Biology · General Awareness

Human Endocrine System

1,395 Questions

The human endocrine system comprises glands that secrete hormones to regulate bodily functions like metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Competitive exams frequently test the specific roles of hormones such as adrenaline, insulin, and progesterone. Use these questions to master the locations and functions of different hormones.

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Human Endocrine System Questions

Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration hormones of placenta coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Identify the placental hormone

  1. Insulin

  2. Vasopressin

  3. Somatotropic hormone

  4. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Human chorionic hormone (hCG) is placental hormone concerning with maintenance of pregnancy. 

Insulin is a pancreatic hormone while vasopressin and somatotropic hormone (growth hormone) are secreted from pituitary gland.
So, the correct option is 'Human chorionic hormone'.

Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration hormones of placenta coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Placenta produces

  1. GH

  2. ACTH

  3. Progesterone

  4. Gastrin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • GH and ACTH are secreted by the cells of the anterior pituitary.
  • Gastrin hormone is produced by the parietal cells of the stomach and aids in gastric mobility.
  • The growing placenta produces progesterone prevents the shedding of the uterine lining since this would result in pregnancy loss. It also suppresses the ability of the muscular layer of the uterine wall to contract, which is important in preventing labour from occurring before the end of pregnancy.
  • So, the correct option is 'Progesterone'.
Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration hormones of placenta coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Chorionic gonadotropin is secreted by

  1. Pituitary

  2. Ovary

  3. Placenta

  4. Uterus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

During implantation of the zygote in the uterus, the chorionic villi and the uterine endometrium become interdigitated with each other and form the placenta. The placenta supplies oxygen/nutrients to the developing fetus and also removes carbon dioxide and waste products from the fetus. Placenta also acts as an endocrine tissue and secretes several hormones like Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG), human placental lactogen (hPL), estrogen, progesterone etc.

So the correct answer is C.

Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration hormones of placenta coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Human chorionic gonadotropin is secreted by 

  1. Chorion

  2. Amnion

  3. Corpus luteum

  4. Placenta

  5. Ovaries
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The placenta is an organ, that connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall to allow nutrient uptake, waste elimination etc. hCG is human chorionic gonadotropin hormone, that can be found in maternal blood and urine shortly after implantation has occured. hCG is present only during pregnancy as it is secreted by the placenta. The syncytical layer of chorionic villi of placenta secretes hCG.
Thus, the correct answer is option (D).

Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration hormones of placenta coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Chorionic gonadotropic hormone is secreted by 

  1. Ovary

  2. Pituitary

  3. Uterus

  4. Placenta
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • The hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is produced during pregnancy.
  • It is made by cells formed in the placenta, which nourishes the egg after it has been fertilized and becomes attached to the uterine wall.
  • Its levels can first be detected by a blood test about 11 days after conception and about 12-14 days after conception by a urine test.
So, the correct option is 'Placenta'.

Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration hormones of placenta coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Several hormones like hCG, hPL, estrogen and progesterone are produced by

  1. Pituitary

  2. Ovary

  3. Placenta

  4. Fallopian tube
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The placenta produces two steroid hormones, Estrogen and Progesterone along with a few proteinaceous hormones which include human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), human placental lactogen (hPL), placental growth hormone, relaxin and kisspeptin. These hormones function to support pregnancy during the gestation period.

So, the correct option is 'Placenta'.

Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration hormones of placenta coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Human chorionic gonadotrophin is secreted by

  1. Chorion

  2. Amnion

  3. Placenta

  4. Corpus luteum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Human chorionic gonadotrophin is a hormone secreted by the placenta during pregnancy. It is a pregnancy indicating hormone.

Corpus luteum secretes mainly progesterone and small quantity of estrogen.
While amnion and chorion are extraembryonic Membranes separating the fetus from the endometrium.
So, the correct option is 'Placenta'.

Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration hormones of placenta coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Hormone which is not produced in women only during pregnancy is 

  1. hCG

  2. hPL

  3. hCS

  4. Estrogen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotrophins), hPL (Human Placental Lactogen), hCS (human Chorionic somatomammotropin) are the hormones secreted by placenta so they are released during pregnancy only as the placenta is formed in pregnancy only. Placenta release other hormones as Estrogen and progesterone but these hormones are released by ovaries even in non-pregnant females. Therefore, hCG, hPL, and hCS are exclusively released in pregnancy from placenta.

