General Awareness · Science General

Inventors and Scientific Discoveries

4,616 Questions

This hub provides questions related to great inventors and their scientific discoveries. It covers the inventors of the telephone, radio, and microchips, alongside Nobel Prize winners. These facts are crucial for the general awareness section of major competitive exams.

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Inventors and Scientific Discoveries Questions

Multiple choice vernalisation plant growth growth and development plant growth and development biology

The term vernalization was first introduced by

  1. G. Haberlandt

  2. T D. Lysenko

  3. Kurosawa

  4. Dickens
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Vernalization is a method in which the seeds or the plants are exposed to certain treatments in order to initiate the process of flowering. 
  • Generally, the plants are exposed to cold treatment, which induces the plants to produce flowers. 
  • This term was introduced by T. D. Lysenko in the year 1920.
  • Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
Multiple choice vernalisation plant growth growth and development plant growth and development biology

The term "vernalisation" was coined by

  1. Garner and Allard

  2. Darwin

  3. Geoffery

  4. Lysenko
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vernalization is the process by which plant can be induced to flower by exposing it to the prolonged cold or winter. The term was coined by Lysenko in 1928. He stated that certain plants can be made to flower by providing low temperature treatment to young plants or moistened seeds.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice vernalisation plant growth growth and development plant growth and development biology

The term 'Yarovization' was coined by

  1. Lysenko

  2. Klebs

  3. Yabuta

  4. Kogl and Haagen-Smit
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Yarovization is the process by which plant can be induced to flower by exposing it to the prolonged cold of winter. After this, plants show flowering. The term was coined by Lysenko in 1928.  He stated that certain plants can be made to flower by providing low temperature treatment to young plants or moistened seeds. Other terms like vernalization, jarovization, springification were also coined for the same phenomenon. However, today the most accepted term is vernalization.

Thus, the correct answer is A 'Lysenko'

Multiple choice physics scientists inventions and inventors in science indian scientist: biography and achievements scientist and their achievements

Antoine Henri Becquerel was awarded the Nobel Prize in $1903$ for.

  1. Discovering spontaneous radioactivity

  2. Diffraction of X-rays

  3. Demonstrating the influence of earth's magnetic field on its atmosphere

  4. Investigating the absorption of light by crystals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Antonie Henri Becquerel was awarded Nobel prize in $1903$ for discovering spontaneous radioactivity.

Multiple choice physics scientists inventions and inventors in science indian scientist: biography and achievements scientist and their achievements

Who enunciated the principle of equipartition of energy?

  1. Ludwig Bolizmann

  2. Joseph Stefan

  3. Sir James Hopwood Jeans

  4. James Prescott Joule
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ludwig Boltzmann enunciated the principle of equipartition of energy, which states that energy is distributed equally among all degrees of freedom in thermal equilibrium. Joseph Stefan, Jeans, and Joule made other contributions to thermodynamics.

Multiple choice physics scientists inventions and inventors in science indian scientist: biography and achievements scientist and their achievements

He introduced a triatomic theory of colour vision, was the first to observe ocular astigmatism, he proved that the accommodation of eye was affected by change of curvature of the crystalline lens, but most famour for his discovery of interference of light and for developing the wave theory of light. Who was this physician-cum-physicist?

  1. Augustin Jean F. Fresnel

  2. Humphrey Lloyd

  3. Christiaan Huygens

  4. Thomas Young
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The triatomic theory of colour vision. The interference of light and for developing the wave theory of light. The physician -cum-physicist was Thomas Young.

Multiple choice population and how it changes human population ecology and environment zoology

The principle of competitive exclusion was enunciated by

  1. Verhulst and Pearl

  2. C. Darwin

  3. G.F. Gause

  4. MacArthur.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The principle of competitive exclusion is also called as Gause's Competitive Exclusion principle which states that two closely related species competing for the same resource can not co-exist indefinitely and the competitively inferior one will be eliminated eventually and this was given by G.F. Gause. So the correct option is "G.F. Gause"

Multiple choice properties of enzyme enzyme properties enzymes biomolecules: chemical constituents of living cells biology

Nobel Prize for discovering enzymes was given to 

  1. Kuhne

  2. Duclaux

  3. Buchner

  4. Dubrunfaut
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Biocatalysts were found accidentally in yeast extract by Buchner in 1897. He prepared a yeast extract and added sugar solution to it. After some time he noticed the alcohol formation in the extract which was a sign of fermentation which took in presence of enzyme. Later on, summer crystallized an enzyme known as urease and reported that all enzymes are protein.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Multiple choice properties of enzyme enzyme properties enzymes biomolecules: chemical constituents of living cells biology

Who confirmed protein nature of enzymes?

  1. Monod et al

  2. Arber et al

  3. Berzelius

  4. Northrop
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
The proteinous nature of enzyme was proved by Sumner, John Howard Northrop, and Wendell Meredith Stanley. Enzymes are proteins which help to catalyze the biochemical reaction. The enzyme has a protein part which is not active is known as apoenzyme. It gets activated by the addition of an organic or inorganic cofactor. The holoenzyme is defined as apoenzyme in combination with the cofactor. 
So, the correct answer is option D.
Multiple choice properties of enzyme enzyme properties enzymes biomolecules: chemical constituents of living cells biology

The suffix $-ase$ to enzyme names was proposed by

  1. Duclaux

  2. Buchner

  3. Northrop

  4. Pasteur
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The suffix -ase  is used for the nomenclature of the enzyme. It is used at the end of the substrate. For example, the enzyme that breaks down peroxides are known as peroxidases. Hexokinase are the enzyme which helps in synthesis of hexose sugar. In 1898 Duclaux proposed the suffix -ase.

So, the correct answer is option A.