Indian Polity and Governance

As per provisions under Article 143

Such is the prerogative of the Parliament.

According NHRC Act 1993, only a retired CJI can become chairperson of NHRC, appointed by President on the recommendation of a committee comprising of PM, Speaker of Lok Sabha, Home Minister, Leader of Opposition of both Sabha, Home Minister, Leader of Opposition of both Houses of Parliament and Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha

Article 217(3) authorizes the President to determine questions regarding a High Court judge's age, with this decision being final and conclusive. The President may consult the Chief Justice of the concerned High Court before making this determination, but the authority to decide rests solely with the President.

Section 21 IPC defines 'public servant'. Liquidators (appointed by court), civil judges, and panchayat members assisting courts are explicitly included. However, the secretary of a cooperative society is NOT a public servant unless the cooperative is specifically notified by the government. Cooperative societies are generally private bodies, not state instruments.

The President of India is elected by an Electoral College consisting of elected members of both Houses of Parliament and elected members of State Legislative Assemblies (Vidhan Sabhas). This indirect election system ensures federal representation.

PM resigns if he loses the majority in the house. It is a convention and not mentioned in the Constitution. Conventions are unwritten practices which are binding on the three organs of the state.

Under Article 76, impeachment procedure for the Attorney General is not provided. He shall hold office during the pleasure of the President. He must not be a member of either House of Parliament.

The President of India has a fixed 5-year term under Article 56. Governors serve at the pleasure of the President (no fixed term), while Prime Minister and Chief Justice have no constitutionally fixed terms.

Under Article 103 of the Indian Constitution, the President's decision on MP disqualification is final and cannot be challenged in court. The Speaker or Vice-President may recommend disqualification, but only the President decides.

Under Article 94 of the Indian Constitution, the Speaker of Lok Sabha submits resignation to the Deputy Speaker. This constitutional provision ensures continuity of the House's leadership structure during vacancies in the Speaker's office. The Deputy Speaker, being the second-highest presiding officer, is the appropriate authority to receive such resignation.

'Rubber stamp' means 'a person or organisation that gives automatic approval or authorisation to the decisions of others, without proper consideration'.

As per provisions given under Article 281 of the Indian Constitution, the recommendations of the Finance Commission go to the President, who is constitutionally bound to place it before the two Houses of the Parliament.

Article 108 of the Indian Constitution empowers the President to summon a joint sitting of both Houses of Parliament. This happens when a bill is passed by one House but rejected by the other, or when both Houses disagree on amendments. The Vice President presides over the Rajya Sabha but cannot call joint sessions.

In India, the Governor of a State serves as the Chancellor of State Universities. This is a constitutional convention where the Governor acts as the nominal head of universities in the state. The Chief Minister, Chief Justice, and President do not hold this position for state universities.