Biology

Human Immunity and Blood

2,096 Questions

Human immunity and blood questions cover the physiological mechanisms protecting the body against diseases and the components of blood. Topics include blood groups, cell mediated immunity, monoclonal antibodies, and blood coagulation. These biology topics frequently appear in general science sections of competitive exams.

Blood groupsCell mediated immunityMonoclonal antibodiesBlood coagulationCancer immunology

Human Immunity and Blood Questions

Multiple choice

What is the difference between a BCR and an antibody?

  1. BCRs are expressed on the surface of B cells, while antibodies are secreted by B cells

  2. BCRs are specific for a single antigen, while antibodies can recognize multiple antigens

  3. BCRs are composed of immunoglobulin molecules, while antibodies are composed of different types of proteins

  4. BCRs are involved in the activation of B cells, while antibodies are involved in the effector phase of the immune response
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

BCRs are expressed on the surface of B cells and are responsible for recognizing and binding to antigens. Antibodies are secreted by B cells and are responsible for neutralizing pathogens and activating other immune cells.

Multiple choice

What is the role of B cells in the adaptive immune response?

  1. To produce antibodies

  2. To activate T cells

  3. To help T cells differentiate into memory T cells

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

B cells play a critical role in the adaptive immune response by producing antibodies, activating T cells, and helping T cells differentiate into memory T cells.

Multiple choice

What is the role of B cells in the innate immune response?

  1. To produce antibodies

  2. To activate T cells

  3. To help T cells differentiate into memory T cells

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

B cells are not involved in the innate immune response.

Multiple choice

What is the role of B cells in autoimmune diseases?

  1. To produce antibodies against self-antigens

  2. To activate T cells that attack self-tissues

  3. To help T cells differentiate into memory T cells that attack self-tissues

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In autoimmune diseases, B cells can produce antibodies against self-antigens, activate T cells that attack self-tissues, and help T cells differentiate into memory T cells that attack self-tissues.

Multiple choice

What is the role of B cells in cancer?

  1. To produce antibodies against cancer cells

  2. To activate T cells that attack cancer cells

  3. To help T cells differentiate into memory T cells that attack cancer cells

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

B cells can play a role in cancer by producing antibodies against cancer cells, activating T cells that attack cancer cells, and helping T cells differentiate into memory T cells that attack cancer cells.

Multiple choice

What is the role of B cells in transplantation?

  1. To produce antibodies against donor antigens

  2. To activate T cells that attack donor tissues

  3. To help T cells differentiate into memory T cells that attack donor tissues

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In transplantation, B cells can produce antibodies against donor antigens, activate T cells that attack donor tissues, and help T cells differentiate into memory T cells that attack donor tissues.

Multiple choice

What is the role of B cells in allergy?

  1. To produce antibodies against allergens

  2. To activate T cells that attack allergens

  3. To help T cells differentiate into memory T cells that attack allergens

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In allergy, B cells can produce antibodies against allergens, activate T cells that attack allergens, and help T cells differentiate into memory T cells that attack allergens.

Multiple choice

What is the role of B cells in asthma?

  1. To produce antibodies against allergens

  2. To activate T cells that attack allergens

  3. To help T cells differentiate into memory T cells that attack allergens

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In asthma, B cells can produce antibodies against allergens, activate T cells that attack allergens, and help T cells differentiate into memory T cells that attack allergens.

Multiple choice

What is the role of B cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

  1. To produce antibodies against allergens

  2. To activate T cells that attack allergens

  3. To help T cells differentiate into memory T cells that attack allergens

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In COPD, B cells can produce antibodies against allergens, activate T cells that attack allergens, and help T cells differentiate into memory T cells that attack allergens.

Multiple choice

What is the role of B cells in cystic fibrosis?

  1. To produce antibodies against allergens

  2. To activate T cells that attack allergens

  3. To help T cells differentiate into memory T cells that attack allergens

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In cystic fibrosis, B cells can produce antibodies against allergens, activate T cells that attack allergens, and help T cells differentiate into memory T cells that attack allergens.

Multiple choice

Which treatment approach utilizes the body's immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells?

  1. Chemotherapy

  2. Radiation therapy

  3. Surgery

  4. Immunotherapy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Immunotherapy harnesses the body's immune system to identify and target cancer cells, stimulating an immune response to eliminate them.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the immune response against a transplanted organ or tissue?

  1. Rejection

  2. Acceptance

  3. Tolerance

  4. Immunosuppression
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Rejection is the term used to describe the immune response against a transplanted organ or tissue, which can lead to the destruction and failure of the transplant.

Multiple choice

Which type of immune response is primarily responsible for the rejection of transplanted organs and tissues?

  1. Humoral immune response

  2. Cell-mediated immune response

  3. Both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses

  4. Neither humoral nor cell-mediated immune responses
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses are involved in the rejection of transplanted organs and tissues. Humoral immune response involves the production of antibodies that recognize and attack foreign antigens on the transplanted tissue, while cell-mediated immune response involves the activation of T cells that directly attack and destroy the transplanted tissue.

Multiple choice

What is the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and how does it contribute to transplant rejection?

  1. A group of genes that encode proteins involved in immune recognition

  2. A group of genes that encode proteins involved in tissue repair

  3. A group of genes that encode proteins involved in blood clotting

  4. A group of genes that encode proteins involved in hormone production
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a group of genes that encode proteins involved in immune recognition. MHC proteins are expressed on the surface of cells and present foreign antigens to T cells, which can then activate an immune response against the transplanted tissue.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the state of immune tolerance to a transplanted organ or tissue?

  1. Rejection

  2. Acceptance

  3. Tolerance

  4. Immunosuppression
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Tolerance is the term used to describe the state of immune tolerance to a transplanted organ or tissue, in which the immune system does not recognize the transplanted tissue as foreign and does not mount an immune response against it.