Indian Independence Movement

The Justice party was led by older, established leaders like Kurma Venkta Reddy Naidu and Pannirselvam.

The commission of India was set up in January 1950 to conduct general election in India after independence. Sukumar Sen was the first election commissioner of India.   

Fakhruddin Ali Ahmad was the Indian president at the time of emergency.

In 1899, V.D. Savarkar and his brother Ganesh Savarkar established a secret revolutionary society ‘Mitra Mela’, which influenced the members to fight for “absolute political independence” of India.

Ghadar party was an extremist revolutionary organisation founded by Sikhs in the US and Canada with the aim of securing India's independence from British rule. It was founded by Lala Hardayal and Sohan Singh Bhakna in the year 1913. The party had its headquarters in San Francisco. Its key members were Bhai Parmanand, Kartar Singh Sarabha, Abdul Hafiz Mohamed Barakatullah, Rashbehari Bose and Gulab Kaur.

Bhagat Singh was a key leader and the principal secretary of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) when it was reorganized in 1928-1929.

PM Pookoya Tangal was the President of Khilafat committee in Kerala. The Khilafat movement was a political protest campaign launched by Muslims of India to influence the British government not to abolish the Ottoman Caliphate. In India, Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar and his brother Maulana Shaukat Ali along with some other Muslim leaders created an All India Khilafat Committee, at Lucknow. The movement collapsed when the caliphate was abolished in 1924.

Chettoor Sankaran Iyer was the President of the Indian National Congress in the 1897 session held at Amravati. Until present, he is the only Keralite to hold the post. He served as a member of the Madras Legislative Council and also as a permanent judge in the Madras High Court.

Annie Besant, a prominent leader of the Home Rule Movement, presided over the first Malabar District Congress conference held at Palakkad in 1916.

The founding president of Ghadar Party was Sohan Singh Bhakna. The aim of the party was to rid of the colonial super-power by means of an armed struggle and to set up a national democratic government on the sub-continent. The party was multi-ethnic and had Hindu, Sikh and Muslim leaders with its headquarters San Francisco.

Anusheelan Samiti was a secret revolutionary society formed by Pramathanath Mitra. It challenged the British rule in India by engaging in militant nationalism including bombings, assassinations, and politically-motivated violence. Some of its members were Sri Aurobindo , Deshabandhu Chittaranjan Das, Surendranath Tagore, Bagha Jatin, Barindra Ghosh etc.

Indian Association founded by Dwarkanath Tagore and his illustration cousin Prasanno Kumar Tagore in 1831.
From its foundation on 28 December 1885 until the time of independence of India on 15 August 1947, the Indian National Congress was the largest and most prominent Indian public organization, and have defining influence on the Indian Independence Movement. All- India Muslim league, founded in 1906 under the leadership of Muhammad Ali Jinnah. RSS was founded in 1925 by Dr. Keshav Baliram Hedgewar.

The Early Nationalists leaders who led the Congress and National Movement from 1858 to 1905 were staunch believers in open minded and moderate politics. They were called moderates.

A school of Nationalism had existed in the country from almost the beginning of the national movement. This school was represented by  leaders like Rajnarain Bose and Ashwani Kumar Dutta in Bengal and VIshnu Shastri Chiplunkar in Maharashtra.