Inventors and Scientific Discoveries

Albert Einstein (often misspelled Einstien) said this about scientific thinking. He meant that while simplicity is good in science, oversimplification that loses essential complexity is wrong - don't make things simpler than they should be.

This is a well-known quote by Albert Einstein, emphasizing the creative power of the human mind over mere factual accumulation.

Beaumont recognized that he had in St. Martin an unusual opportunity to observe digestive processes. Dr. Beaumont began to perform experiments on digestion for the first time using the stomach of St. Martin. He is known as father of gastric physiology.

In $1935$, Danielli and Davson proposed that cell membrane is made of a double layer of phospholipid molecules sandwiched between two single layers of proteins. The three layers are held together by electrostatic forces while phospholipid layers are kept adhered by vander Waal's forces.

Lipids are fatty acids esters of alcohols. They are insoluble in water but get dissolved in an inorganic solvent like acetone, chloroform ether etc. lipid was termed by Bloor in 1943. Altman discovered mitochondria. Berzelius discovered chemical elements selenium, throium, cerium and silicon and Sutherland discovers the epinephrine. Thus, the correct option is B.

'Mass flow hypothesis' or 'Pressure flow hypothesis' to explain translocation was given by Munch, 1930. 

In 1991, the Nobel prize in medicine or physiology was given to Erwin Neher and Bert Sarkmann for the discovery of single ion channels in cells. They were able to develop a technique that registers very minute variations in electric currents that passes through a single ion channel. This new method helped them to watch the activity of a single molecule.  

Classical growth experiments were conducted by Darwin, Boysen-Jensen paved path to refute ancient misconceptions on plant growth. Boysen and Jensen conducted some experiments, which provided more direct evidence that transmissible substance produced in the tip participates in the response. Charles Darwin explored the inductive nature and mechanistic connection between phototropism and gravitropism.

Classical experiments on growth were performed by Boysen - Jennsen and Darwin. The existence of first plant growth hormone came from the work of Darwin. They found that bending movement of coleoptile of canary grass was due to exposure of tip to unilateral light. Boysen - Jennsen found that the tip produces a chemical which was later named auxin. Darwin's findings on plants have been published as a book in the name of 'The power of movements in plants.

Eduard Adolf Strasburger was a Polish - German professor who has one of the most famous botanists of the 19th century. He had contributed a lot towards the field of botany. He explained about the distribution of growth in a root by marking it at equal intervals with Indian ink.

Thermos flask is a special kind of bottle used for keeping the hot liquid hot and the cold liquid cool for a sufficiently long time. It was devised by sir James Dewar and do it is also known as Dewar Flask.

Milstein and Kohler described the first technique developed for stable monoclonal antibody production.

Blackman's (1905) law of limiting factors states that if a chemical process is affected by more than one factor, then its rate will be determined by the factor which is nearest to its minimal value; it is the factor which directly affects the process if its quantity is changed.