemistry Fundamentals

287 Questions

Organic chemistry fundamentals cover the structure, properties, and reactions of carbon containing compounds. The questions explore functional groups, isomerism, homologous series, and basic reaction mechanisms. This forms the basis of general chemistry across multiple examination formats.

Functional groupsIsomerism typesHomologous seriesCycloalkanesOrganic monomers

Organic Chemistry Fundamentals Questions

Multiple choice

Which pair of xenon compounds has trigonal pyramidal and T-shaped geometries respectively?

  1. XeF4, XeOF2

  2. XeF6, XeOF2

  3. XeO3, XeOF2

  4. XeO3, XeF4

  5. XeOF2, XeO2F2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

XeO3 has sp3 hybridization with one lone pair of electrons and has trigonal pyramidal geometry. XeOF2 has sp3d hybridization with two lone pairs of electrons and has T-shaped geometry. Hence, the pair of compounds of Xe, i.e. XeO3 and XeOF2 have trigonal pyramidal and T-shaped geometries respectively.

Multiple choice

An octane number of 100 is assigned to ...................

  1. 2,2,4-trimethylpentane

  2. 2-methylbutane

  3. 2,2-dimethylbutane

  4. 2,2-dimethylpentane

  5. 2-methylhexane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The burning efficiency of gasoline is rated by an octane number scale. An octane number of 100 is assigned to 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (also known as isooctane), which is an excellent fuel.

Multiple choice

2AlCl3 represents

  1. two atoms of Aluminium Chloride

  2. two molecules of Aluminium Chloride

  3. three atoms of Chlorine

  4. two atoms of Aluminium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

2AlCl3 represents two molecules of aluminium chloride.

Multiple choice acyl chlorides carboxylic acids and their derivatives functional derivatives of carboxylic acids carbonyl compounds chemistry

Which of the following cannot be named as a derivative of $CH _{3}COOH$?

  1. $CH _{3}CH _{2}COOH$
  2. $(CH _{3}) _{2}CHCOOH$
  3. $HCOOH$
  4. $(CH _{3}) _{3}CCOOH$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Option A, B and D can be derived from $CH _3 COOH$ while option C, i.e., $HCOOH$ cannot be derived from $CH _3COOH$ as $HCOOH$ has one carbon less than $CH _3COOH$.


Option C is correct.

Multiple choice acyl chlorides carboxylic acids and their derivatives functional derivatives of carboxylic acids carbonyl compounds chemistry

Amides and acid chlorides are:

  1. organic functional group

  2. functional derivative of carboxylic acid
  3. both $A$ and $B$

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Amides and Acid chlorides are organic Functional group and functional derivative of carboxylic acid. Amide has general formula $\displaystyle  R - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - NH _2  $. Carboxylic acid has general formula $\displaystyle  R - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - OH  $. An example of amide is acetamide $\displaystyle  CH _3 - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - NH _2   $. An example of carboxylic acid is acetic acid $\displaystyle  CH _3 - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - OH  $. Acid chloride has general formula $\displaystyle  R - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - Cl  $.  An example of acid chloride is acetyl chloride $\displaystyle  CH _3 - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - Cl  $. 

Multiple choice acyl chlorides carboxylic acids and their derivatives functional derivatives of carboxylic acids carbonyl compounds chemistry

Identify the main functional derivative of carboxylic acid.

  1. Ester

  2. Alkane

  3. Alcohol

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ester is the main functional derivative of carboxylic acid. Ester has general formula $\displaystyle  R - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - OR'  $. Carboxylic acid has general formula $\displaystyle  R - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - OH  $. An example of ester is ethyl acetate $\displaystyle  CH _3 - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - O-CH _2-CH _3  $. An example of carboxylic acid is acetic acid $\displaystyle  CH _3 - \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle O}{||}  }{C} - OH  $

Multiple choice acyl chlorides carboxylic acids and their derivatives functional derivatives of carboxylic acids carbonyl compounds chemistry

Acyl halide and acid halide are same groups.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The given statement is True.
Acyl halide and acid halide are same groups. They represent the function group
  $\displaystyle R- \underset {\displaystyle  \underset {\displaystyle \text {O }}{||} }{C}-X$  where X is halogen atom (F, Cl, Br or I). They are derived from carboxylic acids (  $\displaystyle R- \underset {\displaystyle  \underset {\displaystyle \text {O }}{||} }{C}-OH$ ) by replacing a hydroxyl group (-OH) with a halide group.
An example is acetyl chloride  $\displaystyle CH _3- \underset {\displaystyle  \underset {\displaystyle \text {O }}{||} }{C}-Cl$
Another example is benzoyl chloride $\displaystyle Ph- \underset {\displaystyle  \underset {\displaystyle \text {O }}{||} }{C}-Cl$

Multiple choice chemistry alcohols, esters and carboxylic acids reduction of carboxylic acids chemical properties chemical properties of carboxylic acids

$PhCOOH\xrightarrow{DIBALH} $ 

  1. $PhCHO$
  2. $PhO$
  3. $PhCH _2OH$

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Benzoic acid on reduction with di-isobutyl aluminium hydride (DIBALH) gives benzaldehyde.
$\displaystyle PhCOOH \xrightarrow {DIBALH} PhCHO $
Di-isobutyl aluminium hydride (DIBALH) is a reducing agent. It reduces carboxylic acids to aldehydes.

Multiple choice organic compounds with functional group containing oxygen (part-1) uses of alcohols commercially important alcohols - ethanol some commercially important alcohols

Identify the odd one out from the following.

  1. Chloroform

  2. Formaldehyde

  3. Methyl chloride

  4. Methylated spirit
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Denatured alcohol, also called methylated spirits or denatured rectified spirit, is ethanol that has additives to make it poisonous. Rest are made from methane.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds alkanoic acids nomenclature of carboxyl group nomenclature of carboxylic acids

Give the condensed formula of following,
$2 - Hydroxy- 1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic$ acid :

  1. $(HOOC)CH _2C(COOH)(OH)CH _2(COOH)$
  2. $(HOOC)CH _2C(COOH)(COOH)CH _2(OH)$
  3. $(HOOC)CH _3C(COOH)CH _2(COOH)$
  4. $(HOOC)CH _2CH _2C(COOH)(OH)CH _2(COOH)$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
$2 - Hydroxy- 1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid$ 
The name suggests functional groups are - three Carboxylic Acid (main) and one Alcohol (secondary) at position C-2, with 3 carbons in main chain. 
The condensed formula is $(HOOC)CH _2C(COOH)(OH)CH _2(COOH)$
Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds alkanoic acids nomenclature of carboxyl group nomenclature of carboxylic acids

Structure of ethanoic acid is:

  1. $\displaystyle { CH } _{ 3 }-{ CH } _{ 2 }-{ CH } _{ 3 }$
  2. $\displaystyle CH _3-\underset {\displaystyle \underset {\displaystyle O}{ ||}}{C}-OH$
  3. $\displaystyle { CH } _{ 3 }-O-{ C } _{ 3 }{ H } _{ 7 }$
  4. $\displaystyle CH _3-\underset {\displaystyle \underset {\displaystyle O}{ ||}}{C}-CH _3$
  5. $\displaystyle CH _3 - CH _2- NH _2$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Structure of ethanoic acid is $\displaystyle CH _3-\underset {\displaystyle \underset {\displaystyle O}{ ||}}{C}-OH$. It is also called acetic acid. It can be considered as compound formed by substituting the hydrogen atom of methane with carboxylic group $-COOH$.