Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

3,829 Questions

The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics gram staining microbiology: organisms in industry cell wall and cell membrane

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic flagella differ in

  1. Type of movement and placement

  2. Location and mode of functioning

  3. Microtubular structure and function

  4. Microtubular organisation and type of movement
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
 PROKARYOTIC FLAGELLA  EUKARYOTIC FLAGELLA 
 1) It is made up of flagellin proteins.2) It is smaller in size and is narrower.3) It is designed to perform clockwise and anti-clockwise movements.4) They do not contain microtubule-based structures. 1) It is made up of tubulin proteins.2) It is larger in size and is thicker.3) It is designed to perform back and forth movements. 4) They are made up of microtubules.

So, the correct answer is 'Microtubular organisation and type of movement'.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics gram staining microbiology: organisms in industry cell wall and cell membrane

Choose the wrong statements regarding bacterial cell
(a) Glycocalyx is the outer most envelope in bacteria
(b) Gycocalyx could be a loose sheath called capsule
(c) Glycocalyx may be thick and tough called slime layer.
(d) A special structure formed by the plasma membrane is called mesosome.
(e) Small bristle-like fibres sprouting out of the cell are called fimbriae.

  1. a and c are wrong

  2. a and b are wrong

  3. b and c are wrong

  4. a and d are wrong

  5. c and d are wrong.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (b) is wrong because a capsule is a thick, tough layer, not a loose sheath. Statement (c) is wrong because a slime layer is the loose sheath, not the thick/tough one.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics gram staining microbiology: organisms in industry cell wall and cell membrane

Teichoic acid is present in which component of bacteria

  1. Cell wall

  2. Plasma membrane

  3. Outer membrane

  4. Flagella.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • The peptidoglycan layer in Gram-positive bacteria is made up of with anionic glycopolymers called wall teichoic acids.
  •  It plays an important role in determining the cell shape, regulation of cell division etc.
  • Teichoic acids are found within the cell wall of Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Clostridium, Corynebacterium etc.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Cell wall'.
Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics gram staining microbiology: organisms in industry cell wall and cell membrane

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Eubacterial cell walls are composed of ........., and a sticky mesh of polysaccharides, a ......... often surrounds the wall

  1. peptidoglycan, plasma membrane

  2. cellulose; glycocalyx

  3. cellulose; plasma membrane

  4. peptidoglycan; glycocalyx
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Eubacterial cell walls are composed of peptidoglycan and a sticky mesh of polysaccharides, a glycocalyx often surrounds the wall.

So, the correct option is 'peptidoglycan; glycocalyx'.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics gram staining microbiology: organisms in industry cell wall and cell membrane

Glycocalyx (mucilage sheath) of a bacterial cell may occur in the form of a loose sheath called _____ or it may be thick and tough called _____.

  1. Capsule, Slime layer

  2. Slime layer, Capsule

  3. Mesosome, Capsule

  4. Mesosome, Slime layer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Glycocalyx (mucilage sheath) is the outermost layer of the bacterial cell envelope which consists of non-cellulosic polysaccharides with or without proteins. It may occur in the form of loose sheath, called slime layer. If it is a thick covering, it is called capsule. Glycocalyx gives sticky character to the cell and is not absolutely essential for survival of bacteria. It prevents desiccating, protects from phagocytes, toxic chemicals and viruses and serves in attachment. It may give selective advantage through in certain situations.

So, the correct answer is 'Slime layer, capsule'.

Multiple choice zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

Cheetah populations in Africa have been increasing for the past several decades from numbers in the hundreds to numbers in the thousands.
A study was conducted in which skin tissue samples were obtained from five wild cheetahs and grafted onto five other cheetahs. An immune response regarding non-self tissue rejection was absent in the cheetahs that received the skin grafts.
Recently, a small wild population of cheetahs has become infected with a new type of infectious cancer. Scientists are concerned about the extinction of the entire species because

  1. Wild cheetah populations have lost their genetic diversity and are now equally susceptible to diseases.

  2. The immune systems of the wild cheetahs have become suppressed by stressors in their environments.

  3. Wild cheetah populations are still so small that transmission of infectious diseases will occur rapidly.

  4. Skin cancer tends to metastasize faster and be more malignant than many other forms of cancer.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In case the species population were large, it would not face extinction in case of the rapid spread of the infectious disease, until the remedies are put in place by the scientist  to control the disease. Small population and rapid spread are the major concerns with respect to the extinction of the species

So, the correct answer is 'Wild cheetah populations are still so small that transmission of infectious diseases will occur rapidly'

Multiple choice evs structure and functions of living organisms -ii experiments on digestive enzymes role of receptors in the mouth types of teeth introduction to human digestive system circulatory system and organs

Among mammals, an herbivore has

  1. More teeth than carnivore

  2. Flatter teeth than carnivore

  3. Teeth that are more pointed than carnivore

  4. Fever teeth than a carnivore
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The teeth of a carnivore are long and pointed, for tearing raw flesh. Herbivores have flat teeth and flat back molars to grind their food. Carnivores do not have flat back molars at all.  Some herbivores do have small, what we call “canine” teeth for biting into tough plants like apples but these are nothing compared to the size and shape of a carnivore’s teeth. True omnivores teeth are most similar to carnivore teeth. Thus, option B is correct. 

Multiple choice biology the age of adolescence menstruation in females changes at puberty what happens if an egg is not fertilized?

Sexual dimorphism describes

  1. Morphological difference

  2. Physiological difference

  3. Behavioural difference

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sexual dimorphism is the changes that are observed in two sexes of the same organism. There are differences observed in the morphology. The females are smaller than the males. There are physiological changes due to the hormones which are produced in the males and females. The major hormone in the males is testosterone and in the females is oestrogen which is responsible for the difference in the sexual behaviour. There is also a difference in the behaviour. The males are defensive and protective due to the masculine nature. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

Last vertebra of frog is

  1. Paracolic

  2. Amphicoelous

  3. Opisthocoelous

  4. Urostyle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Urostyle is a long bone formed from fused vertebrae at the base of the vertebral column in some lower vertebrates, especially frogs and toads.
  • In frog Eighth vertebra is amphicoelous and the 9th vertebra is biconvex and is attached to urostyle on the posterior side.
  • Hence the Last vertebra of the frog is Urosyyle.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Urostyle'.
Multiple choice biology animal behaviour ethology natural selection coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

On seeing a snake, the prey becomes motionless because

  1. It is hypnotized.

  2. It is anaesthetized.

  3. Instinct to avoid being noticed.

  4. Both A and B.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

For the purpose of avoiding being noticed and to save itself successfully from the snake, the prey becomes motionless. It ambushes itself well with the surroundings. The ambush may be set by hiding in a burrow, by camouflage, by aggressive mimicry, or by the use of a trap.

So, the correct option is 'Instinct to avoid being noticed'.