Geography · Environmental Studies

Geomorphic Processes

2,085 Questions

Geomorphic processes shape the Earth surface through physical mechanisms like weathering, erosion, and deposition. This topic covers soil formation, glacial movement, and coastal landform development. It forms a core component of physical geography in major competitive examinations.

Soil erosion controlGlacial movementCoastal landformsSedimentary rock formationWeathering processes

Geomorphic Processes Questions

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation landforms created by wind erosion wind and coast denudation river landform

In periglacial regions along the slopes, small layers of soil accumulate because of the movement of soil. This is called ____________.

  1. Solifluction

  2. Erosion

  3. Landslide

  4. Slumping
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In periglacial regions along the slopes, small layers of soil accumulate because of the movement of soil. This is called solifluction.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation landforms created by wind erosion wind and coast denudation river landform

The process by which the weathered materials do not move downward but sink in situ is called _____________.

  1. solifluction

  2. slumping

  3. landslide

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Slumping in simple terms is recurring downward movements of rock debris. Slump is slipping of one or several units of debris with a backward rotation with respect to the slope over which the movement takes place. Thus, it is the process by which the weathered materials do not move downward but sink in situ.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation landforms created by wind erosion wind and coast denudation river landform

Which factors determine the deposition of sediments?

  1. Slope of the river

  2. Amount of sediments

  3. Length of river and volume of water

  4. All of above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The factors that determine the deposition of sediments are the length of the rivers, volume of water, amount of sediments, and the slope of the river and the earth's surface.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation landforms created by wind erosion wind and coast denudation river landform

When weathered particles move down due to gravity alone, the process is called ____________.

  1. weathering

  2. landslide

  3. solution

  4. mass movement
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

When gravity alone causes rock or sediment to move down a slope, the erosion is called mass movement. This process is also known as mass wasting. It is a process where a mass of rock debris down the slope under the direct influence of gravity. Weathering is not essential for mass movement, though it helps mass movement. Mass movement has two major classes namely:

1) Rapid movements.
2) Slow movements.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation landforms created by wind erosion wind and coast denudation river landform

In periglacial regions along the slopes, some small layers of soil get accumulated because of the movement of soil, this is called ____________.

  1. slumpinh

  2. solifluction

  3. landslide

  4. rockfall
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Solifluction is a process covered under the slow mass movements. It is a process that involves slow downslope flowing of soil mass or fine-grained rock debris saturated or lubricated with water. It is because permafrost (ground that remains completely frozen) is impermeable to water, soil overlying may become oversaturated and slide downslope under the pull of gravity. Thus, in periglacial regions along the slopes, some small layers of soil accumulated because of the movement of the soil are known as solifluction. 

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation landforms created by wind erosion wind and coast denudation river landform

When the base of the headlands get eroded, it give rise to near vertical slopes called ____________.

  1. sea cave

  2. beach

  3. wave cut platform

  4. sea cliff
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sea cliffs are usually formed by the process of weathering and erosion. In coastal areas the sea waves erode away the base of the headland. The part of rock that remains form a sea cliff.

Multiple choice geography endogenetic movements endogenic process and creation of mountains major domains of the earth land and oceans study of continents - north america earth's movement and creation of landforms earthquake earthquakes

Rift valley means _______________________.

  1. A steep valley by river erosion

  2. A valley with gentle slopes

  3. A valley formed by the sinking of ground between two almost parallel faults

  4. A valley carved by aeolian erosion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • When two plates of earth's crust move apart from each other, a long narrow depression is formed due to the sinking of ground which is called a rift valley eg. east African rift valley. Hence option C is the right answer.
  • The rift valley is not formed due to river or aeolian(wind) action. Also, the slope in the rift valley is almost vertical thus very steep hence other options are incorrect.
Multiple choice geography rocks and rock types lithosphere and asthenosphere rocks and rock cycle introduction to rocks, volcanoes and earthquakes

A waterfall arises when the hard rock layer is ___________.

  1. Vertical

  2. Horizontal

  3. Dips gently upstream

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Waterfalls occur when a river flows over a layer of hard rock that resists erosion, while the softer rock underneath erodes more quickly. This can happen whether the rock is vertical, horizontal, or dipping.

Multiple choice evs water in our life where do we get water from? why conserve water uses of water

The formation of ________ is the most characteristic feature in upper course of a river

  1. landslide

  2. canyons

  3. gorges

  4. waterfalls
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In the upper course of a river, the gradient is steep and the river cuts vertically into the landscape, creating deep, narrow valleys known as gorges or canyons. Waterfalls are also common, but gorges are the most characteristic feature of the valley formation process here.

Multiple choice biology transport in plants diffusion transport in vascular plants types of transport

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
At the time of heavy rain, minerals in upper layers of the soil move downward by a process known as:

  1. weathering

  2. leaching

  3. erosion

  4. smearing
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Leaching is draining away from soil, ash, or similar material by the action of percolating liquid, especially rainwater downwards.

So the correct answer is "leaching"

Multiple choice landforms on earth and external processes general physical geography general knowledge

Which one among the following processes is not part of a chemical weathering?

  1. Hydration

  2. Exfoliation

  3. Oxidation

  4. Solution
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Exfoliation involves the removal of the oldest dead skin cells on the skin's outermost surface. Exfoliation is involved in all facials, during microdermabrasion or chemical peels. It is not a chemical weathering.

Multiple choice landforms on earth and external processes general physical geography general knowledge

In Western plateau region, the vast areas of broken rock and stone, where winds have removed all the loose, light material, are known as the _______.

  1. Inselbergs

  2. Gibber plains

  3. Ayers rocks

  4. Regs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Regs are vast, stony deserts or plains in arid regions where wind has removed the finer, lighter material, leaving behind a surface of broken rock and gravel.

Multiple choice landforms on earth and external processes general physical geography general knowledge

Regarding Abrasio, a weathering process, choose the correct statement(s):
(1) It is a wearing down process related only to fluvial erosion.
(2) Friction is the prime force responsible for abrasion.
(3) Attrition is same as abrasion in all respects.

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Only 3

  4. 2 and 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Abrasion is the mechanical wearing down of rock surfaces by friction caused by materials carried by agents like wind, water, or ice. It is not limited to fluvial erosion, and attrition is the wearing down of the transported particles themselves, not the surface.

Multiple choice landforms on earth and external processes general physical geography general knowledge

Geomorphically, what all processes lead to sculpting a landscape?
(1) Weathering 

(2) Erosion
(3) Deposition.

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. 1 and 2

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Landscapes are sculpted by the combined effects of weathering (breaking down rocks), erosion (removing material), and deposition (accumulating material). All three are fundamental geomorphic processes.