Geography · Environmental Studies

Geomorphic Processes

2,120 Questions

Geomorphic processes shape the Earth surface through physical mechanisms like weathering, erosion, and deposition. This topic covers soil formation, glacial movement, and coastal landform development. It forms a core component of physical geography in major competitive examinations.

Soil erosion controlGlacial movementCoastal landformsSedimentary rock formationWeathering processes

Geomorphic Processes Questions

Multiple choice

Deposit with flocculated structure is formed when

  1. clay particles settle on seabed

  2. clay particles settle on fresh water lake bed

  3. sand particles settle on river bed

  4. sand particles settle on seabed
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

 Flocculated structure is formed when clay particles settle on fresh water lake bed.

Multiple choice

Match the landforms shown in the table with the process through which they are formed.

 
Landforms
Process
1. Canyons i. River Deposition
2. Alluvial Fans ii. River Erosion
3. Wave-Cut Platform iii. Sea waves Erosion
4. Demoiselles iv. Wind Erosion

  1. 1 - i, 2 - ii, 3 - iii, 4 - iv

  2. 1 - ii, 2 - i, 3 - iii, 4 - iv

  3. 1 - iii, 2 - iv, 3 - i, 4 - ii

  4. 1 - iv, 2 - iii, 3 - ii, 4 - i

  5. 1 - ii, 2 - i, 3 - iv, 4 - iii
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

It is the correct choice.

Multiple choice

Identify the correct order of the process of soil-erosion.

  1. Splash erosion, Sheet erosion, Rill erosion, Gully erosion

  2. Sheet erosion, Splash erosion, Gully erosion, Rill erosion

  3. Rill erosion, Gully erosion, Sheet erosion, Splash erosion

  4. Gully erosion, Rill erosion, Sheet erosion, Splash erosion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The correct order of soil erosion process is splash erosion, sheet erosion, rill erosion and gully erosion. Splash occurs when the raindrops hit the surface; explosive impact converts soil into individual particles. Sheet erosion is the detachment of soil particles by rain drops and their removal down the slope by water flowing overland as a sheet in definite channels. Rill erosion refers to the development of small ephemeral concentrated flow paths which function as both sedimentary source and sediment delivery systems for erosion on hill slopes. Gully erosion occurs when water flows in narrow channels after heavy rain and melting snow.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements :

  1. Youthful topography is characterized by comparatively a few streams, but usually with low gradients.

  2. In mature topography, the main streams have their valleys cut to base level and are at grade.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. 1 only

  2. 2 only

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor 2

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Youthful topography is characterized by steep gradients and V-shaped valleys, not low gradients. Mature topography is characterized by streams that have reached grade and are cutting laterally.

Multiple choice

The process that results in the breakdown of rocks and minerals in situ is known as

  1. weathering

  2. attrition

  3. corrosion

  4. erosion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The process that results in the breakdown of rocks and minerals in situ is known as weathering. Weathering is the breaking down of rocks, soils and minerals as well as artificial materials through contact with the Earth's atmosphere, biota and waters. Weathering occurs in situ or with no movement and thus, should not be confused with erosion, which involves the movement of rocks and minerals by agents such as water, ice, snow, wind and gravity.

Multiple choice

Playas are depressions formed due to

  1. marine erosion

  2. river erosion

  3. deflating action of winds

  4. glacial erosion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

As we know, the erosive action of wind is more pronounced in the absence of vegetation. Due to intense degree of deflation, hollows are excavated on the land surface, which may be filled with water during a storm of rain giving rise to a lake. 

Multiple choice

A V-shaped valley is a feature produced by

  1. Mature river

  2. Old river

  3. Youthful river

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A V-shaped valley is primarily formed by a youthful river in its upper course. The river has high energy and performs significant vertical erosion, cutting deep into the landscape.

Multiple choice

Formation of potholes in river beds is an example of

  1. stream bank erosion

  2. erosion

  3. corrosion

  4. hydration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Potholes in river beds are formed by the swirling action of pebbles and boulders in eddies, a process known as corrosion or corrasion (mechanical abrasion).

Multiple choice

Which of the following is an example of erosion?

  1. water freezing and expanding in the cracks of a driveway

  2. wind breaking down small bits of rock in a canyon

  3. rain raising water levels in a river

  4. ocean waves carrying away sand from the coastline
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Erosion is the process by which soil and rock particles are worn away and moved elsewhere by wind, water, or ice. Ocean waves carrying away sand is a classic example of coastal erosion.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is an example of weathering?

  1. river current breaking down rock in a canyon

  2. rain causing water levels to rise in a river

  3. ocean waves carrying away sand from the coastline

  4. wind blowing grains of rock across the desert
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Weathering is the breaking down of rocks at the Earth's surface. A river current breaking down rock is a form of physical weathering (often combined with erosion).

Multiple choice

A U-Shaped valley is created by erosion due to....

  1. the movement of large masses of ice

  2. fast flowing rivers

  3. continuous volcanic eruptions

  4. landslides
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Glaciers are massive bodies of ice that carve out deep, wide, U-shaped valleys as they move slowly across the landscape. Rivers typically create V-shaped valleys through downward erosion.