Geography ยท Environmental Studies

Geomorphic Processes

2,120 Questions

Geomorphic processes shape the Earth surface through physical mechanisms like weathering, erosion, and deposition. This topic covers soil formation, glacial movement, and coastal landform development. It forms a core component of physical geography in major competitive examinations.

Soil erosion controlGlacial movementCoastal landformsSedimentary rock formationWeathering processes

Geomorphic Processes Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following processes is responsible for producing the sand dunes in western Rajasthan?

  1. Wind erosion

  2. Erosion by water

  3. Wind deposition

  4. Mechanical weathering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Wind deposition creates sand dunes when wind carries sand particles and deposits them in piles. Wind erosion removes material but does not build up dunes. Water erosion and mechanical weathering are not responsible for dune formation in arid regions like Rajasthan.

Multiple choice

Which of the following landforms are not caused due to running water?

  1. Gorges

  2. Canyons

  3. Valleys

  4. Tunnels
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Gorges, canyons, and valleys are classic landforms carved by running water (rivers) over millions of years through erosion. Tunnels, however, are typically artificial structures built by humans for transportation (railways, roads) or water management, though natural caves can form through other processes like chemical weathering in limestone.

Multiple choice

Which of these processes specifically reduces the soil pH?

  1. Surface runoff

  2. Crop rotation

  3. Soil erosion

  4. Soil acidification

  5. Desertification
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Soil acidification is the buildup of hydrogen cations, also called protons, reducing the soil pH. This happens when a proton donor gets added to the soil. The donor can be an acid, such as nitric acid and sulfuric acid (these acids are common components of acid rain).

Multiple choice

Which one of the following processes is not related with chemical weathering?

  1. Exfoliation

  2. Carbonation

  3. Hydration

  4. Oxidation

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chemical weathering involves decomposition through chemical processes like carbonation, hydration, and oxidation. Exfoliation is a physical (mechanical) weathering process where outer rock layers peel off due to pressure release and thermal expansion, not chemical breakdown.

Multiple choice

A deep and narrow valley bounded by steep slopes is known as

  1. canyon

  2. delta

  3. geyser

  4. meander
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A canyon is defined as a deep, narrow valley with steep sides, typically formed by river erosion over time. Deltas are landforms at river mouths, geysers are hot water springs, and meanders are river curves.

Multiple choice

Glaciation is associated with

  1. areas which have experienced recent glacial deposition and have deranged drainage pattern

  2. areas where decomposition proceeds slowly

  3. areas where undecomposed or partially decomposed organic matter accumulates in a swampy environment

  4. highly acidic and oxygen-poor soils
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Multiple choice

Which one of the following is the correct sequence of landforms developed under fluvial cycle of erosion?

  1. Gorge, flood plain, piedmont plan, delta

  2. Gorge, piedmont plan, flood plain, delta

  3. Gorge, piedmont plan, delta, flood plain

  4. Piedmont plan, gorge, flood plain, delta
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In the fluvial cycle, landforms progress from the upper course to the lower course: Gorges form in the steep upper reaches, Piedmont plains (fans) form at the mountain base, Flood plains develop in the mature stage, and Deltas form at the river mouth.

Multiple choice

The extensive food plain with level to gentle slopes (2o to 5o) and very low channel gradient makes the river so sluggish that it becomes a tangled network of interconnected diverging and converging shallow channels. Such a flood plain is said to be

  1. Braided

  2. Graded

  3. Entrenched

  4. Meandered
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A braided river consists of a network of small channels separated by temporary islands called braid bars. This occurs when a river has a high sediment load and low gradient, causing it to constantly choke its own channel and split into multiple paths.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following sets of types of actions occurs in topography?

  1. Deflation, Attrition, Corrosion

  2. Attrition, Corrosion, Abrasion

  3. Deflation, Abrasion

  4. Deflation, Attrition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The question is slightly garbled but refers to aeolian (wind) processes. Deflation is the removal of loose particles by wind, and abrasion is the 'sandblasting' effect of wind-blown particles against rock surfaces.

Multiple choice

Players are depressions formed due to

  1. deflating action of winds

  2. glacial erosion

  3. river erosion

  4. marine erosion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Playas (misspelled as 'Players' in the question) are dry lake beds found in arid basins. They are formed by the accumulation of water in depressions, which then evaporates, but the depressions themselves are often deepened or maintained by wind deflation.