Biology · General Awareness

Human Endocrine System

1,530 Questions

The human endocrine system comprises glands that secrete hormones to regulate bodily functions like metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Competitive exams frequently test the specific roles of hormones such as adrenaline, insulin, and progesterone. Use these questions to master the locations and functions of different hormones.

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Human Endocrine System Questions

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Which one affects liver, muscle and adipose tissue?

  1. Androgen

  2. Insulin

  3. Progesterone

  4. Glucagon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Insulin helps control blood glucose levels by signaling the liver and muscle and fat cells to take in glucose from the blood. Insulin therefore helps cells to take in glucose to be used for energy.

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Which hormone can increase rate of formation of glycogen, volume of blood in vessel and rate of heart beat?

  1. Insulin

  2. Glucagon

  3. Adrenaline

  4. FSH
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Adrenaline is a natural stimulant hormone made in the adrenal gland of the kidney. Adrenaline is carried in the bloodstream and affects the autonomous nervous system, which controls functions such as the heart rate, dilation of the pupils, and secretion of sweat and saliva.

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Hormone responsible for the implantation of embryo in uterus and formation of placenta is

  1. Adrenaline

  2. Progesterone

  3. Estradiol

  4. FSH
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Progesterone is a hormone secreted by ovaries. It maintains the lining of the uterus during the middle part of the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy. If a pregnancy occurs, progesterone is produced in the placenta, and levels remain elevated throughout the pregnancy. One of the progesterone's most important functions is to cause the endometrium to secrete special proteins during the second half of the menstrual cycle, preparing it to receive and nourish an implanted fertilized egg. If implantation does not occur, estrogen and progesterone levels drop, the endometrium breaks down and menstruation occurs.

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Testosterone, a hormone responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics in male is produced by the

  1. Spermatogonia

  2. Seminiferous tubules

  3. Anterior lobe of the pituitary

  4. Cells that lie between seminiferous tubules
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Leydig cells, also known as interstitial cells of Leydig, are found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle. They produce testosterone in the presence of luteinizing hormone (LH). 

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Male hormone is

  1. Adrenalin

  2. Testosterone

  3. Progesterone

  4. Insulin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In men, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues, such as the testis and prostate as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics, such as increased muscle, bone mass, and the growth of body hair.

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Leydig's cells secrete

  1. Oestrogen

  2. Progesterone

  3. Testosterone

  4. Aldosterone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The male sex hormone testosterone is produced by Leydig cells. These cells are located in the connective (interstitial) tissue, that holds the tubules together within each lobule. The tissue becomes markedly active at puberty under the influence of the interstitial-cell-stimulating hormone of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

The effect of prolactin will be marked in

  1. Bones

  2. Pancreas

  3. Mammary gland

  4. Liver
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Prolactin is produced both in the anterior pituitary gland. It stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk (lactation); increased serum concentrations of prolactin during pregnancy cause enlargement of the mammary glands of the breasts and prepare for the production of milk. 

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

The hormone which brings about characteristic changes in the male at puberty is called as

  1. Testosterone

  2. Oestrogen

  3. FSH

  4. LH
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In men, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues, such as the testis and prostate as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics, such as increased muscle, bone mass, and the growth of body hair.

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Which hormone is secreted at the time of parturition?

  1. Progesterone

  2. Thyroxin

  3. Relaxin

  4. Glucocorticoid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In women, relaxin is secreted into the circulation by the corpus luteum in the ovary. During pregnancy it is also released from the placenta, the membranes, which surround the foetus, and the lining of the uterus. During pregnancy, relaxin levels are at their highest in the first trimester. At this time it is believed to promote implantation of the developing foetus into the wall of the uterus and the growth of the placenta. Towards the end of pregnancy, relaxin promotes rupture of the membranes surrounding the foetus and the growth, opening and softening of the cervix and vagina to aid the process of childbirth. Relaxin can relax the ligaments at the front of the cervix to ease delivery of the baby. 

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Adenohypophyseal hormone, that stimulates the gonads in males and females are called as

  1. Prolactin

  2. Luteotropic hormone

  3. Follicle stimulating hormone

  4. Gonadotropins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Gonadotropins are secreted from the anterior pituitary gland and act on the gonads (i.e., the ovaries or testes). Gonadotrophs secrete two primary gonadotropins: luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). 

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Breast development during pregnancy is induced by

  1. Thyroxin

  2. Progesterone and estrogen

  3. Relaxin

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Estrogen promotes the development of the ductal system, while progesterone promotes the development of the lobulo-alveolar system in the breasts during pregnancy.

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

In male, the retard growth of the secondary sexual characters is due to the deficiency of which one of the following hormones?

  1. Progesteron

  2. Androsterone

  3. Cortin

  4. Thyroxin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Androgens include the male hormones testosterone and androsterone and promote development of male sex characteristics. The androgens promote the secondary sex characteristics of muscle growth, lowered voice range, the Adam's apple, and increased body hair.

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

The name of hormone secreted by the pituitary, which facilitates growth of ovarian follicle is

  1. Progesterone

  2. LH

  3. FSH

  4. Estradiol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is synthesized and secreted under the influence of GnRH on the anterior pituitary. It regulates the development, growth, maturation of ovarian follicle, pubertal maturation and reproductive processes of the body. FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH) act synergistically in reproduction. Under the influence of FSH ovary secretes estrogen. Thus the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

In males, the essential hormone for secondary sexual characteristics is

  1. Testosterone

  2. Progesterone

  3. Estrogen

  4. Relaxin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The major sex hormone in men is testosterone, which is produced mainly in the testes. They are crucial for male sexual and reproductive function. They are also responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics in men, including facial and body hair growth, and bone and muscle development. 

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Pregnancy hormone is

  1. Oestrogen

  2. Androgen

  3. Progesterone

  4. Gestron
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Progesterone is a natural female hormone. It is called as the pregnancy hormone, it is essential before and during pregnancy. After ovulation occurs, the ovaries start to produce progesterone needed by the uterus. Progesterone causes the uterine lining or endometrium to thicken. This helps prepare a supportive environment in the uterus for a fertilized egg. After 8 to 10 weeks of pregnancy, the placenta takes over progesterone production from the ovaries and substantially increases progesterone production.

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.