Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

3,829 Questions

The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice biology cell-the basic unit of life nucleus organelles in cell membranous and non-membranous organells

Acetabularia used in Hammerling's nucleocytoplasmic experiments is

  1. Unicellular fungus

  2. Multicellular fungus

  3. Unicellular uninucleate green alga

  4. Unicellular multinucleate green alga
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Acetabularia is a genus unicellular or single-celled green algae belonging to the family Polyphysaceae which are found in subtropical waters.

  • They are gigantic in size and complex in form, therefore, used in experiments in cell biology.
  • Hammerling's nucleocytoplasmic experiments state that the cytoplasm is the centre for all the metabolic activities in the cell and the nucleus is the controlling centre. 
  • So, the correct answer is 'Unicellular uninucleate green alga'.
Multiple choice biology human brain and sense organs introduction to sense organs eyes and their function the structure and function of the eye

A comb-like vascular structure pectin, used for nourishment and focussing in the eyes of

  1. Amphibians

  2. Birds

  3. Mammals

  4. Reptiles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In the eye of the bird, a comb-like structure is present. It is called as pectin. It is soft and vascular. It is a rectangular plate. It projects into the vitreous humor from the blind spot. So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology human brain and sense organs introduction to sense organs eyes and their function the structure and function of the eye

Pecten is a comb like structure found in the eyes of 

  1. Amphibians

  2. Reptiles

  3. Birds

  4. Mammals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The pecten or pecten oculi is a comb-like structure of blood vessels, belonging to the choroid in the eye of a bird. It is a non-sensory, pigmented structure that projects into the vitreous body from the point, where the optic nerve enters the eyeball. The pecten nourishes the retina and controls the pH of the vitreous body.

Multiple choice biology human brain and sense organs introduction to sense organs eyes and their function the structure and function of the eye

In frog, eyelids are 

  1. Functional

  2. Non-functional

  3. Absent

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Frogs use their regular set of eyelids to keep their eyes moist and clean. They have a bottom lid that stays still and an upper lid that blinks. Frogs also have a third eyelid that serves a different purpose. This one, called as the nictitating membrane, is a semitransparent lid that covers the eye completely, helping the frog see underwater and hide from predators. 

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - friend and foe useful and harmful bacteria bacteria; benefits and harmful effects

Thermococcus, Methanococcus and Methanobacterium exemplify

  1. Bacteria whose DNA is relaxed or positively supercoiled but which have a cytoskeleton as well as mitochondria

  2. Bacteria that contains cytoskeleton and ribosomes

  3. Archaebacteria, that contain protein homologous to eukaryotic core histones

  4. Archaebacteria that lack any histones resembling those found in eukaryotes but whose DNA is negatively supercoiled
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Thermococcus, Methanococcus, and Methanobacterium are Archaea whose histones are shorter than eukaryotic histones and are assembled in tetramers.

Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - friend and foe useful and harmful bacteria bacteria; benefits and harmful effects

The bacteria which lacks flagella and moves by gliding are
included in

  1. Spirochaetes

  2. Rickettsia

  3. Myxobacteria

  4. Eubacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cyanobacteria are also called myxobacteria. In which flagella one completely absent but the movement occurs in some genera by special gliding motion. Such movement are connected with the secretion of mucilage.

Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - friend and foe useful and harmful bacteria bacteria; benefits and harmful effects

Select the correct combination of the statement (1-4) regarding the characteristics of certain organisms. 
(1) Methanogens are Archaebacteria, which produce methane in marshy areas.
(2) Nostoc is a filamentous blue-green alga, which fixes atmospheric nitrogen.
(3) Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria synthesize cellulose from glucose.
(4) Mycoplasma lacks a cell wall and can survive without oxygen.
The correct statements are 

  1. (2) and (3)

  2. (1), (2) and (3)

  3. (2), (3) and (4)

  4. (1), (2) and (4)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Methanogens are microorganisms that produce methane as a metabolic byproduct in anoxic conditions. They are classified as Archaea, a domain distinct from bacteria. They are common in wetlands, where they are responsible for marsh gas. Cyanobacteria are often called as blue-green algae. Cyanobacteria are a photosynthetic nitrogen fixing group that survive in wide variety of habitats, soils, and water. Mycoplasma refers to a genus of bacteria that lack a cell wall. Mycoplasma can survive without oxygen.

Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - friend and foe useful and harmful bacteria bacteria; benefits and harmful effects

VFDF is produced by

  1. Lingbya

  2. Microcystis

  3. Aulosira

  4. Tolypothrix
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

VFDF is also called as Very Fast Death Factor. It is an anatoxin produced by a cyanobacteria, Lingbya. It is a neurotoxin. It causes severe overstimulation of respiratory muscles. This ultimately can result in death.

Thus, the correct answer 'Lingbya.'

Multiple choice zoology diversity in living world hemichordata phylum hemichordata chordates and hemichordates

Tongue worm is 

  1. Nereis

  2. Taenia

  3. Balanoglossus

  4. Ancyclostoma
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Any wormlike invertebrate of the phylum Pentastomida (or subphylum of Arthropoda), having two pairs of hooks at the sides of the mouth: all are parasitic, some in the respiratory tracts of mammals.

Nereis is a genus of polychaete worm.
Taenia is a tapeworm.
Balanoglossus is the acorn worm. It is also called Tongue worm due to the resemblance of the proboscis & genital wings to Ox tongue.
Ancyclostoma It is a parasitic nematode worm
So the answer is 'Balanoglossus'. 

Multiple choice zoology diversity in living world hemichordata phylum hemichordata chordates and hemichordates

Notochord is absent in the group

  1. Hemichordata

  2. Chordata

  3. Cephalochordata

  4. Urochordata
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hemichordates are marine invertebrates which are closely related to both chordates and echinoderms. They are deuterostomes which have pharyngeal gill slits and most of them have a dorsal nerve cord and they lack a notochord.

So, the correct answer is 'Hemichordata'.

Multiple choice zoology diversity in living world hemichordata phylum hemichordata chordates and hemichordates

Choose the incorrect statement.

  1. Balanoglossus is a worm like marine animal with external fertilization and indirect development

  2. Urochordates exhibit retrograde metamorphosis

  3. Crocodiles have completely divided for chambered heart

  4. Male Macropus is a mammal exhibiting saltatory locomotion and brood pouch for parental care
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Balanoglossus is a hemichordate. While it is a marine animal, it is not a worm in the traditional sense, and the statement is generally accepted as true in biological contexts regarding its development.