So, the correct answer is 'Estrogen'.

Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration hormones of placenta coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Several hormones like hCG, hPL, Oestrogen, Progesterone are produced by

  1. Ovary

  2. Placenta

  3. Fallopian tube

  4. Pituitary
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Hormones secreted by the placenta are  Estrogen, Progesterone, hCS, hPL & hCG. The placenta is an endocrine gland that is only present during pregnancy. hCG or the human chorionic gonadotrophin is secreted in excess amount in early pregnancy. IT's presence in urine is used for the pregnancy test. hCS or human placental somato mammotropin is also called placental lactogen. It acts a mild growth hormone. 
So the correct option is 'placenta'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism diabetes mellitus lifestyle diseases coordination in human beings- chemical control non-infectious diseases

___________ hormone regulates blood glucose level.

  1. Insulin

  2. Thyroidx

  3. Growth hormone

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells in the pancreas. It regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats by promoting the absorption of glucose from the blood to skeletal muscles and fat tissue and by causing fat to be stored rather than used for energy. 
  • Insulin also inhibits the production of glucose by the liver. Except in the presence of the metabolic disorder diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, insulin is provided within the body in a constant proportion to remove excess glucose from the blood, which otherwise would be toxic. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice different stages of growth reproductive system in humans division for growth and reproduction human system biology

Which of the following hormone controls the biological clock of ageing?

  1. Thymosin

  2. Insulin

  3. Pancreas

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • The thymus gland secretes a peptide hormone called Thymosin. Thymosin plays a major role in the differentiation of T-lymphocytes, which provide cell-mediated immunity. In addition, thymosins also promote the production of antibodies to provide humoral immunity.
  • The thymus gland is degenerated in old individuals resulting in a decreased production of thymosins. As a result, the immune responses of old persons become weak.
  • Hence Thymosin hormone controls the biological clock of ageing by promoting immunity in adult and by degeneration in older individuals.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Thymosin'.
Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration kidney hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which of the following is NOT produced by kidneys?

  1. Calcitriol

  2. Erythropoietin

  3. Angiotensinogen

  4. Renin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Calcitrol is produced by the cells of the proximal tubule of the nephron in the kidneys. Erythropoietin is also produced by the kidney. Renin is secreted by the juxtaglomerular kidney cells. Angiotensinogen is a component of the renin-angiotensin (RAS) system and is released into circulation mainly by the liver. So, the correct answer is 'Angiotensinogen'. 

Multiple choice botany flower to flower flower: parts of a flower flower and pollination calyx and corolla importance of pollination

Which of the following hormones is not secreted by human placenta?

  1. hCG

  2. Estrogens

  3. Progesterone

  4. LH
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

LH is the hormone that is not secreted by human placenta. It is secreted by anterior pituitary. Initially during pregnancy, hCG performs the function of LH of maintaining corpus luteum for the secretion of progesterone. Later (around 16th week) in pregnancy, when placenta itself starts secreting estrogen and progesterone, corpus luteum regresses.

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms feedback mechanism mechanism of hormone action and feedback mechanisms role of hormones in coordination

Which one of the following statements is correct?

  1. Endocrine glands regulate neural activity, but not vice versa

  2. Neurons regulate endocrine activity, but not vice versa

  3. Endocrine glands regulate neural activity, and nervous system regulates endocrine glands

  4. Neither hormones control neural activity nor the neurons control endocrine activity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Endocrine system, like the nervous system, is meant for internal communication and regulation of the animal body. These two systems operate in a coordinated way on many occasions. Many important functions of the endocrine system are infact, under the control of nervous system. Therefore, the two systems are often collectively called as neuroendocrine system

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms feedback mechanism mechanism of hormone action and feedback mechanisms role of hormones in coordination

Which part of the body produces the Growth Hormone Releasing Factor (GHRF) ?

  1. Thyroid Gland

  2. Hypothalamus

  3. Pituitary Gland

  4. Pineal Gland
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Growth hormone–releasing hormone (GHRH), also known as somatocrinin or by several other names in its endogenous forms and as somatorelin (INN) in its pharmaceutical form, is a releasing hormone of growth hormone (GH). It is a 44-amino acid peptide hormone produced in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus.